Showing papers on "Qualitative research published in 2020"
TL;DR: The experiences of health-care providers in the early stages of the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 in Hubei, China are described to describe their resilience and the spirit of professional dedication to overcome difficulties.
992 citations
Book•
09 Jan 2020
TL;DR: In this paper, Verstehen et al. present an approach to evaluating quality in qualitative research using qualitative data analysis. But the authors focus on the qualitative research cycle and the design cycle.
Abstract: INTRODUCTION Introduction to the Book Who is This Book For? The Qualitative Research Cycle Structure of the Book Features of this Book The Nature of Qualitative Research What is Qualitative Research? When to Conduct Qualitative Research The Underlying Interpretive Paradigm Qualitative and Quantitative Research Verstehen and Understanding The Emic and Etic Perspective Subjectivity and The Need for Reflexivity Our Approach to Qualitative Research Evaluating quality PART ONE: THE DESIGN CYCLE The Design Cycle Introduction Formulating Qualitative Research Questions Incorporating Literature and Theory Developing a Conceptual Framework Selecting a Fieldwork Approach Evaluating Quality Ethical Issues in Qualitative Research Introduction What is Ethics? Ethics in Qualitative Research Ethical Issues in the Design Cycle Ethical Issues in the Ethnographic Cycle Ethical Issues in the Analytic Cycle Evaluating quality PART TWO: THE ETHNOGRAPHIC CYCLE Participant Recruitment What is Participant Recruitment? Defining and Refining the Study Population How Many to Recruit: The Principle of Saturation Recruitment Goals Strategies for Participant Recruitment Evaluating quality In-Depth Interviews What is an In-Depth Interview? When to Conduct an In-Depth Interview Purpose of an In-Depth Interview The Cyclical Nature of Data Collection Developing an Interview Guide Preparing for Data Collection Reflecting on Subjectivity and Positionality Conducting the Interview Strengths and Limitations Evaluating Quality Focus Group Discussions What is a Focus Group Discussion? When to Conduct Focus Group Discussions The Cyclical Nature of Data Collection Developing the Discussion Guide Preparing for Data Collection Conducting the Focus Group Discussion Post-Discussion Information Strengths and Limitations Evaluating quality Observation What is Observation? When to Conduct Observation What to Observe Types of Observation Preparing and Conduct of Observation Writing an Observation Strengths and Limitations Evaluating Quality PART THREE: THE ANALYTIC CYCLE Data Preparation and Developing Codes Introduction The Nature of Qualitative Data Analysis Our Approach to Analysis Foundations of Grounded Theory Data Preparation Developing Codes Making a Codebook Coding Data Evaluating Quality Textual Data Analysis Introduction Formulating a Project-Specific Plan of Analysis Searching Data The Cyclical Process of Analysis Thick Description Comparison Categorizing and Conceptualizing Theory Development Evaluating Quality Writing Qualitative Research Writing in Qualitative Research Who is the Audience? Structure of Writing Beginning to Write Writing a Methodology Presenting Qualitative Results Evaluating Quality
988 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of the conversational method as a means for gathering knowledge through story is discussed and a theoretical discussion is provided, which illustrates that for the method to be identified as an Indigenous research method it must flow from an Indigenous paradigm.
Abstract: In reflecting upon two qualitative research projects incorporating an Indigenous methodology, this article focuses on the use of the conversational method as a means for gathering knowledge through story. The article first provides a theoretical discussion which illustrates that for the conversational method to be identified as an Indigenous research method it must flow from an Indigenous paradigm. The article then moves to an exploration of the conversational method in action and offers reflections on the significance of researcher-in-relation and the inter- relationship between this method, ethics and care.
380 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors conducted 55 individual interviews and 8 focus groups with people recruited from UK-based long Covid patient support groups, social media and snowballing to document such patients' lived experience, including accessing and receiving healthcare and ideas for improving services.
