Showing papers on "Propylthiouracil published in 1974"
TL;DR: After the administration of several agents which alter thyroid function, storage and synthesis of growth hormone (rGH) and storage of prolactin (rPRL) were studied in the rat pituitary gland, hypothyroidism produced by propylthiouracil was reduced and resulted in a fall of 80% in pituitaries concentrations of rGH and rPRL.
Abstract: After the administration of several agents which alter thyroid function, storage and synthesis of growth hormone (rGH) and storage of prolactin (rPRL) were studied in the rat pituitary gland. Hormone concentrations in pituitaries were measured by gel electrophoresis; synthesis was measured in pituitary glands incubated in vitro. The pituitary concentration of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase activity were also determined. In addition, serum thyroxin concentrations and binding of DL-thyroxin-2-14C by pituitary and hypothalamic tissues were measured. We obtained the following results. Hypothyroidism produced by propylthiouracil (PTU) reduced the synthesis of rGH 90-97% and that of rPRL 70-78% and resulted in a fall of 80% in pituitary concentrations of rGH and rPRL. These effects of PTU were reversed by the administration of thyroxin. Dinitrophenol (DNP) reduced serum thyroxin 25% and the concentrations of rGH and rPRL in the pituitary as well as their rates ...
35 citations
TL;DR: The data presented demonstrate that biotransformation of propylthiouracil, which occurs primarily at the S group, results in a substantial loss in antiperoxidase activity.
32 citations
Journal Article•
23 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that the thyroid hormones mainly affect neutral steroid metabolism, and cholesterol absorption was increased in hypothyroid (PTU fed) rats and decreased in hyperthyroid (T4 treated) rats.
22 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that these endocrine changes may be mediated by Mo acting at a hypothalamic level to enhance TSH synthesis under certain experimental conditions.
18 citations
14 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: An 11-year-old boy with an 18-month history of incompletely treated thyrotoxicosis was hospitalized because of progressive weakness and responded dramatically to intravenously and then orally administered propranolol which controlled his hyperthyroid symptomatology until propylthiouracil could take effect.
Abstract: An 11-year-old boy with an 18-month history of incompletely treated thyrotoxicosis was hospitalized because of progressive weakness. During his first hospital day he suddenly decompensated, with signs of acute thyroid storm. He responded dramatically to intravenously and then orally administered propranolol which controlled his hyperthyroid symptomatology until propylthiouracil could take effect. This is the first reported description of the use of propranolol in the treatment of thyroid storm in childhood thyrotoxicosis.
14 citations
TL;DR: The block of organic iodine formation by excess iodide was reinvestigated, paying particular attention to the intrathyroidal iodide concentration, to the role of TSH and to changes in physicochemical properties of thyroglobulin.
Abstract: The block of organic iodine formation by excess iodide was reinvestigated, paying particular attention to the intrathyroidal iodide concentration, to the role of TSH and to changes in physicochemical properties of thyroglobulin. Maximal TSH stimulation was obtained by pretreating rats for 4 weeks with propylthiouracil followed by 2 days of a low-iodine diet. Three mg iodide was then injected every 12 hr and the thyroid glands were analyzed at daily intervals. The initially very high intrathyroidal iodide concentration decreased rapidly during the first 4 days of excess iodide, irrespective of whether TSH was high or suppressed by thyroxine injections. Thus TSH played only a minor part in the adaptation of the active iodide transport mechanism. Organic iodine formation was blocked during the first 4 days of iodide treatment. As soon as the intrathyroidal iodide fell below 0.1 μg per mg tissue, organic iodination resumed in TSH-stimulated glands. In animals with low TSH the escape from the block was delayed...
13 citations
TL;DR: Changes in thyroid RI activity, similar to those produced by diet, were reproduced by thyrotropin both in vivo and in vitro arid by dibutyryl cyclic AMP or theophylline in vitro, indicating that the effects probably were mediated through the cyclicAMP system.
