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Showing papers on "Psychographic published in 2021"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 on global consumer traits, buying patterns, global interconnectedness and psychographic behavior, and other marketing activi...
Abstract: This paper reviews the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 on global consumer traits, buying patterns, global interconnectedness and psychographic behavior, and other marketing activi...

232 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Matched messages led to increased intentions to engage with the post when they addressed specific persuasive susceptibilities (particularly toward authority influence), but there were no consistent effects on consumers' attitudes toward the advertised products.

53 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a theoretical framework of consumers' purchase intention of energy efficient home appliances and found that consumers' knowledge of eco-labels, environmental concern and perceived consumer effectiveness are the important predictors of purchase intention.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to develop a theoretical framework of consumers’ purchase intention of energy efficient home appliances.,Non-probability quota based on age and education and purposive sampling technique have been used to assess data collected by a questionnaire survey.,The findings of the study reveal that consumers’ knowledge of eco-labels, environmental concern and perceived consumer effectiveness are the important predictors of purchase intention. However, the positive relationship between green trust and products’ functional value was found insignificant. It is believed that consumers’ are skeptical about products’ functional benefits.,Although this study has presented a holistic approach to assess consumer purchase intention for energy-efficient home appliances, there are some limitations of the current study. First, this study has focused on consumer intention to purchase energy-efficient home appliances rather than actual purchase of appliances. Ajzen (1991) argued that intention is the accurate and immediate measure of actual, but gaps exist between intention and the actual behavior of the consumers (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980). Consumers’ intentions may not always result in actual behavior. Thus, to expand research applicability, researchers should include actual behavior of consumers by conducting interviews or collecting data from the same consumers after an interval of three to six months. Second, the study has focused on consumers’ psychographic variables, there may be many other factors such as technological variables, government and pressure group influence and media impact on consumer intention to purchase energy-efficient home appliances. Future studies can integrate the impact of these potential variables on consumer purchase intention of energy-efficient home appliances with the same model. The third limitation is related to the methodology of this study, the quantitative method has been used in this study. Future studies may use qualitative and mixed methods to better understand consumers’ inclination of purchase intention of energy-efficient home appliances in Pakistan. Besides, a qualitative study will be helpful to explore new variables that are essential in the decision-making of consumers for the purchase of energy-efficient home appliances in Pakistan. Pakistan is a developing country where the majority of the people are belonging to the middle-class; there may be many other important factors that affect consumers’ purchase intention of energy-efficient home appliances. Therefore, an in-depth qualitative study would be helpful to explore those variables in the context of a developing country.,Energy consumption has posed serious threats to the sustainability of the environment and endangered the lives of many species across the globe. Environmental degradation due to unsustainable consumptions has provided ample opportunities to the marketers that led to the development of sustainable products such as energy-efficient home appliances. In this study, the antecedent of purchase intention of energy-efficient appliances includes attitude, functional values, perceived consumer effectiveness, consumers’ knowledge of eco-labels, environmental concern and green trust. Although researchers have extended TBP to predict consumers’ purchase intention of energy-efficient appliances, studies lack to provide a holistic view from consumers’ perspective. Consumers’ concern for the safety of the environment depicts consumers tendency to purchase environmentally friendly products and promote less hazardous products. Marketers should incorporate environmentally friendly benefits to the product that serve to attract maximum consumers and maintain harmony with the environment. Consumers’ knowledge of eco-labels, green trust and functional values are a vital construct that needs focus in term of the energy-efficient appliances purchase decision. Eco-labels are one of the emerging marketing tools that serve to guide consumers related to products environmentally friendly attributes and contribute to the acceptability of products. Marketers can use eco-labels to differentiate green products from conventional and establishes consumers’ trust in product performance.,This study is relevant to energy-efficient home appliances. Systematic literature of previous studies suggested the need to conduct and examine the antecedents of energy-efficient home appliances in developing markets. This research highlights that perceived consumer effectiveness is the most influencing factor affecting intention. The implications of this study would be helpful in understanding consumers’ behavior toward the purchase of green products in developing markets.

