Showing papers on "Psychological intervention published in 1972"
241 citations
01 Jan 1972
55 citations
TL;DR: Observation of the use of seclusion rooms on a university hospital psychiatric inpatient floor over a period of one year indicates that seclusion is an effective device for the control of the destructive behavior of a few schizophrenic, hypomanic, organically-impaired, and depressed patients.
Abstract: Observation of the use of seclusion rooms on a university hospital psychiatric inpatient floor over a period of one year indicates that seclusion is an effective device for the control of the destructive behavior of a few schizophrenic, hypomanic, organically-impaired, and depressed patients. During this period, 4% of the patients admitted were secluded. Fourteen of 15 secluded patients were discharged to their homes in eight weeks or less. Yet, the possibility remains that in a properly designed setting, with an adequately trained staff, more patients could be helped without recourse to seclusion. Further investigation is needed into means of providing help for the extremely agitated and violent patient who does not immediately respond to drugs or current methods of psychological intervention.
49 citations
TL;DR: A review of the research concerning the outcome of social work treatment is presented with respect to two client populations, and two points are pertinent to therapeutic interventions in social work.
Abstract: Questions associated with developing a therapeutic technology are considered. A review of the research concerning the outcome of social work treatment is presented with respect to two client populations. Diflerences in types of treatment employed with each population are considered. Finally, given the population and the type of therapeutic intervention, issues are raised and evaluations made about the adequacy of outcome research in the particular area of interest. THE standard review-of-outcome research (Eysenck, 1952, 1961, 1965) has tended to approach the literature methodologically-i.e., by considering various studies in terms of the validity of inferences that might be drawn on the basis of the results they present. Methodologically speaking, two points are pertinent to therapeutic interventions in social work (more specifically, with respect to the given types of therapeutic interventions with the specific client populations delineated below). The
47 citations
41 citations
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25 citations
TL;DR: It was predicted that the shorter the delay between a client's application for treatment and the first scheduled interview, the more successful the intervention in terms of the interview's actually taking place and the likelihood of the client's improving at the termination of therapy.
24 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: One that the authors will refer to break the boredom in reading is choosing behavior modification with children as the reading material.
Abstract: Introducing a new hobby for other people may inspire them to join with you. Reading, as one of mutual hobby, is considered as the very easy hobby to do. But, many people are not interested in this hobby. Why? Boring is the reason of why. However, this feel actually can deal with the book and time of you reading. Yeah, one that we will refer to break the boredom in reading is choosing behavior modification with children as the reading material.
TL;DR: In this article, a combination of factor analysis and multiple discriminant analysis yielded three distinct and highly interpretable groups: those concerned with learning, remediation (therapy), or expanded experiencing.
Abstract: Training and encounter groups are today markedly divergent, despite a common core of values at their inception. One hundred and thirty-eight experienced group leaders' responses to a questionnaire and interaction scenarios were evaluated in terms of preferred goals, values, interventions, and demographic indicators. A combination of factor analysis and multiple discriminant analysis yielded three distinct and highly interpretable groups: those concerned with learning, remediation (therapy), or expanded experiencing. The aim of each differs-social effectiveness, personality integration, or expressiveness. Intervention strategies differ accordingly: The learning-centered (A) trainer tries to highlight group and interpersonal conflicts rather than intraor interpersonal conflicts. The remedial (B) leader's closest referent is group psychotherapy. The expanded experiencing (C) type is more diffuse in purpose, but more concrete in modeling sensory awareness and expressiveness exercises. These positions are asso...
TL;DR: In the pressure to quantify certain aspects of human behavior for scientific investigation, the essentially human or spiritual qualities of the person are de-emphasized, at times forgotten as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: In the pressure to quantify certain aspects of human behavior for scientific investigation, the essentially human or spiritual qualities of the person are de-emphasized, at times forgotten. Many behavioral and social scientists have moved toward the development and use of standardized instruments to measure mental status, which can easily be applied to large numbers of patients-now, it is suggested, to large numbers of non-patients living in the community. The data are easily processed, scored, graphed and otherwise analyzed by computer methods.
TL;DR: The problems they encountered on entering the mental health field and the characteristics of their work situations that provided, or failed to provide, them with a feeling of satisfaction in their new roles are discussed.
Abstract: This paper presents and discusses extensive data obtained from 30 employed graduates of associate-degree programs in mental health. Some biographical data are included along with a summary of their objectives as mental health workers and their perception of the relevancy of their training to these objectives. Further, information is presented relative to the utilization of these mental health associates by agencies and institutions. The problems they encountered on entering the mental health field and the characteristics of their work situations that provided, or failed to provide, them with a feeling of satisfaction in their new roles are discussed.
TL;DR: One especially notable case is that of Hong Kong, which provides some of the more persuasive evidence about the independent effects of family planning intervention.
