Psychotropic drug

About: Psychotropic drug is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2309 publications have been published within this topic receiving 54070 citations.

Spectral electroencephalogram and clinical follow-up during alprazolam and imipramine treatment in panic disorder

Abstract: The response to alprazolam and imipramine in 22 patients with panic disorder was studied by means of clinical follow-up, routine electroencephalogram (EEG), and spectral analysis of EEG background activity (spectral EEG). Both psychotropic drug treatments resulted in good clinical response during the 5-month follow-up period. The routine EEG was abnormal in 9 patients (41%), but no epileptiform EEG abnormalities were found. The spectral EEGs of the panic patients did not differ from those of the controls. Comparison of alprazolam and imipramine treatments showed some significant differences; alprazolam increased the relative beta power and decreased the delta power, thus resulting in significant changes of the corresponding ratios of fast- to slow-wave activity. Alprazolam also markedly increased the occipital mean frequency during the treatment period. On the other hand, the occipital mean frequency was only slightly decreased in the imipramine group, even though the occipital theta and delta bands signi...

Red Blood Cell Omega-3 Fatty Acid Composition and Psychotropic Drug Use in Older Adults: Results from the MAPT Study.

Abstract: Low docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentration has been associated with the development of some psychiatric disorders. to assess the association between red blood cell (RBC) DHA-EPA concentration and psychotropic drug use in older adults and between the 1-year change in RBC DHA-EPA and psychotropic drug use at 12 months. Design: secondary analysis of multicenter, randomized controlled trial testing multidomain intervention and/or n-3 PUFA supplement on cognitive function (MAPT study). France, 2008–2014. 1680 participants ≥70 years, community-dwelling were included. Psychotropic drug use was self-reported during medical interviews and assessments. RBC n-3 PUFA concentration was defined by % of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) among total fatty acids. Logistic regressions models controlling for age, sex, education, depression risk and intervention group were used. 1594 participants had baseline DHA-EPA concentration available (mean age=75.5±4.5 years, 65% females). At baseline, participants with DHA-EPA ≤4.82% (lowest quartile) reported higher prevalence of use of overall psychotropic drugs (34.0% vs 24.4%; aOR=1.33, 95%CI=[1.03–1.72]), anxiolytic/hypnotic drugs (25.0% vs 18.2%; aOR=1.42, 95%CI=[1.07–1.89]), and antidepressants (18.3% vs 13.5%; aOR=1.25, 95%CI=[0.93–1.72]) than participants with higher DHA-EPA. Participants who experienced an increase in DHA-EPA from baseline were less likely to use a psychotropic drug at 12 months than participants with no change or a decrease (aOR=0.72, 95%CI=[0.55–0.96]). Low RBC DHAEPA concentration was independently associated with psychotropic drug use. Future studies are needed to assess whether low RBC DHA-EPA is a risk marker for psychotropic drug use in older adults and to better understand underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov database (NCT00672685).

[Genotoxicity of psychotropic drugs in experimental and clinical studies].

Abstract: The analysis of experimental data on the study of the genotoxic activity of psychotropic drugs published over the past 25 years has been carried out. It has been shown that the information describing the genotoxicity of psychotropic drugs is characterized by fragmentation, contradictions, and the conditions for their experimental production often do not meet modern requirements. Conclusions about the presence or absence of genotoxic properties can be made only for 9.6% 94 examined drugs. The need for a large-scale systematic reassessment of the genotoxicity of psychotropic drugs, especially drugs of the first generation, on the basis of modern methodology, including studies of mutagen-modifying activity, has been proven. The expediency of monitoring the genotoxic status of patients receiving psychotropic drugs is emphasized, which should contribute to an adequate assessment of the genotoxic risk of their use and objectification of approaches when choosing a drug for the safe therapy. The urgency of conducting research to determine the role of primary DNA damage in the pathogenesis of mental illnesses has been substantiated.

A retrospective study of psychotropic drug treatments in bipolar disorder at acute and maintenance episodes

Abstract: Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is predominantly treated with psychotropic drugs, but BD is a complex medical condition and the contribution of psychotropic drugs is not clear. The objectives of this study are: (1) to present psychotropic drugs used in patients with BD; (2) to access changes of psychotropic drug treatments in acute and maintenance episodes. Methods The study retrospectively evaluated the medical records of inpatients in the Ningbo Kangning Hospital from January 2019 to December 2019. The medical history of each subject was collected completely, including sociodemographic (gender, age, marital status, and so on) and clinical characteristics at baseline and within 12 months of admission. Results The study ultimately included 204 patients with BD. After 12 months, 73.0% of the patients still took drugs. Mood stabilizers (72–90%) and antipsychotics (77–95%) were still the most important drugs in patients with BD. Antidepressants (34–40%) and benzodiazepines (20–34%) were the other frequently used drug classes. For mood stabilizers, 40–56% of patients were prescribed lithium. For antipsychotic, 54–65% of patients were prescribed quetiapine. Sertraline (6–9%) and fluoxetine (5–9%) were the antidepressant that most frequently prescribed. Lorazepam (10–18%) was the most commonly used benzodiazepine. In psychotropic polypharmacy, the most frequently taken was mood stabilizer plus antipsychotic co-treatment, about 36–44% of all patients. A total of 35–48% of patients treated by two psychotropic drugs and 24–36% received three. Conclusion The first 6 months after treatment is very important to medication adherence. Mood stabilizers and antipsychotic remained the primary treatment for BD. Antipsychotic is on the rise in the treatment of BD.

Self-medication with psychotropic drugs and mental health during residency. A survey of 2314 resident physicians

Abstract: Self-medication practices are a common trend among physicians, despite demonstrated risks and occupational hazards. Common mental health disorders such as anxiodepressive disorders are more frequent among medical students worldwide. To estimate the prevalence of self-treatment with psychotropic drugs during residency across all medical and surgical specialties. This cross-sectional study was based on a questionnaire constructed from a literature review that addressed reported mental health disorders, patterns of psychotropic drug utilization, screening for depression (validated two-question screen test), mental health status numerical rating scale, and care pathways. The self-administered questionnaire was pretested and sent to all managers of French residents' organizations for dissemination. Sampling was voluntary with no predefined response threshold. Of the 2,314 respondents, 30.5% reported having used a psychotropic drug during residency; 21.7% (95% CI [20.0; 23.4]), for self-medication; and 8.0%, for regular self-medication. Of the 72% that reported a mental disorder, 22% consulted a professional about it. The proportion of residents who reported self-treatment with psychotropic drugs significantly increased with seniority (p<0.05). During residency, 41% reported they had never consulted an occupational physician, and 71% had never consulted a family medicine physician. Based on this large-sample study, self-consumption of psychotropic drugs could involve 2 out of 10 residents during residency. We noted a discrepancy between reports of psychotropic medication use and reports of related mental disorders. Most residents reporting a mental disorder had not consulted a professional. These findings encourage consideration of residents’ perceptions and ambivalence regarding self-medication and mental health promotion during residency.