Abstract: Approximately 10% of patients with Covid-19 experience symptoms beyond 3–4 weeks. Patients call this “long Covid”. We sought to document such patients’ lived experience, including accessing and receiving healthcare and ideas for improving services. We held 55 individual interviews and 8 focus groups (n = 59) with people recruited from UK-based long Covid patient support groups, social media and snowballing. We restricted some focus groups to health professionals since they had already self-organised into online communities. Participants were invited to tell their stories and comment on others’ stories. Data were audiotaped, transcribed, anonymised and coded using NVIVO. Analysis incorporated sociological theories of illness, healing, peer support, clinical relationships, access, and service redesign. Of 114 participants aged 27–73 years, 80 were female. Eighty-four were White British, 13 Asian, 8 White Other, 5 Black, and 4 mixed ethnicity. Thirty-two were doctors and 19 other health professionals. Thirty-one had attended hospital, of whom 8 had been admitted. Analysis revealed a confusing illness with many, varied and often relapsing-remitting symptoms and uncertain prognosis; a heavy sense of loss and stigma; difficulty accessing and navigating services; difficulty being taken seriously and achieving a diagnosis; disjointed and siloed care (including inability to access specialist services); variation in standards (e.g. inconsistent criteria for seeing, investigating and referring patients); variable quality of the therapeutic relationship (some participants felt well supported while others felt “fobbed off”); and possible critical events (e.g. deterioration after being unable to access services). Emotionally significant aspects of participants’ experiences informed ideas for improving services. Suggested quality principles for a long Covid service include ensuring access to care, reducing burden of illness, taking clinical responsibility and providing continuity of care, multi-disciplinary rehabilitation, evidence-based investigation and management, and further development of the knowledge base and clinical services. NCT04435041.
317 citations
TL;DR: An overview of qualitative descriptive research is provided, orientates to the underlying philosophical perspectives and key characteristics that define this approach and identifies the implications for healthcare practice and policy.
Abstract: BackgroundQualitative descriptive designs are common in nursing and healthcare research due to their inherent simplicity, flexibility and utility in diverse healthcare contexts. However, the applic...
301 citations
TL;DR: Most participants, and particularly those in low-paid or precarious employment, reported feeling that the social distancing and isolation associated with COVID-19 policy has had negative impacts on their mental health and well-being during the early stages of the UK’s ‘lockdown’.
Abstract: Objective This study explored UK public perceptions and experiences of social distancing and social isolation related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Design This qualitative study comprised five focus groups, carried out online during the early stages of the UK’s stay at home order (‘lockdown’), and analysed using a thematic approach. Setting Focus groups took place via online videoconferencing. Participants Participants (n=27) were all UK residents aged 18 years and older, representing a range of gender, ethnic, age and occupational backgrounds. Results Qualitative analysis revealed four main themes: (1) loss—participants’ loss of (in-person) social interaction, loss of income and loss of structure and routine led to psychological and emotional ‘losses’ such as loss of motivation, loss of meaning and loss of self-worth; (2) criticisms of government communication—participants reported a lack of trust in government and a lack of clarity in the guidelines around social distancing and isolation; (3) adherence—participants reported high self-adherence to social distancing guidelines but reported seeing or hearing of non-adherence in others; (4) uncertainty around social reintegration and the future—some participants felt they would have lingering concerns over social contact while others were eager to return to high levels of social activity. Most participants, and particularly those in low-paid or precarious employment, reported feeling that the social distancing and isolation associated with COVID-19 policy has had negative impacts on their mental health and well-being during the early stages of the UK’s ‘lockdown’. Conclusions A rapid response is necessary in terms of public health programming to mitigate the mental health impacts of COVID-19 social distancing and isolation. Social distancing and isolation ‘exit strategies’ must account for the fact that, although some individuals will voluntarily or habitually continue to socially distance, others will seek high levels of social engagement as soon as possible.
299 citations
TL;DR: The authors explored researcher positionality and its influence on the research process and found that novice researchers often struggle with identifying their positionality, and they may incorporate a reflexive approach to their research.
Abstract: Masters and PhD student researchers in the social sciences are often required to explore and
explain their positionality, as, in the social world, it is recognized that their ontological and
epistemological beliefs influence their research. Yet novice researchers often struggle with
identifying their positionality. This paper explores researcher positionality and its influence on
and place in the research process. Its purpose is to help new postgraduate researchers better
understand positionality so that they may incorporate a reflexive approach to their research and
start to clarify their positionality.
283 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors systematically map research from 243 studies published between 2007 and 2016, with only limited research undertaken in the Global South, and largely focused on the fields of Arts & Humanities, Education, and Natural Sciences, Mathematics & Statistics.