Abstract: In both developed and underdeveloped areas, many attempts have been made to alter the course of fertility through family planning intervention. Doubtless the availability of such services facilitates birth control for those who already desire to use it. Whether or not such exogenous interventions have any independent effect upon the operation of endogenous forces in the economy and society is, however, more problematical. Where fertility declines have been observed, family planning services have often been made widely available only after the decline in fertility had already set in. Nonetheless, observers have often attempted to attribute some fraction of the continuing decline in fertility to the operation of family planning activities. One especially notable case is that of Hong Kong, which provides some of the more persuasive evidence about the independent effects of family planning intervention.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The community mental health center has not succeeded in becoming inductor of catalytic agent in the growth of its patients, nor has it become significantly involved with the community as a scrcla1 system, but new hope has begun to appear.
Abstract: Twenty to twenty-five years ago, the Community Mental Health Center (CHMC), had scarcely been heard of. Today, it is indeed a movement, and apparently widespread. A total of ten services considered to be necessary to provide adequate mental health services: (1) in patient, (2) out-patient, (3) partial hospitalization, (4) emergency, (5) consultation, (6) diagn1ostic, (7) rehabilitative, (8) precare and aftercare, (9) training, (10) research and evaluation services. This Concept of Community Mental Health would include as many community agents as possible in co-operative efforts. To the average educated layman, and, unfortunately to most mental health practitioners the community mental health care has become synonymous with the provision of mere psycho-therapy. The community mental health center has not succeeded in becoming inductor of catalytic agent in the growth of its patients, nor has it become significantly involved with the community as a scrcla1 system. These are grim facts. But new hope has begun to appear. It is contained in four revolutions now under way – revolutions in understanding, in research, in nu1ternal and child care and in education for mental health.
TL;DR: A point of view is developed which sees large-scale programs (for example, Head Start and Job Corps) as phase specific interventions having significant mental health relevance.
Abstract: In recent years a number of programs have been developed to deal with various aspects of the lives of poor children and adolescents (for example, preschool education and job training). This paper reviews selected programs in order to examine their potential significance with respect to psychiatry and mental health. It conceptualizes the manner in which such programmatic interventions foster psychological growth and reach children who have been unreachable by more conventional mental health techniques. The paper develops a point of view which sees large-scale programs (for example, Head Start and Job Corps) as phase specific interventions having significant mental health relevance.
TL;DR: This paper is an attempt to look at mental health consultation from a variety of different points of view to distinguish it from clinical consultation and direct services to patients and to relate it to mental health and mental illness, social handicap, and social functioning.
Abstract: This paper is an attempt to look at mental health consultation from a variety of different points of view; to distinguish it from clinical consultation and direct services to patients; to relate it to mental health and mental illness, social handicap, and social functioning; to program goals and caretaker populations; and, finally, to discuss evaluation both in terms of current studies and future needs.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors offer a brief introduction to some of the basic tenets of Gestalt therapy, noting goals that are similar to those in counseling theories and discuss their applications.
Abstract: Much interest has been focused on Gestalt therapy in recent years. Many counselors, however, are unfamiliar with this style of therapeutic intervention. The author offers a brief introduction to some of the basic tenets of Gestalt therapy, noting goals that are similar to those in counseling theories. He also suggests several interventions from Gestalt therapy to be considered for group counseling and discusses their applications.
TL;DR: All of these forces, and perhaps many more, acting together over time will bring drastic changes in mental health care.
Abstract: A NUMBER of existing forces must be taken into account when attempts are made to predict changes in mental health practice in the coming years. They include the increasing demand for services from mental health, social welfare, and community agencies; the failure of current therapeutic approaches; changing public attitudes; and more sophisticated approaches to administration of mental health facilities. All of these forces, and perhaps many more, acting together over time will bring drastic changes in mental health care. The predicdons I make here are based partly on a realistic analysis and largely on wish-fulfilling dreams. The first force to be considered is the increasing demand for mental health services. The insufficient number of highly trained personnel, particularly psychiatrists, has already brought an evolution in staffing patterns of mental health programs. Both nonprofessionals and professionals from a wide variety of disciplines are carrying out many functions once considered the domain of a specific professional group. Role-blurring is so extensive that disciplines are becoming almost of secondary importance in staff recruitment, pushed aside by considerations such as personality, experience, color, and ethnic background. There is growing use of nonprofessional workers who have relatively brief training in specialized areas such as drug abuse, abortion counseling, and suicide prevention. The failure of traditional therapeutic approaches points up the clear necessity of finding more productive ways to care for the emotionally disturbed. The social disability resulting from prolonged institutionalization has become widely recognized and deplored.1 The inpatient therapeutic communities of the fifties and sixties have failed to
TL;DR: Ways for maintaining mental health in old age are discussed; there is no specific pattern after age 65, but the preventive aspects of psychiatry should be increasingly stressed.
Abstract: This period of rapid change in our society engenders much psychological stress for the elderly. Ways for maintaining mental health in old age are discussed. A fundamental factor in modern management is the recognition that the emotional problems of the aged are the same as those in younger persons; there is no specific pattern after age 65. The preventive aspects of psychiatry should be increasingly stressed.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Here-and-now groups present common events that demand specific responses from leaders if movement toward desired goals is to occur and these events and explicit interventions that are useful in leading these groups are described.
Abstract: Here-and-now groups present common events that demand specific responses from leaders if movement toward desired goals is to occur. This article describes some of these events and explicit interventions that are useful in leading these groups.