Topic
Protoplast
About: Protoplast is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5474 publications have been published within this topic receiving 122468 citations.
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01 Feb 2001
TL;DR: Efficient protoplast culture procedures have been worked out from cell suspension as a source, however, regeneration of plants posed a developmental block in both parental and hybrid calli.
Abstract: Damask rose, Rosa damascena, an important species among the scented roses, yields a highly fragrant commercially important essential oil. It is commonly used in perfumery industry, beverages, soft drinks, medicines etc. Besides rose oil, the other products are rose water, rose concrete, rose absolute. "gulkand" (a sugary preparation) etc. R. bourboniana, a related species, is also used also used for rose oil extraction. For achieving faster rates of multiplication, tissue culture methods are best employed and may be of great commercial value in establishing plantations. Micropropagation protocols using nodal segments were established in R. damascena and R. bourboniana. Rooted plants were transferred to field. In addition protoplast culture studies were also carried out in the two species of scented rose. Friable callus was initiated from stem and leaf segments inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with varying concentrations of 2,4-D (1-10 muM), NAA (1-10 muM), BAP (1-10 muM). Efficient protoplast culture procedures have been worked out from cell suspension as a source, however, regeneration of plants posed a developmental block in both parental and hybrid calli. Alternative explants for their regeneration potential are under assessment and promising results are obtained for genetic manipulation of these important essential oil bearing rose species.
33 citations
TL;DR: Somatic hybrids were produced between Nicotiana tabacum and N. nesophila, two species incapable of conventional sexual hybridization, and variation between clones could be exploited as these interspecies hybrids are now being used to incorporate disease resistance into cultivated tobacco.
Abstract: Somatic hybrids were produced between Nicotiana tabacum and N nesophila, two species incapable of conventional sexual hybridization Sexual hybrids, though, could be produced between these two species by using ovule culture only when N nesophila was female Clones of somatic hybrids were compared with sexual hybrids Statistically significant variation was observed between clones, but not between sexual hybrids, for pollen viability, flower morphology, leaf morphology, and trichome density As all clones of somatic hybrids have 96 chromosomes, the variability could not be explained by interclonal variation in chromosome number Variation between somatic hybrids could be the result of cytoplasmic segregation or recombination, mitotic recombination or small chromosomal rearrangements prior to plant regeneration Variation between clones could be exploited as these interspecies hybrids are now being used to incorporate disease resistance into cultivated tobacco
33 citations
TL;DR: Coffee plants were regenerated from protoplasts isolated from embryogenic cell suspension cultures derived from somatic embryos of Coffea arabica L. cv.
Abstract: Coffee plants were regenerated from protoplasts isolated from embryogenic cell suspension cultures derived from somatic embryos of Coffea arabica L. cv. caturra. Yields of viable protoplasts ranged from 1×105 to 6×105 protoplast/g fresh weight. Protoplast preparations usually contained no contaminating cells, and when present, the number of cells never exceeded 0.1% of the total. Plating efficiencies of protoplast ranged from 1 to 10%. Embryogenic protocolonies obtained after several subcultures in a medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l each of benzylaminopurine, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and naphtaleneacetic acid, were transferred to a medium lacking plant growth regulators. Well differentiated embryos were formed in selected protocolonies that contained many embryos-like structures. Approximately 70% of the somatic embryos developed into green rooted plantlets which were succesfully transferred to vessels containing sterilized scoria. Plants grown for two months in scoria were finally transferred to greenhouse.
33 citations
TL;DR: A new shuttle vector, able to replicate in Escherichia coli and S. faecalis, was constructed and transformed into S.Faecalis protoplasts, which was reproducible, but low in frequency (10(-6) transformants per viable protoplast).
Abstract: Nonconjugative plasmids were transferred by protoplast fusion among Streptococcus faecalis strains and from Streptococcus sanguis to S. faecalis. S. faecalis protoplasts were also transformed with several different plasmids, including the Tn917 delivery vehicle pTV1. Transformation was reproducible, but low in frequency (10(-6) transformants per viable protoplast). A new shuttle vector (pAM610), able to replicate in Escherichia coli and S. faecalis, was constructed and transformed into S. faecalis protoplasts. pAM610 was mobilized by the conjugative plasmid pAM beta 1 in matings among S. faecalis strains and from S. sanguis to S. faecalis. Chimeric derivatives of pAM610 were also transformed into S. faecalis.
33 citations
TL;DR: Five somatic hybrids of potato and tomato obtained by protoplast fusion were identified using the isoelectric focusing patterns of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase as phenotypic markers of the nuclear and chloroplast genomes, bringing the number of verified somatic hybrid between the two species to nine.
Abstract: Five somatic hybrids of potato and tomato obtained by protoplast fusion were identified using the isoelectric focusing patterns of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase as phenotypic markers of the nuclear and chloroplast genomes. Together with the previously analyzed hybrids (14) this brings the number of verified somatic hybrids between the two species to nine. The products of both tomato and potato nuclear genomes are present in the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase oligomer from all nine hybrids. Four of the hybrids contain the tomato large subunit and hence the tomato chloroplast DNA is functional, whereas in five hybrids the potato ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit and thereby the potato chloroplast DNA is present. The former are designated topatoes and the latter pomatoes (11).
33 citations