Topic
Propylthiouracil
About: Propylthiouracil is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2181 publications have been published within this topic receiving 46996 citations. The topic is also known as: Thyreostat® & 2,3-dihydro-6-propyl-2-thioxo-4(1H)-pyrimidinone.
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TL;DR: D dose-dependent reductions in synaptic transmission and impairments in long-term potentiation of the EPSP component of the compound field potential are revealed and extend observations associated with dentate gyrus synaptic function to a lower dose range and provide correlative evidence of behavioral disruption in a hippocampal-dependent learning task following developmental thyroid hormone insufficiency.
128 citations
TL;DR: Thyroid hormones regulate rat apo-A-I and apo -A-II gene expression in opposite directions, and the LDL receptor is regulated at the mRNA level, whereas HTGL gene expression is relatively resistant to alterations in thyroid status.
Abstract: The influence of altered thyroid state is investigated on plasma apolipoprotein-A-I (apo-A-I), apo-B, and apo-E levels and on apo-A-I, apo-A-II, apo-B, apo-E, hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor mRNA levels in rat liver and intestine. Plasma total cholesterol and triglycerides are unchanged in hyperthyroid rats. Liver apo-A-I mRNA levels increase 3-fold, whereas intestinal apo-A-I mRNA levels remain constant. Plasma apo-A-I levels almost double after L-T4. Liver apo-B and apo-E and intestinal apo-B mRNA levels are not influenced by L-T4, but plasma apo-B and apo-E decrease significantly. In the liver, apo-A-II mRNA levels decrease, whereas LDL receptor mRNA levels increase more than 50%. HTGL mRNA is not influenced by L-T4. N-Propyl-thiouracil-induced hypothyroidism does not influence plasma triglycerides, but plasma cholesterol levels nearly double. Liver and intestinal apo-A-I mRNA levels and plasma apo-A-I concentrations remain constant after propylthiouracil treatment. Accompanying the increase in plasma apo-B, liver and intestinal apo-B mRNA concentrations rise by approximately 100% and 40%, respectively. Plasma apo-E increases nearly 2-fold, but liver, apo-A-II mRNA rises, whereas HTGL and LDL receptor mRNA levels decrease 20% and nearly 50%, respectively. In conclusion, thyroid hormones regulate rat apo-A-I and apo-A-II gene expression in opposite directions. Furthermore, the LDL receptor is regulated at the mRNA level, whereas HTGL gene expression is relatively resistant to alterations in thyroid status.
127 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The majority of children who are exposed to these drugs in utero appear to have no subsequent ill effects, however, prolonged therapy with these agents may be undesirable.
126 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that in the sera of patients with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, there are immunoglobulin Gs that can displace TSH binding to thyroid membranes that are different from the classic antithyroid antibodies and 131T treatment of Graves’ disease may enhance TSI production during the first 1--2 months after therapy.
Abstract: Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) activity was measured by radioreceptor assay in sera from patients with Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and thyroid cancer In untreated Graves' disease (47 cases), TSI index was significantly lower [767 +/- 14 (SE)] than the average of a normal control group (30 cases; 944 +/- 19) In untreated Hashimoto's thyroiditis (25 cases), it was also significantly lower (830 +/- 24) In patients with thyroid cancer (19 cases), there was no significant difference from normal controls After 131I treatment, the TSI index in Graves' disease decreased during 2--4 months, then increased and reached normal levels in 1 yr During propylthiouracil treatment, the TSI index increased and reached a normal level in 5--6 months without the decreasing phase seen after 131I treatment Free T4 index values were gradually decreased by both treatments There was no significant relationship between TSI index and thyroid antibodies (microsomal antibodies and thyroglobulin antibodies) in untreated Graves' disease or Hashimoto's thyroiditis It is concluded that 1) in the sera of patients with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, there are immunoglobulin Gs that can displace TSH binding to thyroid membranes; 2) these immunoglobulins Gs are different from the classic antithyroid antibodies; and 3) 131T treatment of Graves' disease may enhance TSI production during the first 1--2 months after therapy
125 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that there is insufficient evidence either to establish or eliminate a direct causal relationship between ACC and MMI use, and propylthiouracil is the preferred thioamide for hyperthyroidism during pregnancy.
Abstract: Thioamide therapy has improved the outcome of pregnancies complicated by maternal hyperthyroidism, without long-term effects on cognitive and somatic development. However, there remain questions concerning whether these drugs, especially methimazole (MMI), may be associated with aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) and how best to avoid impairment of fetal thyroid function during their use. We report an example of ACC and review the relevant literature. We conclude that there is insufficient evidence either to establish or eliminate a direct causal relationship between ACC and MMI use. Since propylthiouracil is an equally effective antithyroid agent and has not been associated with ACC, it is the preferred thioamide for hyperthyroidism during pregnancy. Our review also indicates that impairment of neonatal thyroid function may be minimized by using a thioamide dose that is just sufficient to maintain the maternal serum free thyroxine concentration in the high normal or slightly thyrotoxic range.
123 citations