Psychotropic drug

About: Psychotropic drug is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2309 publications have been published within this topic receiving 54070 citations.

Psychotropic Drug Directory 2003/04. The Professionals' Pocket Handbook & Aide Memoire. Stephen Bazire. Salisbury: Fivepin Publishing, 2003, £24.99 pb, 416 pp, ISBN: 0 95 448839 01

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Current Pattern of Psychiatric Comorbidity and Psychotropic Drug Prescription in Child and Adolescent Patients.

Abstract: Background: In recent years, patterns of the use of psychotropic drugs vary with increasing rates of psychiatric presentation and diagnosis in children and adolescents. Purpose: In this study, we aimed to investigate distributions of current psychiatric symptoms and diagnosis, patterns of the use of psychotropic drugs, and differences according to age and gender in patients presented to a child and adolescent outpatient clinic. Methods: All patients aged between 0 and 18 years presenting to a child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic between November 1, 2017 and November 1, 2018 were included in the study. Files of all patients were examined in detail, and patients’ demographic characteristics, symptoms, psychiatric diagnoses established according to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), psychotropic drugs initiated, and side effect profiles were recorded. Psychiatric symptoms and diagnostic features of the patients were determined, and the differences were investigated according to gender. Clinical characteristics were compared between diagnosed and undiagnosed patients, and between patients with and without drug initiation. Results: Of the 2066 patients, 1298 (62.8%) were male and the mean age was 10.14 ± 4.42 years. The most common symptoms were hyperactivity (23.8%) and inattention (21.6%) in males, inattention (15.1%) and irritability (14.2%) in females, and 79% of the patients received one or more psychiatric diagnoses. The most common psychiatric diagnoses in both genders were attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), specific learning disorder (SLD), and conduct disorder, respectively. Of the patients who received a psychiatric diagnosis, 61.8% were using psychotropic drugs, with the majority of them (71.3%) receiving monotherapy. The most frequently initiated drugs included psychostimulants, antipsychotics, and antidepressants, with 28.7% of the drug user patients receiving multiple drug therapy. Conclusion: Our study indicates that rate of presentation to child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinics is increasing, and rates of diagnosis and initiation of psychiatry drugs are high among the presented children. The prevalence of ADHD shows an increase in males and females in our country, and psychiatric polypharmacy has reached significant rates.

The uncoupling effect of some psychotropic drug on oxidative phosphorylation in rat liver mitochondria

Abstract: In the present study an attempt to detect influence of some psychotropic drugs on oxidative phosphorylation has been made. Relanium and melipramine were used in the experiments. They are among tranquilizer and antidepressant drug groups respectively. It was shown that both drugs increased the rate of oxygen consumption and displayed uncoupling properties. Mitochondrial respiration raised up slowly after drug addition in the presence of succinate or beta-oxybutyrate as oxidized substrates. If concentration of relanium and melipramine exceeded 1.2 and 0.8 mM respectively the rate of oxygen consumption began to decrease. There was a small reply on addition of ADP in the presence of drugs. At the same time relanium and melipramine decreased respiration rate if they were added at the state 3. It was shown that the drugs increased conductivity of bimolecular phospholipid membranes.

What psychologists need to know about psychotropic medications.

Abstract: Despite the fact that today most of the patients with psychological disturbances assume some form of psychotropic drug treatment, clinical psychologists may have little familiarity with psychopharmacology and are substantially unaware of subtle and yet pervasive potential effects of medications in clinical presentations. In their training, psychologists are generally exposed, at best, to some general principles of drug action. Standard psychopharmacology textbooks tend to omit the subtle psychological changes that may occur during psychotropic drug treatment. Clinical pharmacopsychology consists of the application of clinical psychology to the full understanding of pharmacological effects. The domains of clinical pharmacopsychology encompass the clinical benefits of psychotropic drugs, the characteristics that predict responsiveness to treatment, the vulnerabilities induced by treatment (side effects, behavioural toxicity, iatrogenic comorbidity), and the interactions between drug treatment and psychological variables. The DSM-5 refers to a patient population that no longer exists: subjects who display various manifestations of psychological distress who do not receive any form of drug treatment for it. Any type of psychotropic drug treatment, particularly after long-term use, may increase the risk of experiencing additional psychopathological problems that do not necessarily subside with discontinuation of the drug. The changes may be persistent and not limited to a short phase, such as in the case of withdrawal reactions, and cannot be subsumed under the generic rubrics of adverse events or side effects.