Showing papers on "Pulsed laser deposition published in 1970"
TL;DR: In this paper, the output beam of a Ruby Giant Pulse Laser (30 nsec halfwidth, up to 100 MW peak power) was focussed onto the surface of aluminium and copper targets, which were cleaned by heating them to 500 degrees C at 10-7 torr.
Abstract: The output beam of a Ruby Giant Pulse Laser (30 nsec halfwidth, up to 100 MW peak power) was focussed onto the surface of aluminium and copper-targets, which were cleaned by heating them to 500 degrees C at 10-7 torr. The evaporated ions and electrons were detected at a distance of 170cm away from the target, after having passed some retarding grids. By a combination of time of flight- and retarding potential measurements the different charged ions could be separated and their energy distribution and intensity ratios were measured. his yields information simultaneously about the kinetic ion energies and the plasma electron temperature. It turns out, that the mean kinetic energy of the ions is proportional to their charge and about 100 times larger than their thermal energy. The experimental results and their interpretation in connection with the mechanisms of plasma generation and heating by laser light are discussed and compared with theoretical and experimental investigations of other authors.
75 citations
TL;DR: In this article, thin film rutile has been grown by the chemical vapor deposition reaction of and O2 on silicon and a variety of oxide substrates over a range of temperatures (673°-1320°K) and reactant partial pressures.
Abstract: Thin film rutile has been grown by the chemical vapor deposition reaction of and O2 on silicon and a variety of oxide substrates over a range of temperatures (673°–1320°K) and reactant partial pressures . At high oxygen partial pressures between 990° to 1100°K, the films have been found to contain the rutile modification of almost exclusively. Polycrystalline deposits on silicon, fused quartz, and amorphous silica (thermally grown or chemically vapor deposited) substrates displayed some preferred growth orientation (fiber texture). Epitaxial films were obtained on (001)‐, (110)‐ and (111)‐rutile, , and (0001)‐sapphire substrates at elevated temperatures.
35 citations
TL;DR: The performance and stability of these ion-selective electrodes have been tested over a period of 10 months and the rejection rate of unusable electrodes is very small and the results are highly reproducible from electrode to electrode.
Abstract: GUENARD, JEAN-PIERRE, AND SYDNEY M. FRIEDMAN. Construction of ion-selective glus~ electrodes by vacuum defiosition of metals. J. Appl. Physiol. 29(Z) : 254257. 1970.-A vacuum evaporation technique for the construction of metal-connected electrodes is described. It utilizes a vacuum coating unit commonly used in electronmicroscopy. The metal is evaporated from a heated crucible in a high vacuum chamber and condenses on the glass segments. The temperature of the glass during coating is less than 36 C. Silver, lead, and indium were readily deposited on unblown capillary glasses selective for Na+, I?, and H+. The performance and stability of these ion-selective electrodes have been tested over a period of 10 months. The rejection rate of unusable electrodes is very small and the results are highly reproducible from electrode to electrode.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an ultra-high vacuum apparatus specially suited for film deposition in a clean and contamination-free atmosphere is described, which has an extremely rapid cycling time and provision for simultaneous evaporation from two sources by a new type of electron gun.
1 citations
IBM1
TL;DR: In this article, a simple beam finder for a Q-switched CO 2 laser was described that makes use of the shock waves produced by the absorption of the pulsed beam in the vapor of the common laboratory solvent trichlorethylene.
Abstract: A simple beam finder for a Q -switched CO 2 laser is described that makes use of the shock waves produced by the absorption of the pulsed beam in the vapor of the common laboratory solvent trichlorethylene.
1 citations