30 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the consumer decision-making styles which are prevalent among Indian Millennials and Generation Z e-shoppers, and how significantly they differ from one another on each of those decisionmaking attributes.
Abstract: Young consumers are recognized as an important and lucrative segment for the businesses across the globe While initial steps have been taken to understand them, majority of the existing works consider both Millennials and Generation Z as a single and homogeneous market segment The purpose of this study is to explore the consumer decision-making styles which are prevalent among Indian Millennials and Generation Z e-shoppers, and how significantly they differ from one another on each of those decision-making attributes,This exploratory study used the generational cohort theory (GCT) as a framework The psychographic statements (Questionnaire items) employed were adopted from several past researches on store orientation and catalog orientation, and they were rephrased to suit to the context of Indian online shopping The principal components factor analysis with promax rotation has been used to unearth the underlying decision-styles among 503 survey participants Subsequently, the ANOVA model was run to examine the mean differences between the cohorts,The factor analysis has revealed that frugality (Price), convenience (Home) and social desirableness are the most dominant shopping orientations (decision-styles) that prevail among Indian (Millennials and Generation Z) online shoppers though in varying degrees The probing of ANOVA results suggested that, though both the cohorts favor e-shopping, Generation Z are more enthusiastic about online shopping than their Millennial counterparts do,Though Generation Z and Millennials share few characteristics between them, they exhibit different consumer behaviors Marketers need to customize their value offerings and marketing communications that resonate well with each generational cohort,Almost all the existing research works that have been conducted so far on generational cohorts are from Western and European countries and one could confidently say that those findings cannot be applied for the developing nations such as India which is a complex and diverse country in terms of its language, custom, religion and practices with troublesome pasts Moreover, this is the first empirical work to be conducted to unearth the generational differences that exist between Generation Z and Millennials to the best of authors' knowledge

26 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors examined the influence of consumer psychographic traits on trust in CRM campaign and its resulting impact on intention to donate money to non-profit organizations.

17 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
10 Feb 2021
TL;DR: In recent years, esports have grown from a small number of local gaming activities undertaken by a few recreational participants to a multi-billion dollar industry with professional leagues, franchised games, and professional game publishers as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In recent years, esports have grown from a small number of local gaming activities undertaken by a few recreational participants to a multi-billion dollar industry with professional leagues, franch...

16 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
23 Jul 2021
TL;DR: Gajic et al. as discussed by the authors found that people are most afraid of infection during travel, and lack of funds and job loss during the critical period of the 2011 SARS pandemic.
Abstract: Purpose: During the pandemic, two types of fear were identified that occur significantly in all groups or profiles of people. The aim of this paper is to determine which of the two types of fears exist in certain psychological groups, and which of the fears strongly influence the decision to travel. Design/methodology/approach: The VALS 2 method and standardized questionnaire were used for the segmentation of the tourist market or for the determination of the psychographic profiles of the consumers, and three additional questions were joined to it as they were vital for the research of the type of fear and its impact on the decision for traveling. When the reliability of the questionnaire and the validity of the sample were determined, the data were further processed using a computer program package IMB AMOS SPSS 21.00, and then, based on the theoretical suppositions and hypotheses, the SEM structural model was created. Findings: The paper indicates the existence of established types of fears in humans, when it comes to pandemics and similar crisis situations. People are most afraid of infection during travel, and lack of funds and job loss during the critical period of the pandemic. The research conducted confirms that all groups of people, who are determined by the psychological technique VALS 2, react with a certain dose of fear and make decisions under the pressure of fears. Research limitations/implications: The research had limitations in terms of contact with people and conducting live surveys. The measures during the pandemic, which were carried out by the state, included social distance and limited movement of people. Practical implications: The work can contribute to the community, along with similar research. The results of the research will be available, and it will be possible to see the behavior of people during crisis situations, and the impact of fears on making decisions, both travel decisions and decisions related to other areas of life. Originality/value: The paper provides research results on a large sample of respondents, and can serve as a basis for further research in the field of tourism, psychology and similar fields. It is crucial to consider the type of fears, and the strength of the impact of these fears on the decision to travel, during crisis situations. © 2021, Tamara Gajic, Marko D. Petrovic, Ivana Blesic, Milan M. Radovanovic and Julia A. Syromiatnikova.

