Topic
Pyrolysis
About: Pyrolysis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 34918 publications have been published within this topic receiving 833524 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, an Euler-Euler multiphase CFD model is proposed for continuous fast pyrolysis of biomass in a fluidized-bed reactor, where variable particle porosity is used to account for the evolution of the particle's physical properties, and particle kinetic processes and their interactions with the reactive gas phase are modeled with a multi-fluid description derived from the kinetic theory of granular flows.
168 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, microwave pyrolysis of seven biomass feedstocks (corn stover, rice straw, rice husk, sugarcane bagasse, cane peel, coffee grounds, and bamboo) was studied, and the influence of microwave power level on both maximum temperature and heating rate was substantial.
168 citations
TL;DR: Low temperature matrix isolation electron paramagnetic resonance was successfully interfaced with the pyrolysis reactor to elucidate the structures of the labile reaction intermediates and suggested the presence of methoxyl, phenoxy, and substituted phenoxy radicals as precursors for formation of major products.
Abstract: Thermal degradation of lignin under two reaction regimes (pyrolysis in N2 and oxidative pyrolysis in 4% O2 in N2) has been investigated in a tubular, isothermal, flow-reactor over the temperature range 200–900 °C at a residence time of 0.2 s. Two experimental protocols were adopted: (1) Partial pyrolysis in which the same lignin sample was continuously pyrolyzed at each temperature and (2) conventional pyrolysis, in which new lignin samples were pyrolyzed at each pyrolysis temperature. The results identified common relationships between the two modes of experiments, as well as some differences. The majority of products from partial pyrolysis peaked between 300 and 500 °C, whereas for conventional pyrolysis reaction products peaked between 400 and 500 °C. The principal products were syringol (2,6-dimethoxy phenol), guaiacol (2-methoxy phenol), phenol, and catechol. Of the classes of compounds analyzed, the phenolic compounds were the most abundant, contributing over 40% of the total compounds detected. Ben...
168 citations
TL;DR: The quantitative analysis of data reported in the literature showed a strong contrast between the conventional processes and microwave based processes, and the lack of understanding of some observed results warrant more and in-depth fundamental research.
168 citations
TL;DR: For sewage sludge, which contains metals with similar chemical and physical properties such as Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb, pyrolysis at 500-600/sup 0/C might prove suitable since no metals are released to the atmosphere and a char is produced that is well suited for disposal in an inorganic sanitary landfill.
Abstract: Raw and digested sewage sludge samples were pyrolyzed in order to investigate the partitioning of selected heavy metals during anoxic thermal treatment. Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb were retained quantitatively in the char at temperatures up to 750 /sup 0/C. Cd compounds were reduced to Cd/sup 0/, which was volatilized at T > 600 /sup 0/C. Hg was completely evaporated at the lowest investigated pyrolysis temperature of 350 /sup 0/C. The metals contained in the char are highly immobile due to the well-buffered neutral to alkaline properties of the char. Thus for sewage sludge, which contains metals with similar chemical and physical properties such as Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb, pyrolysis at 500-600/sup 0/C might prove suitable since no metals are released to the atmosphere and a char is produced that is well suited for disposal in an inorganic sanitary landfill. 6 figures, 5 tables.
168 citations