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Propulsion

About: Propulsion is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 24977 publications have been published within this topic receiving 200311 citations.


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Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: In this article, a review is devoted to very specific processes in stationary plasma propulsion devices with poloidal magnetic and electric fields and a dielectric channel (Fig. 1).
Abstract: This review is devoted to very specific processes in stationary plasma propulsion devices with poloidal magnetic and electric fields and a dielectric channel (Fig. 1) [1—3]. At present, these accelerators with closed-drift electrons and an extended acceleration region (also called Hall thrusters) generate quasineutral multi-ampere (~ 1 — 50 A) streams of ions of different species (from hydrogen to xenon) with particle energies of 50— 1000 eV. They are mostly known as electric propulsion thrusters for spacecraft (see the Appendix for more details). Therefore, such devices are more frequently called “stationary plasma thrusters” (SPTs). We will use this term throughout the paper. SPTs were designed in 1960s from the basic idea of A. I. Morozov at the Kurchatov Atomic Energy Institute (AEI) (G. Ya. Shchepkin’s laboratory). They were first launched into space in 1971 [4] and have since (most recently in 1997) been mounted onboard more than 50 Russian satellites. From 1999, these thrusters should be used on USA satellites and then perhaps on the satellites of other countries.

314 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlight three areas where quantitative sensing based on laser absorption has had strong influence: chemical kinetics, propulsion, and practical energy systems, and provide an overview of the current power and future potential of these modern diagnostic tools.
Abstract: Laser diagnostic techniques play a large and growing role in combustion research and development. Here we highlight three areas where quantitative sensing based on laser absorption has had strong influence: chemical kinetics, propulsion, and practical energy systems. In the area of chemical kinetics, measurements in shock tubes of high-temperature reaction rate coefficients using species-specific laser absorption techniques have provided new and accurate answers to questions about combustion chemical processes. In the area of propulsion, wide-bandwidth measurements of flow temperatures, species concentrations, and velocity have provided engine designers with the necessary information to improve operation and performance. In the area of practical energy systems, real-time measurements of combustor operating conditions and emissions have enabled needed incremental improvements in large power plants and improved safety of operation. Yet, there is still more to be done, and opportunities for new applications will grow as laser sensors evolve. This review seeks to provide an overview of the current power and future potential of these modern diagnostic tools.

313 citations

Book
01 Dec 2003
TL;DR: In this article, the authors give comprehensive coverage of all aspects of the hybrid vehicle design, from its power plant and energy storage systems, to supporting chassis subsystems necessary for realising hybrid modes of operation.
Abstract: The automotive industry is waking up to the fact that hybrid electric vehicles could provide an answer to the ever-increasing need for lower-polluting and more fuel-efficient forms of personal transport. This is the first book to give comprehensive coverage of all aspects of the hybrid vehicle design, from its power plant and energy storage systems, to supporting chassis subsystems necessary for realising hybrid modes of operation. Key topics covered include hybrid propulsion system architectures, propulsion system sizing, electric traction system sizing and design, loss mechanisms, system simulation and vehicle certification.

313 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors applied the analysis of the orbit of the Echo satellite to give rise to a significant damping of the motion as mechanical energy is converted to that of Alfven radiation.
Abstract: There is a motionally induced charge separation in a conductor moving across magnetic field lines. This charge may be conducted away, resulting in a dc current flow through the conductor if it moves through a plasma. The generation of Alfven waves is a mechanism particularly effective for circulating the charge for very large conductors moving in or above the earth's ionosphere. This mechanism is studied in this paper and when applied to the analysis of the orbit of the Echo satellite is found to give rise to a significant damping of the motion as mechanical energy is converted to that of Alfven radiation. The calculated drag is comparable to that observed for the orbit of Echo 1 and attributed in earlier studies entirely to the mechanical drag of considerable nonionized atmospheric density. Perturbations in electron density associated with this current flow may in appropriate circumstances be detectable even thousands of kilometers away from such a high altitude satellite. The drag can be changed to a propulsion mechanism when a source of electrical power is available on the satellite. Up to fifty per cent of the expended power is available for pushing a space vehicle across an ambient magnetic field.

312 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: SupraTrans as discussed by the authors is an innovative transportation concept based on the principle of superconductive magnetic levitation, which uses the flux pinning in high temperature superconductors (HTS) to stabilize the lateral and vertical position of the vehicle on the magnetic track.
Abstract: SupraTrans is an innovative transportation concept based on the principle of superconductive magnetic levitation. The aim of the project is to create a fully working prototype, which proves its ability for passenger transport by explicit consideration of the compatibility between systems for propulsion, safety, positioning, power supply, transport logistics and the levitation system itself. The SupraTrans technology uses the flux pinning in high temperature superconductors (HTS) to stabilize the lateral and vertical position of the vehicle on the magnetic track. This self-stabilizing system is the main advantage of the superconductive levitation in comparison to all other levitation systems, which need electronic control and power to keep a constant distance between the train and the track.

308 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20231,085
20222,061
2021739
20201,050
20191,194
20181,187