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Pulse duration
About: Pulse duration is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 19429 publications have been published within this topic receiving 286507 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, a complex Gaussian pulse is followed through one pass around the laser cavity to keep the pulse Gaussian, and the analysis is further extended to include effects of detuning of the modulator, in which case analytical expressions are obtained for the phase shift of the pulse within the modulation cycle, the shift of pulse spectrum off line center, the change in pulse length, and change in power output.
Abstract: A new general analysis for mode-locked operation of a homogeneously broadened laser with either internal phase (FM) or amplitude (AM) modulation is presented in this paper. In this analysis, a complex Gaussian pulse is followed through one pass around the laser cavity. Approximations are made to the line shape and modulation characteristics to keep the pulse Gaussian. After one round trip, a self-consistent solution is required. This yields simple analytic expressions for the pulse length, frequency chirp, and bandwidth of the mode-locked pulses. The analysis is further extended to include effects of detuning of the modulator, in which case analytical expressions are obtained for the phase shift of the pulse within the modulation cycle, the shift of the pulse spectrum off line center, the change in pulse length, and the change in power output. Numerical results for a typical Nd:YAG laser are given. In the case of the FM mode-locked laser it is found that there is a frequency chirp on the pulse and that this causes pulse compression and stretching when the modulator is detuned. Etalon effects and dispersion effects are also considered.
600 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that a gain in maximum electron energy of up to 200 megaelectronvolts can be achieved, along with an improvement in the quality of the ultrashort electron beam in the forced laser wake field regime.
Abstract: Plasmas are an attractive medium for the next generation of particle accelerators because they can support electric fields greater than several hundred gigavolts per meter. These accelerating fields are generated by relativistic plasma waves-space-charge oscillations-that can be excited when a high-intensity laser propagates through a plasma. Large currents of background electrons can then be trapped and subsequently accelerated by these relativistic waves. In the forced laser wake field regime, where the laser pulse length is of the order of the plasma wavelength, we show that a gain in maximum electron energy of up to 200 megaelectronvolts can be achieved, along with an improvement in the quality of the ultrashort electron beam.
590 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a carrier-envelope offset (CEO) phase locked few-cycle pulses are generated using self-guiding of intense 43-fs, 0.84 mJ optical pulses during propagation in a transparent noble gas.
Abstract: Intense, well-controlled light pulses with only a few optical cycles start to play a crucial role in many fields of physics, such as attosecond science. We present an extremely simple and robust technique to generate such carrier-envelope offset (CEO) phase locked few-cycle pulses, relying on self-guiding of intense 43-fs, 0.84 mJ optical pulses during propagation in a transparent noble gas. We have demonstrated 5.7-fs, 0.38 mJ pulses with an excellent spatial beam profile and discuss the potential for much shorter pulses. Numerical simulations confirm that filamentation is the mechanism responsible for pulse shortening. The method is widely applicable and much less sensitive to experimental conditions such as beam alignment, input pulse duration or gas pressure as compared to gas-filled hollow fibers.
564 citations
TL;DR: This Letter reports on the generation of 830 W compressed average power from a femtosecond fiber chirped pulse amplification (CPA) system and discusses further a scaling potential toward and beyond the kilowatt level by overcoming the current scaling limitations imposed by the transversal spatial hole burning.
Abstract: In this Letter we report on the generation of 830 W compressed average power from a femtosecond fiber chirped pulse amplification (CPA) system In the high-power operation we achieved a compressor throughput of about 90% by using high-efficiency dielectric gratings The output pulse duration of 640 fs at 78 MHz repetition rate results in a peak power of 12 MW Additionally, we discuss further a scaling potential toward and beyond the kilowatt level by overcoming the current scaling limitations imposed by the transversal spatial hole burning
559 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the properties of optical parametric amplifiers are presented to show that, in addition to their use in providing tuneable pulses, they can form the critical component in systems generating shorter pulse duration with higher power and intensity than is possible with existing systems.
559 citations