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Psychotropic drug

About: Psychotropic drug is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2309 publications have been published within this topic receiving 54070 citations.


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Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1977
TL;DR: Variability in response to drug treatment often makes it difficult to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of psychotropic drugs and to utilize them correctly in clinical practice.
Abstract: Variability in response to drug treatment often makes it difficult to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of psychotropic drugs and to utilize them correctly in clinical practice. Over the past 30 years, such variability has led to a still-growing and rather confusing body of knowledge relating to such issues as environment, personality characteristics of patients and of doctors, attitude, expectations, and related concepts, all of which have been described as capable of influencing drug responses (Forrest et al., 1967; Freund et al., 1972; Klerman, 1963; Heimann, 1969; McNair et al, 1970a,b; Overall et al., 1969).

11 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
10 Jan 1972-JAMA
TL;DR: The public health paradigm of three interacting systems, agent, host, and environment, is utilized as an explanatory framework to focus on complex psychosocial factors in psychotropic drug misuse.
Abstract: The public health paradigm of three interacting systems, agent, host, and environment, is utilized as an explanatory framework to focus on complex psychosocial factors in psychotropic drug misuse. Emphasis is given to (1) rapid changes in the drug scene, (2) varying motivation for use of different drugs, and (3) changes in motivation after initial drug use. A decade ago drug use was primarily determined by personal needs and motives. Today, with increasing use of drugs for nonmedical purposes, redefinition of illness, and a widespread expectation that human problems will be changed or solved through chemistry, the general psychosocial and economic mileu predisposes the public to widespread nonmedical drug use.

11 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Clinical guidelines for the pharmacotherapy of anxiety in patients suffering from alcoholism and the type of relationship between alcohol dependence and anxiety disorders has considerable theoretical meaning are outlined.
Abstract: Alcoholism and anxiety disorders are concomitant far more frequently than might be expected. The great prevalence of anxiety disorders in alcoholics constitutes an important clinical issue because alcoholic subjects with a coexisting anxiety disorder suffer more frequent and more severe relapses than nonalcoholic control subjects. The former also how greater liability to psychotropic drug abuse and overdose behaviour, and are at greater risk of suicide. The type of relationship between alcohol dependence and anxiety disorders has considerable theoretical meaning. Four possible non-mutually exclusive ways of association are discussed: 1. the ingestion of alcohol may be an attempt at self-medication of anxiety symptoms; 2. anxiety and alcohol abuse may, independent of each other, be based on a third underlying, possibly genetic, factor; 3. anxiety may be a toxic effect of alcohol abuse or of withdrawal; 4. anxiety may result from cognitive processes in connection with alcohol abuse or withdrawal. Clinical guidelines for the pharmacotherapy of anxiety in patients suffering from alcoholism are outlined.

11 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results find greater support for a disruption effect than a discovery effect from incarceration, and suggest several areas for further investigation and improvement of services for incarcerated youth.
Abstract: Objective To determine changes in psychotropic medication use before and after juvenile justice incarceration, contrasting stays in long-stay commitment facilities and short-stay detention facilities. Design Statewide administrative data (July 1, 1998, through June 30, 2003) from the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice and Florida Medicaid. Medication prescriptions filled before entry and after release from facilities were determined based on paid claims. Psychotropic medication was categorized by drug class based on the National Drug Code. Setting General community services. Participants All of the Medicaid-enrolled youth aged 11 to 17 years identified as having a stay in a juvenile justice facility. The total sample included 67 819 detention stays and 59 918 commitment stays. Main Exposure Incarceration in juvenile commitment and detention facilities. Main Outcome Measure Filled prescriptions for psychotropic medication by class 30 and 90 days before and after incarceration. Results Ninety days prior to detention, 3666 youth (5.4%) had psychotropic drug claims. Among these, 2296 (62.6%) had any psychotropic medication claims in the 30 days after release. Among commitment cases, 29.6% continued medication use after release. Onset of medication use after release from detention and commitment facilities was relatively uncommon (1.7% and 1.9%, respectively). Youth in commitment facilities were less likely than youth in detention facilities to resume their medication use across drug classes after 30 days (χ 2 3 = 6.28; P = .04) and after 90 days (χ 2 2 = 7.62; P = .02). Conclusions The results find greater support for a disruption effect than a discovery effect from incarceration. The findings suggest several areas for further investigation and improvement of services for incarcerated youth.

11 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Individuals at high risk for suicide with prescribed access to any psychotropic medication should be targeted for means safety interventions.
Abstract: Objective Whether physical access to psychotropic medication via prescription (ie, prescribed access) is associated with use of psychotropic medication as a means of subsequent suicide attempt remains unclear. In a population of suicide attempters, we investigated whether prescribed access to any psychotropic medication increased the likelihood of using any psychotropic drug in a suicide attempt and whether prescribed access to a specific psychotropic drug type increased the likelihood of using that specific psychotropic drug type in an attempt. Methods Case-control study design was used. We identified individuals receiving care for a suicide attempt (fatal or nonfatal) in emergency department and inpatient settings from a US insurance claims dataset (2006-2013) using relevant ICD-9-CM codes. Cases used a psychotropic drug in their suicide attempt, while controls used another method. Exposed individuals filled a psychotropic drug prescription within 90 days prior to the attempt. Multivariable logistic regression estimated odds ratios. Results A population of 27,876 (cases = 10,158, controls = 17,718) was included. Anxiolytics were used most in attempts (n = 6,037, 59.4%), followed by antidepressants (n = 3,573, 35.2%), antipsychotics or mood stabilizers (n = 1,168, 11.5%), and stimulants (n = 368, 3.6%). Thirteen percent (n = 1,316) used more than 1 type of psychotropic drug in the attempt. Across all psychotropic drug groups evaluated, individuals using psychotropic medication in a suicide attempt were significantly more likely to have had prescribed access (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.7; 95% CI, 1.6-1.9), with the highest drug type-specific odds ratios for antipsychotics or mood stabilizers (aOR = 6.5; 95% CI, 5.4-7.7) and stimulants (aOR = 7.6; 95% CI, 5.5-10.5). Conclusions Individuals at high risk for suicide with prescribed access to any psychotropic medication should be targeted for means safety interventions.

11 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202332
202268
202175
202058
201960
201876