Pyranose

About: Pyranose is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1619 publications have been published within this topic receiving 35348 citations. The topic is also known as: pyranoses & hexopyranose.

Hetero‐Diels–Alder Reaction with Thiazolyl Oxabutadienes—Model Studies Toward the Synthesis of Directly Linked C‐Disaccharide

Abstract: A method for the construction of substituted pyranoses by means of the hetero-Diels–Alder (HDA) reaction of ethyl vinyl ether with 1-oxabuta-1,3-dienes bearing a thiazolyl ring at C-2 is described. The cycloaddition with 1-(thiazol-2-yl)-2-penten-1-one (2) occurred with good endo/exo selectivity to give cis- and trans-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrans 3a and 3b in a ca. 9:1 ratio and 91% overall yield. The elaboration of 3a through the conversion of the thiazole ring into the formyl group and reduction of the latter to alcohol, followed by hydroxylation of the double bond through hydroboration–oxidation led to the ethyl 2,3-dideoxypyranoside 8. The asymmetric version of this synthetic sequence started from the HDA cycloaddition of the same alkene with the chiral oxabutadiene 10 bearing the D-galacto-pentopyranosid-5-yl moiety at C-3. This reaction afforded a mixture of the four diastereomeric cycloadducts—3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrans 11a,b and 12a,b—in 97% overall yield. The reaction was moderately endo and face selective. A high level of endo selectivity (96%) was obtained by the use of catalytic Eu(fod)3. The elaboration of the endo cycloadducts 11a and 12a by the same synthetic sequence as that developed for 3a (i.e. thiazolyl-to-formyl conversion and hydroxylation of the double bond) gave the uncommon C-disaccharides 15 and 16 featuring two directly linked pyranose rings.

Characterisation of recombinant pyranose oxidase from the cultivated mycorrhizal basidiomycete Lyophyllum shimeji (hon-shimeji)

Abstract: The flavin-dependent enzyme pyranose 2-oxidase (P2Ox) has gained increased attention during the last years because of a number of attractive applications for this enzyme. P2Ox is a unique biocatalyst with high potential for biotransformations of carbohydrates and in synthetic carbohydrate chemistry. Recently, it was shown that P2Ox is useful as bioelement in biofuel cells, replacing glucose oxidase (GOx), which traditionally is used in these applications. P2Ox offers several advantages over GOx for this application, e.g., its much broader substrate specificity. Because of this renewed interest in P2Ox, knowledge on novel pyranose oxidases isolated from organisms other than white-rot fungi, which represent the traditional source of this enzyme, is of importance, as these novel enzymes might differ in their biochemical and physical properties. We isolated and over-expressed the p2ox gene encoding P2Ox from the ectomycorrhizal fungus Lyophyllum shimeji. The p2ox cDNA was inserted into the bacterial expression vector pET21a(+) and successfully expressed in E. coli Rosetta 2. We obtained active, flavinylated recombinant P2Ox in yields of approximately 130 mg per L of medium. The enzyme was purified by a two-step procedure based on anion exchange chromatography and preparative native PAGE, yielding an apparently homogenous enzyme preparation with a specific activity of 1.92 U/mg (using glucose and air oxygen as the substrates). Recombinant P2Ox from L. shimeji was characterized in some detail with respect to its physical and catalytic properties, and compared to the well-characterised enzymes from Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trametes multicolor. L. shimeji P2Ox shows properties that are comparable to those of P2Ox from white-rot fungal origin, and is in general characterised by lower Km and kcat values both for electron donor (sugar) as well as electron acceptor (ferrocenium ion, 1,4-benzoquinone, 2,6-dichloroindophenol). While L. shimeji P2Ox is the least thermostable of these three enzymes (melting temperature Tm of 54.9°C; half-life time of activity τ1/2 of 0.12 at 50°C and pH 6.5), P. chrysosporium P2Ox showed remarkable thermostability with Tm of 75.4°C and τ1/2 of 96 h under identical conditions.