Abstract: Digital technology has become a central aspect of higher education, inherently affecting all aspects of the student experience. It has also been linked to an increase in behavioural, affective and cognitive student engagement, the facilitation of which is a central concern of educators. In order to delineate the complex nexus of technology and student engagement, this article systematically maps research from 243 studies published between 2007 and 2016. Research within the corpus was predominantly undertaken within the United States and the United Kingdom, with only limited research undertaken in the Global South, and largely focused on the fields of Arts & Humanities, Education, and Natural Sciences, Mathematics & Statistics. Studies most often used quantitative methods, followed by mixed methods, with little qualitative research methods employed. Few studies provided a definition of student engagement, and less than half were guided by a theoretical framework. The courses investigated used blended learning and text-based tools (e.g. discussion forums) most often, with undergraduate students as the primary target group. Stemming from the use of educational technology, behavioural engagement was by far the most often identified dimension, followed by affective and cognitive engagement. This mapping article provides the grounds for further exploration into discipline-specific use of technology to foster student engagement.
256 citations
TL;DR: The experience of carrying out three research studies aimed at exploring health care delivery in the context of COVID-19 is reflected, highlighting the importance of qualitative data to inform evidence-based public health responses and providing a way forward to global research teams who wish to implement similar rapid qualitative studies.
Abstract: Social scientists have a robust history of contributing to better understandings of and responses to disease outbreaks. The implementation of qualitative research in the context of infectious epidemics, however, continues to lag behind in the delivery, credibility, and timeliness of findings when compared with other research designs. The purpose of this article is to reflect on our experience of carrying out three research studies (a rapid appraisal, a qualitative study based on interviews, and a mixed-methods survey) aimed at exploring health care delivery in the context of COVID-19. We highlight the importance of qualitative data to inform evidence-based public health responses and provide a way forward to global research teams who wish to implement similar rapid qualitative studies. We reflect on the challenges of setting up research teams, obtaining ethical approval, collecting and analyzing data in real-time and sharing actionable findings.
240 citations
27 May 2020
TL;DR: Using qualitative in addition to quantitative designs will equip us with better tools to address a greater range of research problems, and to fill in blind spots in current neurological research and practice.
Abstract: This paper aims to provide an overview of the use and assessment of qualitative research methods in the health sciences. Qualitative research can be defined as the study of the nature of phenomena and is especially appropriate for answering questions of why something is (not) observed, assessing complex multi-component interventions, and focussing on intervention improvement. The most common methods of data collection are document study, (non-) participant observations, semi-structured interviews and focus groups. For data analysis, field-notes and audio-recordings are transcribed into protocols and transcripts, and coded using qualitative data management software. Criteria such as checklists, reflexivity, sampling strategies, piloting, co-coding, member-checking and stakeholder involvement can be used to enhance and assess the quality of the research conducted. Using qualitative in addition to quantitative designs will equip us with better tools to address a greater range of research problems, and to fill in blind spots in current neurological research and practice.
215 citations
TL;DR: Common standards of rigor, quality scholarship criteria, and best practices for qualitative research from design through dissemination are reviewed.
Abstract: Attributes of rigor and quality and suggested best practices for qualitative research design as they relate to the steps of designing, conducting, and reporting qualitative research in health professions educational scholarship are presented. A research question must be clear and focused and supported by a strong conceptual framework, both of which contribute to the selection of appropriate research methods that enhance trustworthiness and minimize researcher bias inherent in qualitative methodologies. Qualitative data collection and analyses are often modified through an iterative approach to answering the research question. Researcher reflexivity, essentially a researcher’s insight into their own biases and rationale for decision-making as the study progresses, is critical to rigor. This article reviews common standards of rigor, quality scholarship criteria, and best practices for qualitative research from design through dissemination.
01 Jan 2020
TL;DR: The qualitative research question provides the conceptual base and the direction for actual research involvements as discussed by the authors. But the actual process of doing qualitative research involves gathering evidence (data) and making sense of collected data bodies.
