PWM rectifier

About: PWM rectifier is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2254 publications have been published within this topic receiving 25614 citations.

The essence of three-phase PFC rectifier systems

Abstract: In this paper, three-phase PFC rectifier topologies with sinusoidal input currents and controlled output voltage are derived from known single-phase PFC rectifier systems and/or passive three-phase diode rectifiers. The systems are classified into hybrid and fully active PWM boost-type or buck-type rectifiers, and their functionality and basic control concepts are briefly described. This facilitates the understanding of the operating principle of three-phase PFC rectifiers starting from single-phase systems, and organizes and completes the knowledge base with a new hybrid three-phase buck-type PFC rectifier topology denominated as Swiss Rectifier. In addition, analytical formulas for calculating the current stresses on the power semiconductors of selected topologies are provided, and rectifier systems offering a high potential for industrial applications are comparatively evaluated concerning the semiconductor stresses, the loading and volume of the main passive components, and the DM and CM EMI noise level. Finally, core topics of future research on three-phase PFC rectifier systems are discussed, such as the analysis of novel hybrid bucktype PFC rectifier topologies, the direct input current control of bucktype systems, the multi-objective optimization of PFC rectifier systems concerning efficiency and power density, and the investigation of the system performance sensitivity to semiconductor and passive components technology.

PWM Converter Power Density Barriers

Abstract: Power density of power electronic converters in different applications has roughly doubled every 10 years since 1970. Behind this trajectory was the continuous advancement of power semiconductor device technology allowing an increase of converter switching frequencies by a factor of 10 every decade. However, today's cooling concepts, and passive components and wire bond interconnection technologies could be major barriers for a continuation of this trend. For identifying and quantifying such technological barriers this paper investigates the volume of the cooling system and of the main passive components for the basic forms of power electronics energy conversion in dependency of the switching frequency and determines switching frequencies minimizing the total volume. The analysis is for 5 kW rated output power, high performance air cooling, advanced power semiconductors, and single systems in all cases. A power density limit of 28 kW/dm3@300 kHz is calculated for an isolated DC-DC converter considering only transformer, output inductor and heat sink volume. For single-phase AC-DC conversion a general limit of 35 kW/dm3 results from the DC link capacitor required for buffering the power fluctuating with twice the mains frequency. For a three-phase unity power factor PWM rectifier the limit is 45 kW/dm3@810 kHz just taking into account EMI filter and cooling system. For the sparse matrix converter the limiting components are the input EMI filter and the common mode output inductor; the power density limit is 71 kW/dm3@50 kHz when not considering the cooling system. The calculated power density limits highlight the major importance of broadening the scope of research in power electronics from traditional areas like converter topologies, and modulation and control concepts to cooling systems, high frequency electromagnetics, interconnection technology, multi-functional integration, packaging and multi-domain modeling and simulation to ensure further advancement of the field along the power density trajectory.

Control of Single-Phase-to-Three-Phase AC/DC/AC PWM Converters for Induction Motor Drives

Abstract: This paper proposes a novel control scheme of single-phase-to-three-phase pulsewidth-modulation (PWM) converters for low-power three-phase induction motor drives, where a single-phase half-bridge PWM rectifier and a two-leg inverter are used. With this converter topology, the number of switching devices is reduced to six from ten in the case of full-bridge rectifier and three-leg inverter systems. In addition, the source voltage sensor is eliminated with a state observer, which controls the deviation between the model current and the system current to be zero. A simple scalar voltage modulation method is used for a two-leg inverter, and a new technique to eliminate the effect of the dc-link voltage ripple on the inverter output current is proposed. Although the converter topology itself is of lower cost than the conventional one, it retains the same functions such as sinusoidal input current, unity power factor, dc-link voltage control, bidirectional power flow, and variable-voltage and variable-frequency output voltage. The experimental results for the V/f control of 3-hp induction motor drives controlled by a digital signal processor TMS320C31 chip have verified the effectiveness of the proposed scheme

