Topic
Protoplast
About: Protoplast is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5474 publications have been published within this topic receiving 122468 citations.
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TL;DR: Somatic hybrids between cultivated lettuce and a wild species L. virosa were produced by protoplast electrofusion and had more vigorous growth than either parent, and had normal flower morphology, but all were sterile.
Abstract: Somatic hybrids between cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and a wild species L. virosa were produced by protoplast electrofusion. Hybrid selection was based on inactivation of L. sativa with 20mM iodoacetamide for 15 min, and the inability of L. virosa protoplasts to divide in the culture conditions used. Protoplasts were cultured in agarose beads in a revised MS media. In all 71 calli were formed and 21 of them differentiated shoots on LS medium containing 0.1mg/l NAA and 0.2mg/l BA. Most regenerated plants exhibited intermediate morphology. These plants were confirmed as hybrids by isoenzyme analysis. The majority of somatic hybrids had 2n=4x=36 chromosomes, and had more vigorous growth than either parent. Hybrids had normal flower morphology, but all were sterile.
35 citations
Patent•
12 Jan 1995
TL;DR: In this article, an auxin-autotrophic, embryogenic callus is formed on the shoot basis of the seedlings, which callus retains its embryogenic potential over a substantial period of time when subcultured on hormone-free medium.
Abstract: Protoplasts which regenerate reproducibly in a short time to normal, fertile plants can be regenerated from an auxin-autotrophic genotype of Zea mays (L.). Starting from immature embryos on hormone-free media, an auxin-autotrophic, embryogenic callus is formed on the shoot basis of the seedlings, which callus retains its embryogenic potential over a substantial period of time when subcultured on hormone-free medium. In addition to fully-developed embryos, adventitious embryos are also formed under suitable culture conditions (6-9% of sucrose in the medium). When the sucrose content is reduced to 2-3% and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is added, soft, granular calli are formed which consist of embryogenic cell aggregates (type II callus). After subculturing the type II callus in the form of a cell suspension culture, totipotent protoplasts can be isolated. From these protoplasts, the maize plants according to the invention are regenerated.
35 citations
TL;DR: Cell suspension cultures of eggplant were initiated from embryogenic callus cultures and maintained in medium supplemented with either 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4,D) to achieve higher yields of protoplasts and greater efficiency of cell division.
Abstract: Cell suspension cultures of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) were initiated from embryogenic callus cultures and maintained in medium supplemented with either 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Higher yields of protoplasts were obtained from cells grown in 2,4-D than in NAA. The efficiency of cell division was also greater in protoplast cultures derived from cells grown in the presence of 2,4-D. Protoplast-derived cells formed somatic embryos in modified Kao or Nagata and Takebe media which were supplemented with 1 mg/L 2,4-D. Early stages of embryogenesis were observed in liquid medium; however, these embryos and associated cell colonies were transferred onto agar-solidified medium for subsequent regeneration. Mature plants were established in soil in the greenhouse.
35 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, mutant plants of Nicotiana tabacum cv Gatersleben (coded nia -130) lacking nitrate reductase apoenzyme activity and wild type (WT) plants were used for the isolation of leaf mesophyll protoplasts.
34 citations
TL;DR: High maturation frequencies of ‘high quality’ embryos were obtained on maturation media containing abscisic acid (ABA), activated charcoal (AC), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as osmotic agent.
Abstract: Somatic embryogenesis inChamaecyparis pisifera was initiated from immature seeds collected from the end of June to early July. We obtained initiation frequencies ranging from 12.5 to 33.3% using whole seed explants in liquid media. Embryogenic cultures were maintained and proliferated for more than a year in solid and liquid media. High maturation frequencies of ‘high quality’ embryos were obtained on maturation media containing abscisic acid (ABA), activated charcoal (AC), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as osmotic agent. More than one thousand cotyledonary embryos on average per 100 mg initial fresh weight of embryogenic cells were attained on medium containing 100µM ABA, 2 gL−1 AC, and 150 gL−1 PEG. About 97% germination frequencies and 92% plant conversion rates were achieved without any pretreatment. Growing of plants regenerated from somatic embryos has been monitored in the field. Furthermore, a procedure for culture of protoplasts isolated from embryonal masses was also described.
34 citations