Pseudogene

About: Pseudogene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5528 publications have been published within this topic receiving 336634 citations. The topic is also known as: Ψ & pseudogenes.

The structure of eight distinct cloned human leukocyte interferon cDNAs.

Abstract: Eight classes of human leukocyte interferon (LeIFN) cDNA clones have been identified in a cDNA library prepared from a myeloblastoid cell line. The nucleotide sequences demonstrate that the multiple human LeIFN genes code for a family of homologous, yet distinct proteins. One of the cDNA clones may have been derived from the transcription of a LeIFN pseudogene.

Complete nucleotide sequence of two steroid 21-hydroxylase genes tandemly arranged in human chromosome: a pseudogene and a genuine gene

Abstract: Two 21-hydroxylase [P-450(C21)] genes have been isolated from a human genomic library using a bovine P-450(C21) cDNA. The insert DNAs containing the P-450(C21) genes were also hybridized with the sequences of the 5' or 3' end regions of human C4 cDNA, indicating a close linkage of the P-450(C21) gene to the C4 gene. Sequence analysis has revealed that the two P-450(C21) genes are both approximately equal to 3.4 kilobases long and split into 10 exons. Comparing the two sequences, we found that the two genes are highly homologous including their introns and flanking sequences, but that three mutations render one of the two P-450(C21) genes nonfunctional--1 base insertion, an 8-base deletion, and a transition mutation--all of which may cause premature termination of the translation. Tandem arrangement of the highly homologous pseudo- and genuine genes in close proximity could account for the high incidence of P-450(C21) gene deficiency by homologous gene recombination.

Structural and functional partitioning of bread wheat chromosome 3B.

Abstract: We produced a reference sequence of the 1-gigabase chromosome 3B of hexaploid bread wheat. By sequencing 8452 bacterial artificial chromosomes in pools, we assembled a sequence of 774 megabases carrying 5326 protein-coding genes, 1938 pseudogenes, and 85% of transposable elements. The distribution of structural and functional features along the chromosome revealed partitioning correlated with meiotic recombination. Comparative analyses indicated high wheat-specific inter- and intrachromosomal gene duplication activities that are potential sources of variability for adaption. In addition to providing a better understanding of the organization, function, and evolution of a large and polyploid genome, the availability of a high-quality sequence anchored to genetic maps will accelerate the identification of genes underlying important agronomic traits.

Folate-binding Protein Is a Marker for Ovarian Cancer

Abstract: We describe the isolation of a complementary DNA (cDNA) sequence encoding the ovarian cancer-associated antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody MOv18 and its identification as a high-affinity folate-binding protein (FBP) Functional cDNA clones were isolated using mRNA from the ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV3 and colon carcinoma cell line HT29, by transient expression in WOP cells and selection of expressing cells by adhesion to antibody-coated magnetic beads The cDNAs differed in the lengths of 5′- and 3′-noncoding regions, but they encoded identical peptides A database search clearly showed them to be adult high-affinity FBPs with amino acid sequences identical with those isolated from normal placenta and several carcinoma cell lines Reactivity of cell lines with MOv18 was quantitatively consistent with the expression of FBP mRNA Southern hybridizations show evidence of a family of related genes and/or pseudogenes and were mapped to chromosome 11q133–141 by fluorescent in situ hybridization using cosmid clones containing part of this region Also identified were two PstI polymorphisms of four and three alleles, respectively, and a two-allele MspI polymorphism The folate-binding protein locus was not amplified in any of the 16 carcinoma cell lines tested and in only 1 of 10 serous adenocarcinomas, indicating that overexpression of FBP in ovarian cancer cannot, in general, be due to gene amplification

Complete genome sequence of the Q-fever pathogen Coxiella burnetii

Abstract: The 1,995,275-bp genome of Coxiella burnetii, Nine Mile phase I RSA493, a highly virulent zoonotic pathogen and category B bioterrorism agent, was sequenced by the random shotgun method. This bacterium is an obligate intracellular acidophile that is highly adapted for life within the eukaryotic phagolysosome. Genome analysis revealed many genes with potential roles in adhesion, invasion, intracellular trafficking, host-cell modulation, and detoxification. A previously uncharacterized 13-member family of ankyrin repeat-containing proteins is implicated in the pathogenesis of this organism. Although the lifestyle and parasitic strategies of C. burnetii resemble that of Rickettsiae and Chlamydiae, their genome architectures differ considerably in terms of presence of mobile elements, extent of genome reduction, metabolic capabilities, and transporter profiles. The presence of 83 pseudogenes displays an ongoing process of gene degradation. Unlike other obligate intracellular bacteria, 32 insertion sequences are found dispersed in the chromosome, indicating some plasticity in the C. burnetii genome. These analyses suggest that the obligate intracellular lifestyle of C. burnetii may be a relatively recent innovation.