Introduction to modern power electronics

Abstract: Preface. 1 Principles and Methods of Electric PowerConversion. 1.1 What Is Power Electronics? 1.2 Generic Power Converter. 1.3 Waveform Components and Figures of Merit. 1.4 Phase Control. 1.5 Pulse Width Modulation. 1.6 Calculation of Current Waveforms. 1.6.1 Analytical Solution. 1.6.2 Numerical Solution. 1.6.3 Practical Examples: Single-Phase Diode Rectifiers. 1.7 Summary. Example. Problems. Computer Assignments. Literature. 2 Semiconductor Power Switches. 2.1 General Properties of Semiconductor Power Switches. 2.2 Power Diodes. 2.3 Semicontrolled Switches. 2.3.1 SCRs. 2.3.2 Triacs. 2.4 Fully Controlled Switches. 2.4.1 GTOs. 2.4.2 IGCTs. 2.4.3 Power BJTs. 2.4.4 Power MOSFETs. 2.4.5 IGBTs. 2.5 Comparison of Semiconductor Power Switches. 2.6 Power Modules. 2.7 Summary. Literature. 3 Supplementary Components and Systems. 3.1 What Are Supplementary Components and Systems? 3.2 Drivers. 3.2.1 Drivers for SCRs, Triacs, and BCTs. 3.2.2 Drivers for GTOs and IGCTs. 3.2.3 Drivers for BJTs. 3.2.4 Drivers for Power MOSFETs and IGBTs. 3.3 Overcurrent Protection Schemes. 3.4 Snubbers. 3.4.1 Snubbers for Power Diodes, SCRs, and Triacs. 3.4.2 Snubbers for GTOs and IGCTs. 3.4.3 Snubbers for Transistors. 3.4.4 Energy Recovery from Snubbers. 3.5 Filters. 3.6 Cooling. 3.7 Control. 3.8 Summary. Literature. 4 AC-to-DC Converters. 4.1 Diode Rectifiers. 4.1.1 Three-Pulse Diode Rectifier. 4.1.2 Six-Pulse Diode Rectifier. 4.2 Phase-Controlled Rectifiers. 4.2.1 Phase-Controlled Six-Pulse Rectifier. 4.2.2 Dual Converters. 4.3 PWM Rectifiers. 4.3.1 Impact of Input Filter. 4.3.2 Principles of Pulse Width Modulation. 4.3.3 Current-Type PWM Rectifier. 4.3.4 Voltage-Type PWM Rectifier. 4.4 Device Selection for Rectifiers. 4.5 Common Applications of Rectifiers. 4.6 Summary. Examples. Problems. Computer Assignments. Literature. 5 AC-to-AC Converters. 5.1 AC Voltage Controllers. 5.1.1 Phase-Controlled Single-Phase AC Voltage Controller. 5.1.2 Phase-Controlled Three-Phase AC Voltage Controllers. 5.1.3 PWM AC Voltage Controllers. 5.2 Cycloconverters. 5.3 Matrix Converters. 5.4 Device Selection for AC-to-AC Converters. 5.5 Common Applications of AC-to-AC Converters. 5.6 Summary. Examples. Problems. Computer Assignments. Literature. 6 DC-to-DC Converters. 6.1 Static DC Switches. 6.2 Step-Down Choppers. 6.2.1 First-Quadrant Chopper. 6.2.2 Second-Quadrant Chopper. 6.2.3 First-and-Second-Quadrant Chopper. 6.2.4 First-and-Fourth-Quadrant Chopper. 6.2.5 Four-Quadrant Chopper. 6.3 Step-Up Chopper. 6.4 Current Control in Choppers. 6.5 Device Selection for Choppers. 6.6 Common Applications of Choppers. 6.7 Summary. Example. Problems. Computer Assignments. Literature. 7 DC-to-AC Converters. 7.1 Voltage-Source Inverters. 7.1.1 Single-Phase Voltage-Source Inverter. 7.1.2 Three-Phase Voltage-Source Inverter. 7.1.3 Voltage Control Techniques for Voltage-SourceInverters. 7.1.4 Current Control Techniques for Voltage-SourceInverters. 7.2 Current-Source Inverters. 7.2.1 Three-Phase Square-Wave Current-Source Inverter. 7.2.2 Three-Phase PWM Current-Source Inverter. 7.3 Multilevel Inverters. 7.4 Soft-Switching Inverters. 7.5 Device Selection for Inverters. 7.6 Common Applications of Inverters. 7.7 Summary. Examples. Problems. Computer Assignments. Literature. 8 Switching Power Supplies. 8.1 Basic Types of Switching Power Supplies. 8.2 Nonisolated Switched-Mode DC-to-DC Converters. 8.2.1 Buck Converter. 8.2.2 Boost Converter. 8.2.3 Buck Boost Converter. 8.2.4 uk Converter. 8.2.5 SEPIC and Zeta Converters. 8.2.6 Comparison of Nonisolated Switched-Mode DC-to-DCConverters. 8.3 Isolated Switched-Mode DC-to-DC Converters. 8.3.1 Single-Switch Isolated DC-to-DC Converters. 8.3.2 Multiple-Switch Isolated DC-to-DC Converters. 8.3.3 Comparison of Isolated Switched-Mode DC-to-DCConverters. 8.4 Resonant DC-to-DC Converters. 8.4.1 Quasi-Resonant Converters. 8.4.2 Load-Resonant Converters. 8.4.3 Comparison of Resonant DC-to-DC Converters. 8.5 Summary. Examples. Problems. Computer Assignments. Literature. 9 Power Electronics and Clean Energy. 9.1 Why Is Power Electronics Indispensable in Clean EnergySystems? 9.2 Solar and Wind Renewable Energy Systems. 9.2.1 Solar Energy Systems. 9.2.2 Wind Energy Systems. 9.3 Fuel Cell Energy Systems. 9.4 Electric and Hybrid Cars. 9.5 Power Electronics and Energy Conservation. 9.6 Summary. Literature. Appendix A PSpice Simulations. Appendix B Fourier Series. Appendix C Three-Phase Systems. Index.

A single-phase controlled-current PWM rectifier

Abstract: The analysis and test results are given for an experimental single-phase controlled-current PWM (pulse-width-modulated) rectifier that operates at unity power factor with near sinusoidal current waveform and that has power reversal capability. The twice-line-frequency AC power is identified as a source of voltage harmonics in the DC link. The harmonics enter into the voltage regulation feedback loop to distort the AC current waveform. These undesirable harmonics can be removed by a low-pass filter. It is noted that the overall design must address the possibility of instability due to the low-pass filter in the feedback path. >