Topic
Proteolytic enzymes
About: Proteolytic enzymes is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 23096 publications have been published within this topic receiving 835544 citations.
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TL;DR: Elevated mechanical stretch on aortic valve cusps may detrimentally alter the proteolytic enzyme expression and activity in valve cells, which may trigger a cascade of events leading to an accelerated valve degeneration and disease progression.
Abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cathepsins are proteolytic enzymes that are upregulated in diseased aortic valve cusps. The objective of this study was to investigate whether elevated cyclic stretch causes an increased expression and activity of these proteolytic enzymes in the valve cusp. Circumferentially oriented fresh porcine aortic valve cusp sections were stretched to 10% (physiological), 15% (pathological), and 20% (hyperpathological) in a tensile stretch bioreactor for 24 and 48 h. The expression and activity of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of MMP-1, and cathepsin L, S, and K were quantified and compared with fresh controls. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were also analyzed. As a result, at 10% physiological stretch, the expression and activity of remodeling enzymes were comparable with fresh controls. At 15% stretch, the expression of MMP-1, -2, -9 and cathepsin S and K were upregulated, whereas the expression of cathepsin L was downregulated compared with controls. A similar trend was observed at 20% stretch, but the magnitudes of upregulation and downregulation of the expression were less than those observed at 15%. In addition, there were significantly higher cell proliferation and apoptosis at 20% stretch compared with those of other treatment groups. In conclusion, elevated mechanical stretch on aortic valve cusps may detrimentally alter the proteolytic enzyme expression and activity in valve cells. This may trigger a cascade of events leading to an accelerated valve degeneration and disease progression.
213 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the shell waste from shrimp Crangon crangon processing is used to recover chitin and protein hydrolysate from the shells of crangons.
213 citations
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TL;DR: Neprilysin to decrease cerebral Abeta is suggested to be inevitable factor as a vital therapeutic target and degraded not only monomeric but also oligomeric forms of Abeta1-40, a significant Abeta species in early pathogenesis.
213 citations
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TL;DR: For both the serine and matrix metalloproteinases, catalysis of peptide bond cleavage in insoluble elastin was characterized by temperature effects and water requirements typical of common enzyme-catalyzed reactions, even those involving soluble substrates.
213 citations
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TL;DR: Recombinant SCCA2 was most effective against two chymotrypsin-like proteinases from inflammatory cells, but was ineffective against papain-like cysteine proteinases.
213 citations