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Psychotropic drug

About: Psychotropic drug is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2309 publications have been published within this topic receiving 54070 citations.


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TL;DR: To determine whether gender bias exists in recent drug advertisements, a frequency analysis was performed of all psychotropic drug advertisements appearing in American Journal of Psychiatry and American Family Physician between 1986 and 1989.
Abstract: Differences in patterns of prescribing psychotropic drugs for men and women have been well documented, especially in antidepressants and anxiolitics. One explanation offered is that physicians are influenced by gender stereotyping in pharmaceutical drug advertisements. It is argued that if drug ads display disproportionately more women than men, or if they portray women only as helpless, depressed, and incompetent, cultural stereotypes are reinforced, so that physicians may be likely to diagnose and treat women differently from men. To determine whether gender bias exists in recent drug advertisements, a frequency analysis was performed of all psychotropic drug advertisements appearing in American Journal of Psychiatry (AJP) and American Family Physician (AFP) between 1986 and 1989. Since females are depressed twice as commonly as males in the general population, it was expected that twice as many antidepressant ads would depict females. The study found that the actual ratio of females to males in antidep...

25 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Spiperone, a psychotropic drug, is identified as a novel Wnt inhibitor, which specifically blocks canonical Wnt signaling prior to the activation of β-catenin.
Abstract: Wnt signaling affects fundamental development pathways by regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling promotes the development of several cancers and is an attractive target for chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents. In order to identify the novel antagonists for the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, we employed a cell-based Wnt reporter system (TOPflash) to screen a library of 960 known drugs. We identified spiperone, a psychotropic drug, as a novel Wnt inhibitor, which specifically blocks canonical Wnt signaling prior to the activation of β-catenin. The Wnt inhibitory function of spiperone is not associated with its dopamine-, serotonin- and sigma-receptor antagonist properties. Instead, spiperone increases intracellular calcium levels in a similar manner to thapsigargin, that also impedes Wnt signal transduction. Inhibition of protein kinase C had no effect on spiperone-mediated antagonism of Wnt signaling. Spiperone is a calcium regulator. It inhibits Wnt signaling by enhancing intracellular calcium levels.

25 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results from this study proved the existence of alcohol and psychotropic drugs in the victims of road traffic accidents, indicating an association between the uses of these substances in accident involvement.

25 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The paper considers the changes in the risks and benefits associated with the use of psychotropic medicines in clinical practice, calling for greater attention to the changes that can occur in the risk—benefit equation in clinical contexts.
Abstract: This paper examines an area risk that is not very widely discussed by clinicians and commentators: the risks to those with mental health problems arising from the psychotropic medicines they are prescribed. Psychotropic drug technologies have become increasingly important in the treatment of a very wide range of mental health problems. Yet notwithstanding their value in some instances, their use poses considerable risks to patients. The paper begins by considering the concept of risk and some theoretical ideas about technology and risk that inform the subsequent analysis. This is followed by a discussion of the increasing use of psychotropic medications and the nature of the risk—benefit assessments that are made of such medications at the stage of formal drug approval. Finally, the paper considers the changes in the risks and benefits associated with the use of psychotropic medicines in clinical practice, calling for greater attention to the changes that can occur in the risk—benefit equation in clinical...

25 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Findings demonstrate that an antidepressant directly and potently inhibits adipocyte lipid storage and differentiation, which could contribute to psychotropic drug side effects on energy homeostasis.
Abstract: Change in body weight is a frequent side effect of antidepressants and is considered to be mediated by central effects on food intake and energy expenditure. The antidepressant phenelzine (Nardil) potently inhibits both monoamine oxidase and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activities, two enzymes that are highly expressed in adipose tissue, raising the possibility that it could directly alter adipocyte biology. Treatment with this compound is rather associated with weight gain. The aim of this work was to examine the effects of phenelzine on differentiation and metabolism of cultured human and mouse preadipocytes and to characterize the mechanisms involved in these effects. In all preadipocyte models, phenelzine induced a time- and dose-dependent reduction in differentiation and triglyceride accumulation. Modulation of lipolysis or glucose transport was not involved in phenelzine action. This effect was supported by the reduced expression in the key adipogenic transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-alpha, which was observed only at the highest drug concentrations (30-100 microM). The PPAR-gamma agonists thiazolidinediones did not reverse phenelzine effects. By contrast, the reduction in both cell triglycerides and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) was detectable at lower phenelzine concentrations (1-10 microM). Phenelzine effect on triglyceride content was prevented by providing free fatty acids to the cells and was partially reversed by overexpression of a dominant-positive form of SREBP-1c, showing the privileged targeting of the lipogenic pathway. When considered together, these findings demonstrate that an antidepressant directly and potently inhibits adipocyte lipid storage and differentiation, which could contribute to psychotropic drug side effects on energy homeostasis.

25 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202332
202268
202175
202058
201960
201876