Topic
Proxy (statistics)
About: Proxy (statistics) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5257 publications have been published within this topic receiving 94504 citations. The topic is also known as: proxy variable & proxy measurement.
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TL;DR: A new improvement to counter coalition attack is proposed, the proxy generation and the signature computation of which is more efficient than those of Sun's scheme and Hsu's improvement, by which the original signer can identify the actual signers that are anonymous to outsiders.
51 citations
Patent•
09 Apr 2003TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose to place a user selector proxy as an entry point to the AAA-service network within an ISP network, the user selecting an AAA-server responsible for determining an AAA server in charge of the user and able to direct AAA service requests to the appropriate AAA server.
Abstract: The basic problem addressed by the present invention is the free disposition of users, without restrictions on users identifiers, among a plurality of AAA-servers within an ISP network for allowing AAA-service network scalability and for hiding the AAA-service network configuration to external AAA-clients. The present invention solves the problem discussed above by placing a User Selector Proxy as entry point to the AAA-service network within an ISP network, the User Selector Proxy responsible for determining an AAA-server in charge of the user and able to direct AAA-service requests to the appropriate AAA-server.
51 citations
TL;DR: This paper found that well-governed firms are more likely to offer CSR-contingent compensation, and such compensation does lead to higher corporate social standing, and that non-formulaic, subjective CSRcontending compensation also helps improve companies' social performance when firm outcomes are more volatile and unpredictable, and therefore executives' effort and performance are harder to evaluate.
Abstract: Firms have increasingly started tying their executives’ compensation to CSR-related objectives. In this paper, we attempt to understand why firms offer CSR-contingent compensation and the conditions under which such compensation improves corporate social performance. Using hand-collected data from proxy statements, we find that this emerging compensation practice varies significantly across industries and across different CSR categories. Further, well-governed firms are more likely to offer CSR-contingent compensation, and such compensation does lead to higher corporate social standing. Such firms are more likely to offer formula-based, Objective CSR-contingent compensation. However, our results suggest that non-formulaic, Subjective CSR-contingent compensation also helps improve companies’ social performance when firm outcomes are more volatile and unpredictable, and therefore executives’ effort and performance are harder to evaluate, and when firms have better corporate governance.
50 citations
TL;DR: This paper showed that eligible children were 8 percentage points more likely to enroll in school and 3 percentage points less likely to work in the two poorest strata, and statistically insignificant in the other three strata.
Abstract: The Honduran PRAF experiment randomly assigned conditional cash transfers to 40 of 70 poor municipalities, within five strata defined by a poverty proxy. Using census data, we show that eligible children were 8 percentage points more likely to enroll in school and 3 percentage points less likely to work. The effects were much larger in the two poorest strata, and statistically insignificant in the other three (the latter finding is robust to the use of a separate regression-discontinuity design). Heterogeneity confirms the importance of judicious targeting to maximize the impact and cost-effectiveness of CCTs. There is no consistent evidence of effects on ineligible children or on adult labor supply.
50 citations
Patent•
10 Aug 2004TL;DR: In this paper, a method for utilizing proxy designation in a call system includes receiving a call from a first user over a first connection with a first endpoint of the first user and detecting the presence of the proxy user over the second connection.
Abstract: A method for utilizing proxy designation in a call system includes receiving a call from a first user over a first connection with a first endpoint of the first user. The method includes receiving a proxy designation from the first user. The proxy designation comprises a proxy user designated to handle the call for the first user. The method also includes establishing a second connection with the proxy user and detecting the presence of the proxy user over the second connection.
49 citations