16 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed to integrate the marketing communication policy of baby food manufacturers and government policies in the field of fertility support in Ukraine, based on the principles of Foresight engineering for the social projects implementation.
Abstract: The concept of this work is based on the idea of the interrelation of socio-demographic factors and factors of enterprises strategic development (baby food producers) According to the key indicators, the main components identify the psychographic characteristics of baby food consumers Each factor included features with the highest factor load after geometric rotation by the Varimax method The most critical areas of social status, stereotypical representation, consumer standards are found, which signal urgent problems that can be solved only if efforts of public and private solutions are combined (Foresight design) Social PR projects are a possible solution for a long-term program to expand the domestic market for baby food The mechanism of implementation is to provide an opportunity for enterprises producing baby food products to participate in the implementation of national and regional programs to support fertility and family policy in Ukraine It is suggested to introduce the results of marketing analysis of psychographic segmentation of consumers of baby food products into Foresight-design programs The study proposes to integrate the marketing communication policy of baby food manufacturers and government policies in the field of fertility support in Ukraine, based on the principles of Foresight engineering for the social projects implementation

15 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: For example, this paper found that consumers who use supermarket catalogues are more likely to have one or more of these characteristics: price-consciousness, deal-proneness, low-income, and rarely switches brands.

12 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a choice experiment using choice-based conjoint analysis was conducted among a representative sample of Swiss electricity consumers, based on stated preferences for different product attributes, four consumer segments were identified.
Abstract: Incentives, both rewards and punishments, are effective instruments that have been embedded in electricity product designs to reduce electricity consumption. Reducing electricity consumption can considerably contribute to climate change mitigation. To better understand consumer preferences for incentive-based electricity products, a choice experiment using choice-based conjoint analysis was conducted among a rep-resentative sample of Swiss electricity consumers. Based on stated preferences for different product attributes, four consumer segments were identified. While two seg-ments (49.6%) stated preference for incentive-based products, two other segments were less accepting of incentive components (particularly of penalties). We further explain the segments' preferences using psychographic characteristics, combining measures from psychology and behavioral economics. Precisely, environmental values and emotions, energy saving intentions and motives, perceived product attrac-tiveness, as well as loss and risk aversion, and comparative optimism bias best described the segments. We align our findings with previous segmentation studies and argue for a stronger integration of behavioral economics in the environmental discourse. We further discuss the usefulness of consumer segmentation to develop tailored strategies that effectively target consumers' preferences and needs.

12 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors conducted a cross-cultural study of Mainland Chinese and United States (U.S.) seniors' personality traits and identified how they affect motivation, preferences, and sociodemography.
Abstract: This research aims to conduct a cross cultural study of Mainland Chinese and the United States (U.S.) seniors’ personality traits and identify how they affect motivation, preferences, sociodemograp...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a path analysis model was proposed to explain consumer attitude and behavior toward the promoted brand and the retailer store, which combines the effect of experiential marketing with psychographic characteristics, such as the tendency to socialize and extrinsic cues.
Abstract: Experiential marketing is a technique through which companies enhance their promotional marketing with extensive sensory and imagery appeal in order to intensify consumers' experience. The purpose of this current empirical study is to address this strategy and suggests a conceptual framework to explain consumer attitude and behavior toward the promoted brand and the retailer store. Consumers' psychographic characteristics were added to enhance the novelty of the study.,An experiential stimulating environment was created in a real retail store location. The study employs data collected during the experiential demonstration.,The path model suggests that the intensity of the experience evokes an affective response toward the promoted brand and an indirect response toward the hosting retailer. Psychographic characteristics, such as the tendency to socialize and extrinsic cues, were found to moderate the effect of experiential marketing.,Product manufacturers and suppliers can use experiential marketing techniques to improve affective and cognitive responses toward their products and brands. Experiential promotion should also be strategically encouraged by retailers because it creates a recreational shopping experience that enhances the retailer's image.,The study is among the few empirical works that examine real-life settings and the double impact of experiential marketing on brand image and the retailer's store image. The study contributes to the existing literature by suggesting a path analysis model toward brand and store images, which combines the effect of experiential marketing with psychographic characteristics.