Abstract: The qualitative research question provides the conceptual base and the direction for actual research involvements. But the actual process of ‘doing’ research involves gathering evidence (data) and making sense of collected data bodies. The successful handling of these processes of dealing with data—that are multifaceted and quite challenging processes—requires some prior planning. The planning is a complex theoretical undertaking and is compounded by numerous practical considerations. Moreover, in addition to a priori planning for the project, you need to constantly assess the early plan and modify it to meet the emerging conditions of the inquiry process. This vibrant and challenging process of planning for your qualitative research is called ‘designing’. This chapter is about designing qualitative language education research as the link between the theoretical considerations and the practical side of the research endeavor.
31 May 2020
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of student psychology on online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic was identified, and the need for severe efforts in assisting the psychological well-being of students through the involvement of counselors and psychologists.
Abstract: The Indonesian government formally enforces rules of study, worship, and work from home from March 16, 2020. Minimizing and limiting meetings involving physical contact is an effort to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 virus. These conditions have implications for the effectiveness of the learning process in higher education. The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of student psychology on online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method uses a qualitative research type of phenomenology. The research subjects were 30 students of Mulawarman University who were interviewed via telephone. The research findings show that (1) students have started to get bored with online learning after the first two weeks of learning from home, (2) considerable anxiety on research subjects whose parents have low income, because they have to buy quotas to be able to participate in online learning, ( 3) mood or mood changes occur due to too many assignments and are considered ineffective by students. Suggestions and recommendations from this research are the need for severe efforts in assisting the psychological well-being of students through the involvement of counselors and psychologists.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated and gained important new insights of a group interviewing method with vulnerable people and their support group, adapted and transferred online during Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and found that the benefits include being comfortable, non-intrusive and safe; engaging and convenient; online communication ease and easy set-up.
Abstract: Purpose: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created a challenging, yet opportunistic, environment in which to conduct transformative service research (TSR) and assess research methodology. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate and gain important new insights of a group interviewing method with vulnerable people and their support group, adapted and transferred online during COVID-19. Design/methodology/approach: This research examines the experiences of 35 participants (nine family groups composed of parents and young people), involved in a research project that explores a sensitive topic, youth alcohol consumption and family communication, that was moved online during lockdown. Researcher reflections on running group interviews face-to-face prior to COVID- 19 and online during lockdown are included in the data. Findings: Thematic analysis of participant interviews and researcher reflections reveals four key benefits and three limitations of online group interviews with vulnerable people and their support group. The benefits include being comfortable, non-intrusive and safe; engaging and convenient; online communication ease and easy set-up. The limitations relate to lack of non-verbal communication, poor set-up, and privacy and access issues. Practical implications: The global environment is uncertain and being able to implement effective qualitative research online is essential for TSR and service research in the future. This paper provides a step by step procedure for an innovative online group interviewing technique that can be used by TSR and qualitative service researchers. Originality/value: Conducting research during a pandemic has provided unprecedented insights into qualitative research approaches and methodology. This paper contributes to literature on service and TSR methodology by providing a framework for researchers to investigate vulnerable groups online in an effective, safe and non-intrusive way. The framework also has the potential to be applied to other service contexts.
TL;DR: Thematic analysis (TA) as a qualitative analytic method is widely used in health care, psychology, and beyond as discussed by the authors, however, scant details are often given to demonstrate the process of data analysis.
Abstract: Thematic analysis (TA), as a qualitative analytic method, is widely used in health care, psychology, and beyond. However, scant details are often given to demonstrate the process of data analysis, ...
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to briefly explore the ways in which data collection and analysis methods have been adapted in qualitative research to deal with short study timeframes.
Abstract: Qualitative researchers are under increasing time demands to rapidly collect, analyze, and disseminate the results of their findings. Adaptations to qualitative methods may be required to enable the use of timely and relevant qualitative data across multiple disciplinary settings. The aim of this review is to briefly explore the ways in which data collection and analysis methods have been adapted in qualitative research to deal with short study timeframes. We carried out a two-phased systematic review of the literature and determined there were six primary reasons why rapid techniques were used: (a) reduce time, (b) reduce cost, (c) increase the amount of collected data, (d) improve efficiency, (e) improve accuracy, and (f) obtain a closer approximation to the narrated realities of research participants. In addition, we analyzed the characteristics of the articles, how traditional methods were adapted and evaluated, the benefits and limitations of using rapid techniques, and future recommendations.
