Psychotropic drug

About: Psychotropic drug is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2309 publications have been published within this topic receiving 54070 citations.

Long Working Hours and Use of Psychotropic Medicine: A Follow-Up Study with Register Linkage

Abstract: Objective This study aimed to investigate the possibility of a prospective association between long working hours and use of psychotropic medicine. Methods Survey data drawn from random samples of the general working population of Denmark in the time period 1995–2010 were linked to national registers covering all inhabitants. The participants were followed for first occurrence of redeemed prescriptions for psychotropic medicine. The primary analysis included 25 959 observations (19 259 persons) and yielded a total of 2914 new cases of psychotropic drug use in 99 018 person-years at risk. Poisson regression was used to model incidence rates of redeemed prescriptions for psychotropic medicine as a function of working hours (32–40, 41–48, >48 hours/week). The analysis was controlled for gender, age, sample, shift work, and socioeconomic status. A likelihood ratio test was used to test the null hypothesis, which stated that the incidence rates were independent of weekly working hours. Results The likelihood ratio test did not reject the null hypothesis (P=0.085). The rate ratio (RR) was 1.04 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.94–1.15] for the contrast 41–48 versus 32–40 work hours/week and 1.15 (95% CI 1.02–1.30) for >48 versus 32–40 hours/week. None of the rate ratios that were estimated in the present study were statistically significant after adjustment for multiple testing. However, stratified analyses, in which 30 RR were estimated, generated the hypothesis that overtime work (>48 hours/week) might be associated with an increased risk among night or shift workers (RR=1.51, 95% CI 1.15–1.98). Conclusion The present study did not find a statistically significant association between long working hours and incidence of psychotropic drug usage among Danish employees.

Utilization of psychotropic drugs in Sweden and the other Nordic countries

Abstract: Marked geographical differences have been found in the utilization of important drugs, e.g. antidiabetics, antihypertensives and psychotropics, both within and between several European countries (Bergman et al., 1975, 1979b; Grimsson et al., 1977; Baksaas, 1978). As there are no data available to suggest correspondingly large differences in the disease patterns between these countries, geographical variations are of great potential interest to public health.

Association of Preterm Birth With Prescription of Psychotropic Drugs in Adolescence and Young Adulthood.

Abstract: Importance Individuals born preterm have increased risk of mental health impairment compared with individuals born at term. The associations between preterm birth and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism are well established; for depression, anxiety, psychotic and bipolar disorder, studies show divergent results. Objective To compare the prescription of psychotropic drugs in adolescence and young adulthood between those born preterm and those born at term. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used registry data to identify all Norwegians born after 23 weeks of completed gestation between 1989 and 1998. Included individuals were those without registered birth defects, alive at age 10 years, and with available maternal data. Individuals were followed up from 2004 to 2016. Psychotropic drug prescriptions received from age 10 to 23 years were compared between preterm groups and peers born at term. Individuals were compared with their siblings to control for shared family confounding. Data analyses were performed from August 2018 through February 2020. Exposures Gestational age at birth(GA) was categorized in 4 groups: extremely preterm (GA, 23 weeks and 0 days to 27 weeks and 6 days), very preterm (GA, 28 weeks and 0 days to 31 weeks and 6 days), moderately or late preterm (GA, 32 weeks and 0 days to 36 weeks and 6 days), and full term (GA, 37 weeks and 0 days to 44 weeks and 6 days). Main Outcomes and Measures Prescriptions of psychotropic drugs (ie, prescriptions specifically of psychostimulants, antidepressants, anxiolytics, hypnotics or sedatives, or antipsychotics or prescriptions of any of these 5 drugs) among preterm groups were compared with prescriptions among peers born at term and among siblings. Results Among 505 030 individuals (259 545 [51.4%] males; mean [SD] birth weight, 3533 [580] g), 762 individuals (0.2%) were extremely preterm, 2907 individuals (0.6%) were very preterm, 25 988 individuals (5.1%) were moderately or late preterm, and 475 373 individuals (94.1%) were full term. Individuals born preterm had increased risk of psychotropic drug prescription, with a dose-response association between GA and prescription. The extremely preterm group had higher rates of prescription for all drug types compared with peers born at term, with odds ratios from 1.7 (95% CI, 1.4-2.1) for antidepressants to 2.7 (95% CI, 2.1-3.4) for psychostimulants. The elevated odds of prescription of all types were less pronounced in the moderately to late preterm group, including odds ratios of 1.1 (95% CI, 1.0-1.1) for antidepressants and 1.2 (95% CI, 1.1-1.2) for psychostimulants. The increases in odds were smaller in the sibling comparison, and increases were not significant for several groups. For example, the OR for any prescription in the sibling analysis was 1.8 (95% CI, 1.2-2.8) in the very preterm group and 1.0 (95% CI, 0.9-1.1) in the moderately or late preterm group. Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study found higher rates of prescription of psychotropic drugs throughout adolescence and young adulthood among individuals with all degrees of preterm birth compared with those born at term. These results provide further evidence for an increased risk of mental health impairment among individuals born preterm and suggest that this is not restricted to the most preterm groups.