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, older adults across Canada were surveyed about their demographic background, their feelings concerning confidence and proficiency in technology use, and how frequently they have felt isolated during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic presents an unprecedented situation in which physical distancing and "stay at home" orders have increased the pressures for social isolation. Critically, certain demographic factors have been linked to increased feelings of isolation and loneliness. These at-risk groups for social isolation may be disproportionately affected by the changes and restrictions that have been implemented to prevent viral spread. In our analysis, we sought to evaluate if perceived feelings of social isolation, during the COVID-19 pandemic, was related to demographic and technology-related psychographic characteristics. Older adults across Canada were surveyed about their demographic background, their feelings concerning confidence and proficiency in technology use, and how frequently they have felt isolated during the pandemic. In total 927 responses from Canadians over 65 years old, of varying demographic characteristics were collected. Our data shows that many older adults are feeling isolated "Often" or "Some of the time" in 2020, regardless of most demographic factors that have been previously associated with increased isolation risk. However, feelings of proficiency in using technology was an important factor affecting feelings of isolation. Given that technology proficiency is a modifiable factor, and remained significant after adjustment for demographic factors, future efforts to reduce social isolation should consider training programs for older adults to improve technology confidence, especially in an increasingly digital world.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Visitor research encapsulates data about visitors' socio-demographic and psychographic attributes; travel arrangements and pre-visit information; visitor use patterns at the destination; experience outcomes and visitation-related impacts as mentioned in this paper.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider two location-based augmented reality exergames (H Potter: Wizards Unite and Pokemon GO) and qualitatively map both psychographic and behavioral data to profile groups of players.
Abstract: Location-based augmented reality games, used in several smartphone devices, have the potential to improve health outcomes by transforming gaming from a sedentary leisure pursuit to an active leisure pursuit thus having positive physical, psychological and social implications. We consider two games, Harry Potter: Wizards Unite and Pokemon GO, by qualitatively mapping both psychographic and behavioral data to profile groups of players to fully understand how we can better design location-based augmented reality exergames to improve exercise and health. Data was collected through an online open-ended, text-box survey (proforma) hosted on Qualtrics, with participants reached via virtual snowballing. The proforma was posted on four subreddit forums dedicated to Harry Potter: Wizards Unite and Pokemon GO for two weeks, and 1052 participants responded. Our study aligns with a deductive category application, with all highlighted excerpts coded using a predetermined coding scheme. Overall, three themes were identified: 1) Player Loyalty, 2) Player Involvement and 3) Player Constraints. We conclude that psychographic constraints experienced can negatively influence player preference and behavior. However, psychographic enablers such as player involvement with the franchise and player loyalty toward the brand can act to sustain continued gameplay across different player types and should not be underestimated as a powerful influence in decision-making, choice behavior, and behavior change (to improve exercise and health).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors characterize several wine consumer segments who were "likely" to sample wine from vineyards using cover crops, a sustainable production practice that reduces herbicide applications, and identify those with a greater probability of being a viable target market based on survey responses.
Abstract: Purpose This study aims to characterize several wine consumer segments who were “likely” to sample (i.e. taste before purchasing) wine from vineyards using cover crops, a sustainable production practice that reduces herbicide applications, and identify those with a greater probability of being a viable target market based on survey responses. Design/methodology/approach A total of 956 wine consumers from the Mid-Atlantic and boarding US states were separated into segments based on an ECHAID (exhaustive Chi-square automatic interaction detector) classification tree from internet survey responses. Findings Out of the 12 created segments, 6 (n = 530, 72% of training data) contained participants who were at least 1.02 times (index score =102%) more “likely” to try the wine compared to the overall sample and were willing to pay $18.99 for a 750-mL bottle of the wine, which included a $1 surcharge to cover associated production costs. Of these, three (n = 195, 26%) had the greatest potential for which a marketing plan could be developed (index scores of 109%–121%), with over half in each segment willing to pay $20.99 for the bottle of wine, which could motivate growers to consider implementing this sustainable strategy. Originality/value Although several segments of participants were “likely” to sample the sustainably produced wine, an ECHAID classification tree allowed us to identify participants who would not pay $18.99 for a 750-mL bottle of wine, even after learning about the use of cover crops and the trade-off ($1 bottle surcharge). By narrowing the number of potential “likely” segments to those with a greater potential of sampling the wine, more purposeful marketing strategies can be developed based on demographics, attitudes, and behaviors defined in the model.

