Psychotropic drug

About: Psychotropic drug is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2309 publications have been published within this topic receiving 54070 citations.

The antidepressant incasan. III. Interaction with other psychotropic drugs (experimental data)

Abstract: The tetracyclic antidepressant incasan, a new drug developed at the All-Union ScientificResearch Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, has been found to be an effective agent for the treatment of various depressant conditions. In addition to its basic antidepressant action, incasan exhibits an active property which makes it particularly effective in asthenodynamic and delayed depression [i, 2].

Adverse cutaneous reactions to psychotropic drugs

Abstract: Psychotropic drugs are not devoid of side effects, especially cutaneous reactions, some of which are severe, and can jeopardize functional and life prognosis. The Aim of this study is to highlight the epidemiological and clinical features of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) due to psychotropic drugs. We carried out a retrospective study over a period of 10 years, It concerned all patients hospitalized in our dermatology department for SCARs induced by psychotropic drugs. The imputability was confirmed by the French methodology of Bégaud et al. We identified 41 cases, of which 18 patients (43.9%) were being treated with psychotropic drugs for the first time. The most incriminated psychotropic drugs were: carbamazepine (n = 16), phenobarbital (n = 8), lamotrigine (n = 5). Clinical forms were: drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome (n = 30), Stevens–Johnson syndrome (n = 4), overlap syndrome (n = 1), drug-induced vasculitis (n = 4), symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema syndrome (n = 1), photosensitivity (n = 1). Complications were as follows: hepatic cytolysis (75%), cholestasis (60%), functional renal failure (43%). Carbamazepine was statistically correlated with renal damage and cholestasis (P = 0.013) and phenobarbital was associated with a risk of hepatic cytolysis (P = 0.027). Cutaneous side effects to psychotropic drugs remain rare < 2%. In our study, we found that rapid or recent increase in dose of anticonvulsants, or the combination of several psychotropic drugs is the most common cause of SCARs. We also found that carbamazepine was more likely to cause renal damage and cholestasis, whereas chlorpromazine was statistically correlated with hepatic cytolysis. Les psychotropes ne sont pas dénués d’effets secondaires, notamment de réactions cutanées dont certaines sont sévères et peuvent mettre en jeu le pronostic fonctionnel et vital. L’objectif de cette étude est de souligner les caractéristiques épidémiologiques et cliniques des effets indésirables cutanés sévères (EICSs) dus aux médicaments psychotropes. Nous avons réalisé une étude rétrospective sur une période de 10 ans, elle a concerné tous les patients hospitalisés dans notre service de dermatologie pour des EICSs induits par des psychotropes. L’imputabilité a été confirmée par la méthode française de Bégaud et al. Nous avons identifié 41 cas, dont 18 patients (43,9 %) traités pour la première fois par des psychotropes. Les psychotropes les plus incriminés étaient : carbamazépine (n = 16), phénobarbital (n = 8), lamotrigine (n = 5). Les formes cliniques étaient les suivantes : syndrome de réaction médicamenteuse avec éosinophilie et symptômes systémiques (n = 30), syndrome de Stevens–Johnson (n = 4), syndrome de chevauchement (n = 1), vascularite médicamenteuse (n = 4), syndrome de babouin (n = 1), photosensibilité (n = 1). Les complications étaient les suivantes : cytolyse hépatique (75 %), cholestase (60 %), insuffisance rénale fonctionnelle (43 %). La carbamazépine était statistiquement corrélée à l’atteinte rénale et à la cholestase (p = 0,013) et le phénobarbital était associé à un risque de cytolyse hépatique (p = 0,027). Les effets secondaires cutanés des médicaments psychotropes restent rares < 2 %. Dans notre étude, nous avons constaté que l’augmentation rapide ou récente de la dose d’anticonvulsivants, ou la combinaison de plusieurs psychotropes augmentent le risque des EICSS. Nous avons également constaté que la carbamazépine était plus susceptible de provoquer une atteinte rénale et une cholestase, tandis que la chlorpromazine était statistiquement corrélée à une cytolyse hépatique.

Abstract A027: Evaluation of psychotropic medication usage patterns in patients with pancreatic cancer by race/ethnicity

Abstract: Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) has been associated with detrimental impacts on psychological wellbeing. Reported PC-related depression and anxiety rates are higher than in other types of cancer. A substantial component to improve psychological well-being in patients with PC is the use of drug therapy to provide symptomatic relief. The presence of racial disparities in the utilization of psychotropic medication has been reported in some cancer types. However, despite these known racial disparities and the increased psychiatric symptoms in patients with PC, there has not been an evaluation of racial disparities in psychotropic medication use among patients with PC. The purpose of this study was to describe usage patterns of psychotropic medications by race among patients diagnosed with PC. Methods: Utilizing the National Cancer Institute Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (NCI SEER)- Medicare linked database, our analysis included all patients with a PC diagnosis and an active outpatient prescription claim for psychotropic medications from 2009-2018. Prescription claims were specific to patients diagnosed with PC and stratified by self-identified race/ethnicity. Patients who were on psychotropic medications before PC diagnosis, or unspecified race/ethnicity were excluded from the analysis. Psychotropic pharmacological agents consisted of anxiolytics, antidepressants, and anti-delirium/antipsychotic medications. Results: 71,700 participants were included in the analysis. Racial/ethnic participant breakdown included 80% White, 12% African American/Black, 4.5% Asian/Pacific Islander, 3% Hispanic, and 0.25% Native American. Results are presented as an unadjusted relative risk (RR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI). As compared to White patients, African American/Black (RR 0.60; 95% CI 0.57-0.64), Asian/Pacific Islander (RR 0.52; 95% CI 0.48-0.58), and Hispanic (RR 0.61; 95% CI 0.55-0.67) patients had lower utilization of anxiolytics. For antidepressant medications, African American/Black (RR 0.74; 95% CI 0.71-0.77), Asian/Pacific Islander (RR 0.61; 95% CI 0.58-0.66), and Hispanic (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.82-0.92) patients had less utilization compared to White patients. For anti-delirium/antipsychotic agents, African American/Black (RR 1.09; 95% CI 1.01-1.17) had a higher risk of utilization while Asian/Pacific Islander (RR 0.83; 95% CI 0.73-0.95) had less utilization when compared to White patients. No other differences were noted in psychotropic medication use by race/ethnicity. Conclusion: The study showed that utilization patterns of psychotropic agents in patients with PC varied by race/ethnicity. Racial/ethnic minorities had lower utilization rates for most of the drug classes except anti-delirium/antipsychotic agents in which African American/Black had higher utilization rates when compared to White patients. Further research needs to be carried out to examine social and clinical factors causing this phenomenon. Citation Format: MegCholack Awunti, Yi Guo, Sherise Rogers, Lisa Scarton, Diana Wilkie, John Allen. Evaluation of psychotropic medication usage patterns in patients with pancreatic cancer by race/ethnicity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A027.