Abstract: The thyroid of the rat, mouse, dog and pig contains an inhibitor (RI) which affects thyroid alkaline ribonuclease and bovine pancreatic ribonuclease. For thyroid ribonuclease there were two pH optima, viz. pH 5.5 and 7.5, the latter being predominantly latent activity that was released by 0.2 to 0.5 HIM parahydroxy mercuribenzoate. Low-iodine diet (LID) was fed to rats and mice and thyroid RI activity increased; the change was prevented by the inclusion of thyroid USP in the diet. Addition of propylthiouracil to the diet also resulted in enhanced thyroid RI. LID given to mice led to increases in thyroid RNA and acid ribonuclease whereas alkaline ribonuclease tended to decrease. Changes in thyroid RI activity, similar to those produced by diet, were reproduced by thyrotropin both in vivo and in vitro arid by dibutyryl cyclic AMP or theophylline in vitro, indicating that the effects probably were mediated through the cyclic AMP system. (Endocrinology 94: 74, 1974)
11 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that neither the adrenal glands nor the pituitary gland are necessary to induce hypothyroidism in male Wistar rats and that neither of these glands is necessary to treat diabetes in normal animals.
Abstract: A comparable degree of hypothyroidismwas induced in male Wistar rats by thyroidectomy, KC1O4, or propylthiouracil (PTU) treatment. Their plasma PBI, body weight gain, and growth hormone-like content in the pituitary were very similar. A 200 mg/100 g body weight ip injection of 20% glucose was administered to the rats. The removal rate of plasma glucose was lower in the thyroidectomized (thyx) and KClO4-treated rats than in those given PTU. Glucose tolerance in the PTU-treated rats resembled that in normal animals. Differences in the rise of plasma insulin in response to the glucose load were also observed among the groups. The administration of an ip 3 mg/100 g body weight dose of PTU decreased the plasma glucose concentration in normal, adrenalectomized (adx), or hypophysectomized (hypx) rats. PTU increased the plasma insulin concentration in all groups of rats and had its greatest effect in adrenalectomized animals. The results indicate that neither the adrenal glands nor the pituitary gland are necessa...
11 citations
TL;DR: Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity and hexobarbital sleeping time are significantly decreased in thyroparathyroidectomized rats 48 hr after DMM administration, and kidney lesions are prevented by thyroid deficiency.
TL;DR: Although follow-up has been relatively short, these results suggest that a SDD of antithyroid medication is successful and safe in inducing a remission in adolescents with hyperthyroidism and would enhance compliance.
Abstract: Many adolescent patients with hyperthyroidism fail to take antithyroid medication several times daily and, consequently, remain hyperthyroid. Greer, (NEJM,272:888,65) and Barnes, (JCEM,35:250,72) have reported successful therapy of hyperthyroid adults using a large single daily dose (SDD) of propylthiouracil (PTU) or methimazole (M). We have studied 9 adolescents with hyperthyroidism, 7 initially treated with a SDD of PTU (300mg/m2/24hr) and 2 with a SDD of M(30mg/m2/24hr). Over a 3 month follow-up period, we have monitored several parameters: symptoms of patient; opinion of physician re: thyroid status; weight change; goiter size; WBC, and serum thyroxine(CPB). After 3 months, 5 patients were asymptomatic and 4 patients experienced minimal symptoms. The physician considered 2 patients euthyroid and 7 definitely improved but slightly hyperthyroid. Gain in weight, expressed as mean ±S.E. was 3.0 ± 1.3kg (range:−2.5 to 10.9); P<0.035. Goiter size decreased in 7, remained the same in 1, and increased in 1 patient. At no time did the WBC fall below 4,000/cc in any of the 9 patients. Initial thyroxine level was 21.6 ± 1.7ug%, (range 18.1 to 31.0). Decrease in thyroxine was 10.0 ± 2.2 (range 2.0 to 24.8). Although follow-up has been relatively short, these results suggest that a SDD of antithyroid medication is successful and safe in inducing a remission in adolescents with hyperthyroidism and would enhance compliance.