Journal ArticleDOI
24 Nov 2021-Foods
TL;DR: In this article, a data set of 697 fruit consumers in Germany was retrieved in the time period of May to June 2020 and analyzed through exploratory factor analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis.
Abstract: Superfoods, former traditional foods that in some cases are now regarded as new healthy luxury food products (NHLFP), have been growing in popularity in high- and middle-income societies. Despite a growing interest in superfoods, a precise definition of NHLFP, which appears to mark a subcategory of superfoods, together with a comprehensive analysis of NHLFP consumer segments does not yet exist. This is of particular relevance to managers as profound knowledge of different consumer groups is a prerequisite for the use of marketing approaches such as social media marketing. Therefore, this research proposes and validates an NHLFP definition and investigates whether promising NHLFP consumer groups can be identified based on selected psychographic and sociodemographic consumer characteristics and whether these groups are also accessible through social media marketing. A data set of 697 fruit consumers in Germany was retrieved in the time period of May to June 2020 and analyzed through exploratory factor analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. Eleven factors and four consumer groups were identified, two of which represented favorable superfood consumer groups—one group consumed for intrinsic, health-related reasons rather than for luxury-driven motives, while the other showed tendencies to purchase superfoods for luxury reasons, thus emerging as a promising NHLFP target group. This group is relatively younger, well-educated, and highly receptive of online marketing.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, Tripathi et al. examined the tourist behavior of revisit to Goa and their destination loyalty using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to examine the pre and post-visit behaviors of tourists in Goa, and their tourist loyalty was tested with internal and external satisfaction factors and their influence on tourist satisfaction.

