Topic
Psychotropic drug
About: Psychotropic drug is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2309 publications have been published within this topic receiving 54070 citations.
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TL;DR: Psychotropic drug interactions assessed through quantitative pharmaco-EEG can be viewed according to the broad underlying objective of the study: safety-oriented (ketoprofen/theophylline, lorazepam/-diphenhydramine, granisetron/haloperidol), strictly pharmacologically-oriented(benzodiazepine receptors), or broadly neuro-physiologically- oriented (diazepam/buspirone).
Abstract: A drug interaction refers to an event in which the usual pharmacological effect of a drug is modified by other factors, most frequently additional drugs. When two drugs are administered simultaneously, or within a short time of each other, an interaction can occur that may increase or decrease the intended magnitude or duration of the effect of one or both drugs. Drugs may interact on a pharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic basis. Pharmacodynamic interactions arise when the alteration of the effects occurs at the site of action. This is a wide field where not only interactions between different drugs are considered but also drug and metabolites (midazolam/alpha-hydroxy-midazolam), enantiomers (ketamine), as well as phenomena such as tolerance (nordiazepam) and sensitization (diazepam). Pharmacodynamic interactions can result in antagonism or synergism and can originate at a receptor level (antagonism, partial agonism, down-regulation, up-regulation), at an intraneuronal level (transduction, uptake), or at an interneuronal level (physiological pathways). Alternatively, psychotropic drug interactions assessed through quantitative pharmaco-EEG can be viewed according to the broad underlying objective of the study: safety-oriented (ketoprofen/theophylline, lorazepam/diphenhydramine, granisetron/haloperidol), strictly pharmacologically-oriented (benzodiazepine receptors), or broadly neuro-physiologically-oriented (diazepam/buspirone). Methodological issues are stressed, particularly drug plasma concentrations, dose-response relationships and time-course of effects (fluoxetine/buspirone), and unsolved questions are addressed (yohimbine/caffeine, hydroxizyne/alcohol).
11 citations
TL;DR: The aim was to investigate whether the information in promotional brochures presented to healthcare professionals in the Nepal by pharmaceutical representatives complied with the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for brochures.
Abstract: Major marketing tool used by pharmaceutical companies in the Nepal is direct-to-healthcare professional marketing utilizing promotional drug information brochures. The aim was to investigate whether the information in promotional brochures presented to healthcare professionals in the Nepal by pharmaceutical representatives complied with the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for brochures. This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in the Psychiatric outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary care hospital at Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal. A total of seventy one drugs promotional brochures were analyzed according to the WHO Guidelines during the study period. General information like name(s) of the active ingredient(s) using either international nonproprietary names (INN) or the approved generic name of the drug was mentioned on most of advertisements (n=62, 87.32%). Only 88.73% (n=63) brochure contained amount of active ingredient(s) per dosage form while none of the brochure contained other ingredients known to cause problems. Approved therapeutic indications and safety profile like side effects or major adverse drug reactions were outlined in 83.10% (n=59) and 11.27% (n=8) of promotional drug brochures respectively. This study highlights the need of healthcare professionals in the Nepal to remain cautious about promotional material presented by pharmaceutical representatives. Keywords : brochures; evaluation; pharmaceutical; promotional.
11 citations
TL;DR: The results of the study indicate the need for closer cooperation between doctors of various specialties when caring for patients with epilepsy and their proconvulsive potential and the risk of interactions with antiepileptic drugs.
11 citations
TL;DR: This quality improvement initiative led to a significant decrease in the use of psychotropic drugs in the INH, even after 1-year follow-up, even though education only had a limited effect.
Abstract: Introduction: Government-funded quality improvement projects aimed to reduce the high psychotropic medication use in Belgian long-term care settings.Design: A pilot project (2013–2014) with a pre–post and follow-up intervention design.Methods: Two nursing homes received three educational courses. In the intervention nursing home (INH) additionally, a transition towards person-centred care through professional support was applied. Drug use was recorded at baseline, after 10 months (post) and after 22 months (follow-up), and coded into the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification.Results: At baseline, the INH residents’ (n = 118) mean age at baseline was 82 years, with 71% females. The control nursing home residents’ (CNH, n = 275) mean age was 82.7 years, with 75% females. At baseline, mean drug use was 9 (range 1–21) and 8 (range 0–20), predominantly with a high proportion of psychotropic drug users of 73 and 65%, in INH and CNH respectively. At the time of post-measurement, only the proportion of h...
11 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that although there is no theoretical justification, observed spectacular and long-lasting recoveries in some individual cases of chronic schizophrenia should compel the therapist to try ECT and psychotropic drug combinations, merely because of recent theories which conceptualize the depression as a cholinergic dominance.
11 citations