Topic
Protoplast
About: Protoplast is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5474 publications have been published within this topic receiving 122468 citations.
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TL;DR: Efficiently regenerated single colonies from mixed multiply auxotrophic Bacillus subtilis protoplasts, fused with polyethylene glycol, reveal colonies carrying each of the parent types (biparentals) and recombinant colonies.
Abstract: Efficiently regenerated single colonies from mixed multiply auxotrophic Bacillus subtilis protoplasts, fused with polyethylene glycol, reveal colonies carrying each of the parent types (biparentals) and recombinant colonies. The latter appear in high yields (up to 1% of certain recombinant classes); the yield of biparentals may be as large as 10%, in the range of the indicated physical fusion events. Many of the biparentals are diploids although, contrary to expectation, they are not complementing prototrophs, but show precisely the phenotype of one (either one) of the parent strains. Extensive pedigree analysis and subcloning of diploid lines show that they can propagate with varying stability on the appropriate parental selective medium to reproduce diploid progeny, parental segregants, and late-appearing recombinants, including some prototrophs. Thus, the principal product of intertype protoplast fusion is a diploid carrying two chromosomes, only one of which is expressed in each particular clone. The extinction of one parental genome is especially well demonstrated when it includes suppression of a normally dominant antibiotic sensitivity marker. In transformation experiments, DNA made from a selected diploid clone was able to transfer several of the unexpressed genes. The structural or topological character of DNA associated with the chromosome extinction remains unexplained.
81 citations
TL;DR: The isolation and regeneration of protoplasts from an embryogenic banana (Musa spp.) cell suspension culture initiated from in vitro proliferating meristems resulted in microcolonies developed directly into somatic embryos which later germinated and formed plantlets.
Abstract: We report the isolation and regeneration of protoplasts from an embryogenic banana (Musa spp.) cell suspension culture initiated from in vitro proliferating meristems. A high yielding isolation method (up to 6×107 protoplasts.ml−1 packed cells) is discussed. Optimal regeneration, with more than 50% of the protoplasts showing initial cell division, occurred when high inoculation densities (106 protoplasts.ml−1) or nurse cultures were applied. Under these conditions, the frequency of microcolony formation was 20–40%. These microcolonies developed directly, without an intervening callus phase, into somatic embryos which later germinated and formed plantlets.
81 citations
TL;DR: L-arginine and L-lysine delay spontaneous lysis of oat leaf protoplasts, preserve uniformity of chloroplast distribution in protoplast and prevent protoplast aggregation and adhesion to the substratum.
80 citations
TL;DR: Results show that early developmental processes modify water-transport properties of the plasma membrane, and that the transference chamber is adapted to the study of water-Transport mechanisms in native membranes.
Abstract: A transference chamber was developed to measure the osmotic water permeability coefficient (Pos) in protoplasts 40 to 120 μm in diameter. The protoplast was held by a micropipette and submitted to a steep osmotic gradient created in the transference chamber. Pos was derived from the changes in protoplast dimensions, as measured using a light microscope. Permeabilities were in the range 1 to 1000 μm s-1 for the various types of protoplasts tested. The precision for Pos was
80 citations
TL;DR: Plant regeneration from protoplast derived colonies of B. oleracea, D. innoxia, M. sativa and N. tabacum confirmed the totipotency of cotyledon protoplasts.
80 citations