Topic
Propylthiouracil
About: Propylthiouracil is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2181 publications have been published within this topic receiving 46996 citations. The topic is also known as: Thyreostat® & 2,3-dihydro-6-propyl-2-thioxo-4(1H)-pyrimidinone.
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TL;DR: Folic acid had ameliorative effect against cardiac damage induced by 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil and the best results were found in case of using the folic acid as an adjuvant therapy after returning to the euthyroid state.
Abstract: Thyroid hormones have marked effects on the growth, development, and metabolic function of virtually all organs and tissues. Thyroid status is an important determinant of cardiovascular function. The present work studied the histopathological and ultrastructural changes in the hypothyroid rat left ventricle at post-pubertal stage, in addition to the ameliorating role of folic acid. A total of 50 male albino rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (group I, control; group II, folic acid; group III, propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroid rats; group IV, co-treatment with folic acid; group V, post-treatment). In order to ensure the hypothyroid state, the level of serum triiodothyronine (T(3)) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) through the dose period was regularly determined. The TSH levels were significantly higher while T(3) levels were significantly lower in hypothyroid rats when compared to control group. The high-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed an increase in homocysteine (Hcy) in the hypothyroid rats group when compared to the control group. The histopathological studies of the ventricle in hypothyroid rats revealed hydrophobic changes in myofibrillar structure with striations, myocardial atrophy, nuclear pyknosis, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and cytoplasmic eosinophilia. Transmission electron micrographs in the myocardium of hypothyroid rats revealed a marked reduction in muscle fibre mass, a marked degeneration of muscle fibres, swollen mitochondria, dilated sarcoplasmic reticulum and more prominent perinuclear oedema observed in the cardiac myocytes. In co-treated hypothyroid rats with folic acid, a regular arrangement of muscle fibres, mild swelling of myofibrillar structure with striations and no continuity with adjacent myofibrils were observed while the post-treated hypothyroid rat with folic acid showed normal architecture of myofibrillar structure with striations and continuity with adjacent myofibrils. In conclusion, our results indicated that folic acid had ameliorative effect against cardiac damage induced by 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil and the best results were found in case of using the folic acid as an adjuvant therapy after returning to the euthyroid state.
19 citations
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TL;DR: Hines as mentioned in this paper used 1-methyl-2-mercaptoimidazole (methimazole, "tapazole") in the treatment of thirty-five patients with hyperthyroidism.
19 citations
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TL;DR: Findings suggest the development of fewer cholinergic nerve terminals in striatum during neonatal thyroid deficiency, which seems unaffected in their capacity for K+-stimulation and in their ability to acetylate transported [3H]choline.
19 citations
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TL;DR: Dogs experiments with antithyroid compounds of the sulfanilamide and thiourea types and the cabbage factor and cyanide types are reported.
Abstract: INTRODUCTION ALTHOUGH dogs have been used extensively in thyroidectomy experiments, these animals have been mentioned seldom in publications on antithyroid compounds. The cabbage factor and cyanide type of antithyroids have not been tried in dogs at all, as far as we know. A few papers report dogs experiments with antithyroid compounds of the sulfanilamide and thiourea types. Danowski et al. (1945) administered large doses of thiouracil or thiourea to 3 adult dogs for 28 to 40 weeks without obtaining any syndrome comparable to human myxedema. Mackenzie and Mackenzie (1943) snowed that sulfaguanidine altered the mopphology of the thyroid glands in two puppies in the same way as in rats; the puppies were about 4 months old, and were sacrificed after 2 and 3 weeks of drug administration.
19 citations
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TL;DR: The inverse correlation between both P ChE and LPL activity and TG concentration suggests that PChE, similarly to LPL, may be involved in TG hydrolysis.
Abstract: The relation of plasma lipids and pseudocholinesterase (PChE) activity was studied in rats made hypothyroid by treatment with propylthiouracil (0.05% in drinking water for 28 days) and in hypothyroid patients prior and after L-thyroxine-therapy (1. week 25-50 microg, 2.-4. week 100 microg daily). In rats, thyroid hormone deficiency caused a significant increase in plasma and adipose tissue PChE activity as well as total plasma cholesterol (TC) concentration, and a decrease in plasma triglyceride (TG) concentration. In contrast to rats, thyroid-deficient humans demonstrated a decrease in plasma PChE activity and an increase in both TC and TG, in comparison with euthyroid controls. After one month's therapy with L-thyroxine, reversion of PChE activity and lipid concentrations occurred. The opposite changes of PChE elicited by thyroid hormone deficiency in men and rats are similar to the respective changes in lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, observed by other authors. The inverse correlation between both PChE and LPL activity and TG concentration suggests that PChE, similarly to LPL, may be involved in TG hydrolysis.
19 citations