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Pyrolysis

About: Pyrolysis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 34918 publications have been published within this topic receiving 833524 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, lignin from four different sources, extracted by various methods, were pyrolyzed at 650°C using analytical pyrolyssis methods (Py-GC/MS).

397 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two thermochemical processes, hydrothermal liquefaction and slow pyrolysis, were used to produce bio-oils from Scenedesmus and Spirulina biomass that were compared against Illinois shale oil, showing sharp differences in the mean bio-oil molecular weight and the percentage of low boiling compounds.

396 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an integral processing route for the conversion of (non-feed) biomass residuals to transportation fuels is proposed, which includes a pretreatment process by fast pyrolysis, followed by upgrading to produce a crude-oil-like product, and finally co-refining in traditional refineries.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Biomass is the only renewable feedstock containing carbon, and therefore the only alternative to fossil-derived crude oil derivatives. However, the main problems concerning the application of biomass for biofuels and bio-based chemicals are related to transport and handling, the limited scale of the conversion process and the competition with the food industry. To overcome such problems, an integral processing route for the conversion of (non-feed) biomass (residues) to transportation fuels is proposed. It includes a pretreatment process by fast pyrolysis, followed by upgrading to produce a crude-oil-like product, and finally co-refining in traditional refineries. RESULTS: This paper contributes to the understanding of pyrolysis oil upgrading. The processes include a thermal treatment step and/or direct hydroprocessing. At temperatures up to 250 degrees C (in the presence of H(2) and catalyst) parallel reactions take place including re-polymerization (water production), decarboxylation (limited CO(2) production) and hydrotreating. Water is produced in small quantities (approx. 10% extra), likely caused by repolymerization. This repolymerization takes place faster (order of minutes) than the hydrotreating reactions (order of tens of minutes, hours). CONCLUSIONS: In hydroprocessing of bio-oils, a pathway is followed by which pyrolysis oils are further polymerized if H(2) and/or catalyst is absent, eventually to char components, or, with H(2)/catalyst, to stabilized components that can be further upgraded. Results of the experiments suggest that specifically the cellulose-derived fraction of the oil needs to be transformed first, preferably into alcohols in a 'mild hydrogenation' step. This subsequently allows further dehydration and hydrogenation. (C) 2010 Society of Chemical Industry

395 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the characteristics of natural biomass and acid-washed biomass without alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEM) were investigated by a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and a fixed-bed reactor.

394 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 2007-Fuel
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of alkali metals on the thermal degradation of biomass during combustion and pyrolysis has been investigated for 19 Lolium and Festuca grass varieties.

393 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
20233,262
20226,570
20212,345
20202,434
20192,411