Topic
Proxy (statistics)
About: Proxy (statistics) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5257 publications have been published within this topic receiving 94504 citations. The topic is also known as: proxy variable & proxy measurement.
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TL;DR: In this article, the theoretical and empirical properties of a model of aggregate supply behavior that was introduced in the 1970s but has received inadequate attention are investigated; the model postulates that price changes occur so as to gradually eliminate discrepancies between actual and market clearing values and to reflect expected changes in market-clearing values.
Abstract: This paper investigates the theoretical and empirical properties of a model of aggregate supply behavior that was introduced in the 1970s but has received inadequate attention. The model postulates that price changes occur so as to gradually eliminate discrepancies between actual and market-clearing values and to reflect expected changes in market-clearing values. Its implications are more 'classical' than most alternative formulations that reflect gradual price adjustment. Empirical results, which utilize a proxy for market-clearing output that is a function of fixed capital and the real price of oil, are moderately encouraging but not entirely supportive.
25 citations
TL;DR: This paper finds that the identity-based proxy multi-signature scheme of Wang and Cao is not secure unless each proxy secret key can only be used to generate at most one proxy signature, and proposes an improvement to overcome this weakness.
25 citations
23 May 2022
TL;DR: In this article , a non-intrusive speech quality metric called Deep Noise Suppression Mean Opinion Score (DNSMOS) was developed using the scores from ITU-T Rec. P.835 subjective evaluation.
Abstract: Human subjective evaluation is the "gold standard" to evaluate speech quality optimized for human perception. Perceptual objective metrics serve as a proxy for subjective scores. We have recently developed a non-intrusive speech quality metric called Deep Noise Suppression Mean Opinion Score (DNSMOS) using the scores from ITU-T Rec. P.808 [1] subjective evaluation. The P.808 scores reflect the overall quality of the audio clip. ITU-T Rec. P.835 [2] subjective evaluation framework gives the standalone quality scores of speech and background noise in addition to the overall quality. In this work, we train an objective metric based on P.835 human ratings that output 3 scores: i) speech quality (SIG), ii) background noise quality (BAK), and iii) the overall quality (OVRL) of the audio. The developed metric is highly correlated with human ratings, with a Pearson’s Correlation Co-efficient (PCC)=0.94 for SIG and PCC=0.98 for BAK and OVRL. This is the first non-intrusive P.835 predictor we are aware of. DNSMOS P.835 is made publicly available as an Azure service.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the influence of target firm performance, capital structure, and ownership profile on the decision to pursue a hostile tender offer or, alternatively, a proxy contest.
Abstract: This paper investigates the influence of target firm performance, capital structure, and ownership profile on the decision to pursue a hostile tender offer or, alternatively, a proxy contest. Empirically, firms with poorer financial performance are more likely to experience a proxy contest as opposed to a tender offer. Firms that are more highly leveraged and that tend to be management-controlled are more likely to be targets of proxy contests than of tender offers.
25 citations