Topic
Protoporphyrin IX
About: Protoporphyrin IX is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2250 publications have been published within this topic receiving 65544 citations. The topic is also known as: PpIX.
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TL;DR: PLGA NPs provide a promising strategy for delivering ALA in topical PDT of cutaneous SCC, and ALA PLGA NP-mediated topical PDT was more effective than free ALA of the same concentration in treating cutaneousSCC.
Abstract: Background Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common skin cancer, and its treatment is still difficult. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nanoparticle (NP)-assisted 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) delivery for topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cutaneous SCC. Materials and methods Ultraviolet-induced cutaneous SCCs were established in hairless mice. ALA-loaded polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) NPs were prepared and characterized. The kinetics of ALA PLGA NP-induced protoporphyrin IX fluorescence in SCCs, therapeutic efficacy of ALA NP-mediated PDT, and immune responses were examined. Results PLGA NPs enhanced protoporphyrin IX production in SCC. ALA PLGA NP-mediated topical PDT was more effective than free ALA of the same concentration in treating cutaneous SCC. Conclusion PLGA NPs provide a promising strategy for delivering ALA in topical PDT of cutaneous SCC.
40 citations
39 citations
TL;DR: In preliminary clinical tests, a clear demarcation between neoplastic/cancerous lesions and adjacent normal tissue was demonstrated and laboratory tests of fluorescence ratio imaging showed good contrast enhancement between control tissues and tissue phantoms and those containing porphyrin photosensitisers.
Abstract: Topical or systemic administration of 5-aminolaevulinic acid results in biosynthesis of the photosensitiser protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) with some selectivity for malignant lesions. Excitation near 400 nm excites both intrinsic green tissue autofluorescence and red fluorescence from PpIX which may be exploited for the optical diagnosis of malignant and premalignant disease. In this work the utility of a cooled 12-bit single chip charge-coupled device (CCD) colour camera was investigated for photodiagnostic fluorescence ratio imaging. The red to green fluorescence intensity ratios were calculated for each pixel in real-time and fluorescence ratio images were displayed typically at a rate of 2 frames/s. Laboratory tests of fluorescence ratio imaging showed good contrast enhancement between control tissues and tissue phantoms and those containing porphyrin photosensitisers. In preliminary clinical tests, a clear demarcation between neoplastic/cancerous lesions and adjacent normal tissue was demonstrated. The extent of PpIX photobleaching during photodynamic therapy was also investigated using fluorescence ratio imaging.
39 citations
TL;DR: The results confirm that the designed PpIX conjugated gold nanoparticles have provided a highly efficient agent for cellular photodynamic therapy.
Abstract: Gold nanoparticles with suitable properties are supreme therapeutic agents and provide effective signal enhancement in photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this study, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) conjugated gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were prepared using covalent conjugation with cysteine as the adaptable linkage. The thiol group of cysteine was bound to the gold nanoparticles and also the formation of the amide linkage between PpIX and cysteine was confirmed using FT-IR. The spectroscopic characterizations (FT-IR and UV-vis) proved the formation of the PpIX conjugated gold nanoparticles. The reaction process was also followed using thin layer chromatography. Two different laser sources were used to activate the PpIX molecule in the ground state which was highly associated with the amount of singlet oxygen produced. Gold nanoparticles revealed a significant improvement in the singlet oxygen production of the PpIX molecule. The photocytotoxicity of the PpIX conjugated gold nanoparticles was also investigated using spermatogonial cells in vitro. The results confirm that the designed PpIX conjugated gold nanoparticles have provided a highly efficient agent for cellular photodynamic therapy.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an assay procedure was developed for the measurement of ZPP-promoting activity in meat extracts, adapted from assays already in use with other matrices, is based on the incubation of the meat extract with zinc and protoporphyrin IX (the reaction substrates) and recording of the resulting fluorescence at 590 nm.
Abstract: Zn-protoporphyrin IX (ZPP) is a major red pigment in dried hams made without nitrates. In this study, an assay procedure was developed for the measurement of ZPP-promoting activity in meat extracts. The method, adapted from assays already in use with other matrices, is based on the incubation of the meat extract with zinc and protoporphyrin IX (the reaction substrates) and recording of the resulting fluorescence at 590 nm, i.e. the emission wavelength of ZPP. When used to test pork samples, the assay procedure, whose relative standard deviation was P
39 citations