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Psychotropic drug

About: Psychotropic drug is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2309 publications have been published within this topic receiving 54070 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The importance of psychotropic drug interactions has become increasingly evident in recent years and it is important for the clinician to be aware of the basic principles that govern drug interactions.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 1985-Peptides
TL;DR: A trophic role for some neuropeptides as well as neuroteratological effects upon perinatal manipulation for others were revealed, and the current state is summarized in this paper.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an international panel of psychiatric experts on the pharmacotherapy of the anxiety and depressive disorders (N = 73) was constituted on the basis of progressive peer nominations, and the peer selection process began with primary nominators from 44 countries.
Abstract: Although clinical experience influences psychotropic drug treatment world-wide, it has been underutilized because it has not been systematically gathered and widely disseminated. An international survey was conducted to help remedy this situation. One of the major objectives was to develop a representative body of expert judgment and opinion on the clinical use of benzodiazepines in relation to other psychotherapeutic medications that might be used for the same purposes. A select international panel of psychiatric experts on the pharmacotherapy of the anxiety and depressive disorders (N = 73) was constituted on the basis of progressive peer nominations. The peer selection process began with primary nominators from 44 countries. Judgments and opinions about psychotherapeutic medications were elicited from the Expert Panel via a self-administered questionnaire. Completion rate: 90 per cent (66/73). Outcomes bear directly on current therapeutic and regulatory concerns. Topics addressed include: special indications for use, abuse liability, dependence potential, duration of treatment, high-risk treatments, and adverse effects. Although sometimes divided, agreement was generally high and indicative of a good benefit to risk ratio for the benzodiazepines. Expert judgments were more positive than would have been anticipated from media reports, public concern, and recent regulatory postures. The following inferences can be drawn from this body of expert judgment and opinion: (1) qualitative differences in abuse liability among the benzodiazepines are minimal; (2) physical dependence at therapeutic doses is not a major clinical problem; (3) when physical dependence occurs, it can be readily managed clinically by the treating physician; (4) the relative abuse liability of the benzodiazepines as a class is low. These expert evaluations do not support or justify the imposition of stronger or differential restrictions on the benzodiazepines. The data help define the reasonable limits within which clinical guidelines and regulatory mandates can be meaningfully promulgated.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of dopamine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), 3-methoxytyramine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), 5-HIAA, homovanillic acid and tryptophan has been developed and applied to mouse frontal cortex, caudate nucleus and dorsal raphe assays.
Abstract: A new rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of dopamine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), 3-methoxytyramine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), homovanillic acid and tryptophan has been developed and applied to mouse frontal cortex, caudate nucleus and dorsal raphe assays. A dual coulometric detector was used with detection at +0.25 and +0.55 V, which allowed the determination of tryptophan. Detection limits for all compounds (0.8-9.0 pg per injection, depending on the compounds) were useful for this application. Owing to great sensitivity of the method, the brain tissue samples can be very small, less than 2 mg. Linearity of standards was excellent (r > 0.999 in all cases). Intraday and interday precisions for samples analytes were generally acceptable (intraday assay CV 90%. Attention was paid to stability of standard and sample analytes when stored at +4 degrees C or at -70 degrees C with two different homogenizing agents (0.1 M HClO4 with 10(-7) M ascorbic acid and 0.05 M HClO4 without ascorbic acid). This simple, rapid and efficient method can be used as a basic research tool for modification of brain neurotransmitters in experimental pharmacological protocols for following psychotropic drug treatments in animals.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Antidepressants differentially affect expression levels of complexin I and more prominently complexin II and syntaxin 1A and previous post-mortem findings reporting on downregulation of complexins cannot be explained as mere effects of psychotropic drug treatment.
Abstract: Disturbance of synaptic transmission is currently viewed as an important pathophysiological mechanism and therapeutic target of mood disorders. Amongst other lines of evidence this theory is based on human post-mortem investigations showing differential expression of complexins. In order to discriminate between molecular correlates of the disease itself and effects of psychotropic drugs given to patients, we performed an animal trial using subchronic antidepressant treatment. Cohorts of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated over a period of 14 days with intraperitoneal injections of either saline (0.9%, n=8), desipramine (15 mg/kg, n=7), fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, n=8), or tranylcypromine (10 mg/kg, n=5). Brain slices were used for in situ hybridizations with 35S labelled RNA probes of the genes complexin I, complexin II and syntaxin 1 A, the SNARE complex protein interacting with the complexins, and assessed semi-quantitatively for region-specific expression levels. Expression of complexin I was induced only in habenular nuclei after treatment with fluoxetine. In contrast, complexin II was significantly induced by desipramine and tranylcypromine, but not fluoxetine, in several brain regions. All treatment groups, but most significantly fluoxetine-treated animals, showed higher expression levels of syntaxin 1A. Antidepressants differentially affect expression levels of complexin I and more prominently complexin II and syntaxin 1A. The induction of complexin II and syntaxin 1A might strengthen the synaptic transmission at axo-dendritic or axo-axonal synapses. Previous post-mortem findings reporting on downregulation of complexins cannot be explained as mere effects of psychotropic drug treatment.

22 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202332
202268
202175
202058
201960
201876