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Proteolytic enzymes

About: Proteolytic enzymes is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 23096 publications have been published within this topic receiving 835544 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
30 Mar 1963-Nature
TL;DR: In an attempt to isolate small regions of the peptide network containing the cross-links, Thomas and Partridge degraded the protein by use of a succession of proteolytic enzymes followed by amino- and carboxy-peptidases.
Abstract: ELASTIN is insoluble in all reagents except those which break peptide bonds, and when wet the protein behaves as a typical rubber-like solid1. These characteristics, together with the swelling properties, are consistent with the view that elastin can be regarded as a cross-linked polymer gel containing long peptide chains randomly crumpled and held laterally at intervals by strong chemical bonds2. In an attempt to isolate small regions of the peptide network containing the cross-links, Thomas and Partridge3 degraded the protein by use of a succession of proteolytic enzymes followed by amino- and carboxy-peptidases. The product consisted of amino-acids and small peptides together with a fraction of higher molecular weight. This fraction was isolated and was found to be bright yellow in colour with the blue-white fluorescence characteristic of elastin fibres.

207 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1977-Virology
TL;DR: Observations demonstrate that cleavage is a precondition for the biological activity not only of glycoprotein F but also of Glycoprotein HN, and there is a striking difference between glycoproteins HN0 and F0 with repsect to their susceptibility to proteolytic enzymes.

206 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that the epithelium is fundamentally disordered in chronic asthma manifest by increased fragility, and an altered phenotype to one that secretes mucus, mediators, cytokines, chemokines and growth factors.
Abstract: While asthma is an inflammatory disorder of the airways involving mediator release from mast cells and eosinophils and orchestrated by T cells, inflammation alone is insufficient to explain the chronic nature of the disease and its progression. Evidence is presented that the epithelium is fundamentally disordered in chronic asthma manifest by increased fragility, and an altered phenotype to one that secretes mucus, mediators, cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. Epithelial injury is mediated by exogenous factors such as air pollutants, viruses and allergens as well as by endogenous factors including the release of proteolytic enzymes from mast cells (tryptase, chymase) and eosinophils (MMP-9). Following injury, the normal epithelium should respond with increased proliferation driven by ligands acting on epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors or through transactivation of the receptor. The epithelial response to these stimuli in asthma appears to be impaired despite upregulation of CD44 capable of enhancing presentation of EGF ligands to epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR). Because the epithelium is ‘held’ in this repair phenotype, it becomes a continuous source of proinflammatory products as well as growth factors that drive airway wall remodelling.

206 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 1983-Cell
TL;DR: Comparison of two-dimensional tryptic peptide maps indicate that, in addition to several common peptides, the molecules exhibit considerable structural heterogeneity, consistent with the properties expected for the T cell antigen receptor.

205 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review focusses on the possible role of the cystatins, natural and specific inhibitors of the Cysteine proteinases, in pathological processes.
Abstract: Proteolytic enzymes have many physiological functions in plants, bacteria, viruses, protozoa and mammals. They play a role in processes such as food digestion, complement activation or blood coagulation. The action of proteolytic enzymes is biologically controlled by proteinase inhibitors and increasing attention is being paid to the physiological significance of these natural inhibitors in pathological processes. The reason for this growing interest is that uncontrolled proteolysis can lead to irreversible damage e.g. in chronic inflammation or tumor metastasis. This review focusses on the possible role of the cystatins, natural and specific inhibitors of the cysteine proteinases, in pathological processes.

204 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202350
2022113
2021358
2020434
2019358
2018472