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Pulse duration

About: Pulse duration is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 19429 publications have been published within this topic receiving 286507 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The species specific nature of the song is determined by pulse interval and not pulse length, and the effect on female receptivity of varying pulse length and pulse interval was tested by using simulated songs.

277 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the main experimental observables for energy transfer to a cluster and the major theoretical approaches have been devised, and compared the cluster response to standard 780 nm light pulses with the response to 100 nm pulses, already obtained at a VUV free electron laser (FEL) source, and with 3 nm light which will be available from x-ray FEL sources.
Abstract: Femtosecond laser pulses have proven to provide valuable insight into the dynamics of microscopic systems by using pump–probe techniques. Applied to atomic clusters even a single pulse of varying pulse duration can reveal how and when energy from the laser pulse is transferred effectively to the cluster. We review the main experimental observables for energy transfer to a cluster and the major theoretical approaches which have been devised. Most importantly, we compare the cluster response to standard 780 nm light pulses with the response to 100 nm pulses, already obtained at a VUV free electron laser (FEL) source, and with 3 nm light which will be available from x-ray FEL sources.

276 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results underscore the relatively large optical nonlinearity of BP with unique polarization and thickness dependence, and its potential for polarized optical pulse generation, paving the way to BP based nonlinear and ultrafast photonic applications (e.g., ultrafast all-optical polarization switches/modulators, frequency converters etc.).
Abstract: Black phosphorus (BP) has recently been rediscovered as a new and interesting two-dimensional material due to its unique electronic and optical properties. Here, we study the linear and nonlinear optical properties of BP flakes. We observe that both the linear and nonlinear optical properties are anisotropic and can be tuned by the film thickness in BP, completely different from other typical two-dimensional layered materials (e.g., graphene and the most studied transition metal dichalcogenides). We then use the nonlinear optical properties of BP for ultrafast (pulse duration down to ~786 fs in mode-locking) and large-energy (pulse energy up to >18 nJ in Q-switching) pulse generation in fiber lasers at the near-infrared telecommunication band ~1.5 μm. We observe that the output of our BP based pulsed lasers is linearly polarized (with a degree-of-polarization ~98% in mode-locking, >99% in Q-switching, respectively) due to the anisotropic optical property of BP. Our results underscore the relatively large optical nonlinearity of BP with unique polarization and thickness dependence, and its potential for polarized optical pulse generation, paving the way to BP based nonlinear and ultrafast photonic applications (e.g., ultrafast all-optical polarization switches/modulators, frequency converters etc.).

275 citations

Patent
08 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this article, an electrical ablation apparatus comprises first and second electrodes, each electrode comprising a first end configured to couple an energy source and a second end configured to couple to a tissue treatment region.
Abstract: An electrical ablation apparatus comprises first and second electrodes. Each electrode comprises a first end configured to couple an energy source and a second end configured to couple to a tissue treatment region. An energy source is coupled to the first and second electrodes. The energy source is configured to deliver a first series of electrical pulses sufficient to induce cell necrosis by irreversible electroporation and a second series of electrical pulses sufficient to induce cell necrosis by thermal heating, through at least one of the first and second electrodes. The first series of electrical pulses is characterized by a first amplitude, a first pulse length, and a first frequency. The second series of electrical pulses is characterized by a second amplitude, a second pulse length, and a second frequency.

273 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Comparative study of phonotactic reactions of females of 5 species of crickets to the calling song of conspecific males and different sound models in Y-maze experiments showed that the system controlling the reaction works on the probability principle.
Abstract: Comparative study of phonotactic reactions of females of 5 species of crickets to the calling song (CS) of conspecific males and different sound models in Y-maze experiments showed: 1. InGryllodinus kerkennensis the essential property of the signal is the continuity of the song (Fig 3). 2. InGryllus campestris andG. bimaculatus pulse rate and chirp duration are important, the former having narrow and the latter broad tuning of reaction to chirp duration (Fig. 4). 3. InSpecies 2 (see Methods) chirp rate and pulse duration determine the specific response of females (Figs. 5 and 6). 4. InMelanogryllus desertus the most important parameters are the mean pulse rate and the increase in amplitude of pulses within the chirps (Fig. 7). 6. The spectrum of the CS is not important for the process of recognition as far as it falls into the tuning curve of specialized low-frequency channel of the auditory system. High-frequency sounds outside the range of this channel are not effective even if they have the same amplitude modulation pattern as the CS.

272 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023175
2022408
2021543
2020619
2019668
2018665