Journal ArticleDOI
12 Jun 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, an artificial intelligence-based decision support system was developed which utilized demographic, economic and psychographic factors for the accurate classification of potential buyers, which can help in developing an accurate market design and strategy for the sustainable growth of a company.
Abstract: Consumer behaviour is one of the most important and complex areas of research. It acknowledges the buying behaviour of consumer clusters towards any product, such as life insurance policies. Among various factors, the three most well-known determinants on which human conjecture depends for preferring a product are demographic, economic and psychographic factors, which can help in developing an accurate market design and strategy for the sustainable growth of a company. In this paper, the study of customer satisfaction with regard to a life insurance company is presented, which focused on comparing artificial intelligence-based, data-driven approaches to classical market segmentation approaches. In this work, an artificial intelligence-based decision support system was developed which utilises the aforementioned factors for the accurate classification of potential buyers. The novelty of this paper lies in developing supervised machine learning models that have a tendency to accurately identify the cluster of potential buyers with the help of demographic, economic and psychographic factors. By considering a combination of the factors that are related to the demographic, economic and psychographic elements, the proposed support vector machine model and logistic regression model-based decision support systems were able to identify the cluster of potential buyers with collective accuracies of 98.82% and 89.20%, respectively. The substantial accuracy of a support vector machine model would be helpful for a life insurance company which needs a decision support system for targeting potential customers and sustaining its share within the market.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, tourists' actual spending in the course of their vacations in Cyprus is explored, and a two-step cluster analysis is utilized to develop an expenditure-based segmentation profile with the aim of exploring the spending behavior of tourists.
Abstract: An alternative to the specificities of geographic, socio-economic/demographic, and psychographic modes, expenditure-based segmentation, a behavioral approach, provides the ideal avenue for exploring tourist spending patterns and behavior. Reflecting the idiosyncrasies of a small island destination, this study explores tourists' actual spending in the course of their vacations in Cyprus. A two-step cluster analysis is utilized to develop an expenditure-based segmentation profile with the aim of exploring the spending behavior of tourists. Furthermore, econometric modeling reveals each cluster's effect on the relevant expenditure categories, and the net impact of the cost of package on spending at the destination. Noteworthy, expenditure at the destination is dissected into seven categories, thus providing a more thorough overview of tourist behavior. Findings reveal a five-cluster solution that profiles the spending behavior of package travelers, whereas segment comparisons highlight significant implications for local tourism stakeholders, on both the operational and strategic levels.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a qualitative survey of attendees to the Mandela 100: Global Citizen Festival in South Africa in 2018 revealed that an AID-typology applies to benefit concert attendees: advocates, inspirers and discoverers.
Abstract: This exploratory study aims to show that events can create awareness and facilitate behavioural change among attendees. Festivals and events can use the United Nations sustainable development goals as drivers of societal change and business growth. Unfortunately, the attendees to a benefit concert have not been investigated to date. This study fills this gap by segmenting attendees to a benefit concert aimed at eradicating poverty.,A quantitative destination-based survey was undertaken at the Mandela 100: Global Citizen Festival in Johannesburg, South Africa, in 2018. A simple random sampling method was used within a stratified sampling method, and 408 questionnaires were obtained.,Three psychographic segmentation variables were used: motives for attending the event (novelty, escape and socialization and cause advocating); behavioural intentions and change as a result of attending the event (cognition and awareness, loyalty-related behaviour, active engagement and travel-related behaviour); and global causes aimed at eradicating poverty that attendees regard as important to support (social, sustainability, fiscal, fundamental and elevated prosperity). The results revealed three distinct segments, proposing that an AID-typology applies to benefit concert attendees: advocates, inspirers and discoverers. Each group has either a high, moderate or low level of commitment towards the festival’s and other global causes.,Practical implications are suggested as guidelines to encourage advocacy and active involvement for global causes.,This study was conducted from a developing country’s perspective and contextualizes the role that events can play in advocating for specific causes and encouraging citizens to get involved.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of psychographic and behavioral factors on the recruitment and retention of prospective students in higher education has been studied, focusing on the effects of demographics on student recruitment.
Abstract: Higher education has historically focused on demographics to target prospective students in recruitment and retention efforts. This study focuses on the effect of psychographic and behavioral eleme...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on branded functional beverages consumption in India will enable policymakers to craft food policies to uphold the noble cause of moulding a healthy generation and guide the food marketers to segment and position their functional food offerings in the post-pandemic scenario.
Abstract: Purpose: This conceptual paper aims to study the Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic’s impact on branded functional beverages consumption in India. There is a sincere effort to critically review the role of some vital determinants of consumer behaviour and to develop an integrated model for branded functional beverages consumption behaviour. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic and extensive literature review was performed by searching electronic databases relating to consumer acceptance and purchase behaviour of functional beverages in India from 2000 to 2021. This study also reviewed very recent literature on the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global consumer traits, buying behaviour, marketing trends and psychographic behaviour. Findings: The extensive review of the literature yielded results that shed light on some crucial factors propelling branded functional beverages’ consumption behaviour in India, especially in the COVID-19 scenario. Research limitations/implications: The study is based purely on a conceptual understanding of branded functional beverages’ consumption behaviour among Indian consumers. The conceptual framework proposed here results from the review of past literature. Therefore, the scientific world is invigorated to test further the implications presented in this study empirically. Practical implications: The conceptual framework proposed here concerning consumer behaviour in functional beverages would guide the food marketers to segment and position their functional food offerings, mainly beverage variants, in the post-pandemic scenario. Moreover, the study findings enable policymakers to craft food policies to uphold the noble cause of moulding a healthy generation. Originality/value: The COVID-19 pandemic has virtually shattered our food system and modified our associations with food in many different ways. The perception of health risks associated with COVID-19 might have influenced people’s food purchase and consumption behaviours. It is proposed that health-conscious people would prefer more health-promoting foods and beverages to strengthen their immunity. Several reports disclose that food consumers in India demand functional foods and beverages more extensively than before to include in their daily food basket. A detailed literature review revealed an evident shortage of research studies regarding consumer behaviour in functional beverages in India. No prior research works could be identified as to why consumers prefer functional beverages to benefit their overall health and immunity and what guides them to purchase or not to purchase such products, especially in the post-pandemic scenario. Therefore, this research work would be a primer that would guide future studies investigating consumers’ attitudes and purchasing behaviour of branded functional beverages. © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors found that 17.6% of consumers had never looked at an online consumer review (OCR) in the past 12 months and found that non-users tended to be male, older, less educated, less digitally literate, less extraverted, open, and neurotic.