TL;DR: In this paper, a qualitative study was conducted to explore how students perceived the COVID-19 crisis and what their personal experiences were while studying during the global pandemic, and data saturation was achieved after analyzing the reports of 33 undergraduate nursing students, using the inductive thematic saturation method.
Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the latest pandemic with a high rate of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Crises like these can harm the academic functioning and psychophysical health of nursing students. With this qualitative study, we aim to explore how students perceive the COVID-19 crisis and what their personal experiences were while studying during the global pandemic. In the study, data saturation was achieved after analyzing the reports of 33 undergraduate nursing students, using the inductive thematic saturation method. Data were collected using an online form, which students filled out, describing their perceptions and experiences. Qualitative inductive content analysis of students’ reports resulted in 29 codes, indicating different student perceptions of the efficiency of state institutions in crises. All students described the spread of misinformation on social networks and the risky behavior of the population. Most are afraid of infection and worried about the well-being of their family, so they constantly apply protective measures. Students recognize their responsibility to the community and the importance and risks of the nursing profession. They also describe negative experiences with public transportation and residence in the student dorm. The fear of possible infection in the classroom is not significant, however, students are afraid of the clinical settings. Thirteen students reported difficulty in concentrating and learning, while all students praised teacher support and faculty work in this crisis.
TL;DR: Adolescents and young people's perception of the impacts of the pandemic upon them, as well as their competence to participate in the issues that directly affect them, are illustrated.
Abstract: Objective (1) To give adolescents and youth a voice and listen to the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in their lives; (2) to identify their coping strategies; (3) present lessons learned to be better prepared for future pandemics. Methods Six hundred and seventeen participants from 16 to 24 years old (M = 19.2 years; F = 19.1 years) answered the online questionnaire during the pandemic lockdown. Sociodemographic data were analyzed with SPSS version 26 and qualitative data with MAXQDA 2020. Engel's Biopsychosocial model supported the analysis and data presentation. Results in terms of impacts, stands out: biological-headaches and muscle pain; psychological-more time to perform pleasant and personal development activities, but more symptoms of depression, anxiety, and loneliness, longer screen time, and more substance use; social-increase of family conflicts and disagreements, loss of important life moments, contacts, and social skills, but it allows a greater selection of friendships. Regarding coping strategies, the importance of facing these times with a positive perspective, carrying out pleasurable activities, keeping in touch with family and friends, and establishing routines are emphasized. As lessons for future pandemics, the importance of respecting the norms of the Directorate-General for Health, the need for the National Health System to be prepared, as well as teachers and students for online learning, and studying the possibility of establishing routines with the support of television. Conclusions This study illustrates adolescents and young people's perception of the impacts of the pandemic upon them, as well as their competence to participate in the issues that directly affect them. Priorities to mitigate the impact of future pandemics are presented.
13 Mar 2020
TL;DR: Theatre of daylight: the theatre of daylight - qualitative research and school profile studies, J.G. Walker as mentioned in this paper gave personal voices a chance in social organization: the theater of daylight.
Abstract: Part 1 Giving personal voices a chance in social organization: the theatre of daylight - qualitative research and school profile studies, J. Rudduck event analysis and the study of headship, R.G. Burgess the concept of quality in action research - giving practitioners a voice in educational research, H. Altrichter. Part 2 Listening to the silent voice behind the talk: finding a silent voice for the researcher - using photographs in evaluation and research, R. Walker why I like to look - on the use of videotape as an instrument in educational research, H. Mehan cross-cultural, comparative, reflective interviewing in Schonhausen and Rosenville, G. and L. Spindler. Part 3 Keeping authentic voices alive and well: voices of beginning teachers - computer-assisted listening to their common experiences, G.L. Huber and C.M. Garcia empty explanations for empty wombs - an illustration of a secondary analysis of qualitative data, S. Reinharz an epilogue - putting voices together, M. Schratz.
TL;DR: The issues of trustworthiness in qualitative leisure research, often demonstrated through particular techniques of reliability and/or validity, are often either nonexistent, unsubstantial, or unexplaine.
Abstract: Issues of trustworthiness in qualitative leisure research, often demonstrated through particular techniques of reliability and/or validity, is often either nonexistent, unsubstantial, or unexplaine...