Journal ArticleDOI
11 Apr 2021
TL;DR: Recommendations for the Perhentian Islands accommodation operator were to provide infrastructure to accommodate families for domestic market and marketing strategy that target Italians for the international market.
Abstract: Tourism receipt through visitors' spending is one of the contributors that stimulate the local economy. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the factors influencing these spending preferences. This study determines factors and average spending on accommodations using segmentation techniques for Perhentian Island's visitors. Determinant factors include demographic, trip-related, and psychographic characteristics. Data were collected through a survey and run for 929 visitors using two-step Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) analysis. The analysis produces a three-level regression tree and later a classification tree. The findings documented that, level 1 consisted of four segments and were segmented according to the country of origin (COO). Overall, the Italian is a segment that has the highest average spending. The fourth segment of level 1, namely Malaysia, branched out further to level 2 and level 3. These levels were segmented based on the number of dependents during the trip and length of stay, respectively. For domestic visitors, Malaysian with dependents on the trip spend the highest. Based on the results, recommendations for the Perhentian Islands accommodation operator were to provide infrastructure to accommodate families for domestic market and marketing strategy that target Italians for the international market. The results could also assist local authorities outlining tourism planning.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the research on wellbeing related to children and youth and highlight factors affecting the sense of wellbeing of these population groups, including social development theory, attachment theory, and ecological theory.
Abstract: This chapter focuses on the research on wellbeing related to children and youth. Several definitions of these subjective aspects of quality of life are discussed in relation to children of pre-school age, elementary school age, middle-school age, adolescents, and college students. There are at least three major theories employed by wellbeing researchers to explain how these different population groups experience a sense of wellbeing. These include social development theory, attachment theory, and ecological theory. The chapter also highlights factors affecting the sense of wellbeing of these population groups—situational factors, personality factors, demographic and psychographic factors, and socio-economic and socio-cultural factors. The chapter concludes with a discussion of indicators of children wellbeing and public policy implications.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The consistent association between regular physical exercise and positive health outcomes presents a compelling case for investigating the differences between individuals who exercise regularly and individuals who do not exercise regularly as mentioned in this paper, and the differences among individuals.
Abstract: The consistent association between regular physical exercise and positive health outcomes presents a compelling case for investigating the differences between individuals who exercise regularly and...

Journal ArticleDOI
10 Nov 2021-Foods
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the effects of a health star rating system on the attitudes of consumers and their purchase intentions towards beverage products sold in hospitality venues and found that health star ratings do have an impact on the willingness of consumers to purchase healthy beverages.
Abstract: This study examines the effects of a health star rating system on the attitudes of consumers and their purchase intentions towards beverage products sold in hospitality venues. Previous studies linking health ratings to the food and beverages of consumers mainly focus on fast-moving consumer goods and retail purchasing. However, purchasing patterns in hospitality and foodservice environments are distinct as consumers may be less concerned about health and more interested in the dining experience. Thus, this research focuses on: (1) whether the presence of health star ratings on beverage products influences the willingness of consumers to purchase in the context of the hospitality industry, and (2) identifying the demographic and psychographic factors influencing these behavioural intentions. Using Ordinary Least Squares regression to analyse data from an e-survey of 1021 consumers in Australia and New Zealand, the study found that health star ratings do have an impact on the willingness of consumers to purchase healthy beverages. Specifically, psychographic segmentation around ‘health goals’ is far more pertinent to understanding purchase behaviour in a hospitality setting than age, gender, income, or country. The findings present new insights into the importance of health star labelling on beverages and the purchase intentions of consumers.