University of Ottawa1, McMaster University2, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute3, University of Calgary4, Alberta Health Services5, University of Canberra6, University of Alberta7, University of Western Ontario8, McGill University9, University of Northern British Columbia10, York University11, University of Saskatchewan12, University of Dundee13, University of Limerick14, University of New Mexico15
TL;DR: This qualitative study is the first to systematically synthesise experts’ perspectives and experiences in a comparison of collaborative research approaches to facilitate conceptual clarity in use, reporting, indexing and communication among researchers, trainees, knowledge users and stakeholders to advance IKT and implementation science.
Abstract: Research funders in Canada and abroad have made substantial investments in supporting collaborative research approaches to generating and translating knowledge as it is believed to increase knowledge use. Canadian health research funders have advocated for the use of integrated knowledge translation (IKT) in health research, however, there is limited research around how IKT compares to other collaborative research approaches. Our objective was to better understand how IKT compares with engaged scholarship, Mode 2 research, co-production and participatory research by identifying the differences and similarities among them in order to provide conceptual clarity and reduce researcher and knowledge user confusion about these common approaches. We employed a qualitative descriptive method using interview data to better understand experts’ perspectives and experiences on collaborative research approaches. Participants’ responses were analysed through thematic analysis to elicit core themes. The analysis was centred around the concept of IKT, as it is the most recent approach; IKT was then compared and contrasted with engaged scholarship, Mode 2 research, co-production and participatory research. As this was an iterative process, data triangulation and member-checking were conducted with participants to ensure accuracy of the emergent themes and analysis process. Differences were noted in the orientation (i.e. original purpose), historical roots (i.e. disciplinary origin) and partnership/engagement (i.e. role of partners etc.). Similarities among the approaches included (1) true partnerships rather than simple engagement, (2) focus on essential components and processes rather than labels, (3) collaborative research orientations rather than research methods, (4) core values and principles, and (5) extensive time and financial investment. Core values and principles among the approaches included co-creation, reciprocity, trust, fostering relationships, respect, co-learning, active participation, and shared decision-making in the generation and application of knowledge. All approaches require extensive time and financial investment to develop and maintain true partnerships. This qualitative study is the first to systematically synthesise experts’ perspectives and experiences in a comparison of collaborative research approaches. This work contributes to developing a shared understanding of collaborative research approaches to facilitate conceptual clarity in use, reporting, indexing and communication among researchers, trainees, knowledge users and stakeholders to advance IKT and implementation science.
TL;DR: These guidelines for reporting formative qualitative research used to develop robust and acceptable quantitative study protocols and corresponding survey instruments in HPR should aid researchers, reviewers, and regulatory agencies and promote transparency within HPR more broadly.
Abstract: Formative qualitative research is foundational to the methodological development process of quantitative health preference research (HPR). Despite its ability to improve the validity of the quantitative evidence, formative qualitative research is underreported. To improve the frequency and quality of reporting, we developed guidelines for reporting this type of research. The guidelines focus on formative qualitative research used to develop robust and acceptable quantitative study protocols and corresponding survey instruments in HPR. In December 2018, a steering committee was formed as a means to accumulate the expertise of the HPR community on the reporting guidelines (21 members, seven countries, multiple settings and disciplines). Using existing guidelines and examples, the committee constructed, revised, and refined the guidelines. The guidelines underwent beta testing by three researchers, and further revisions to the guidelines were made based on their feedback as well as on comments from members of the International Academy of Health Preference Research (IAHPR) and the editorial board of The Patient: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research. The guidelines have five components: introductory material (4 domains), methods (12), results/findings (2), discussion (2), and other (2). They are concordant with existing guidelines, published examples, beta-testing results, and expert comments. Publishing formative qualitative research is a necessary step toward strengthening the foundation of any quantitative study, enhancing the relevance of its preference evidence. The guidelines should aid researchers, reviewers, and regulatory agencies and promote transparency within HPR more broadly.
01 Jun 2020
TL;DR: In this article, a systematic review explored qualitative studies with a focus on mental health services and the requisite social support service policies and programs for LGBTQI+ youth and found that community, school, and family resources to support resilience will optimize the mental health of these youth, and they identified five core themes: isolation, rejection, phobia, need for support, marginalization, depression, self-harm and suicidality.
Abstract: Due to increased levels of stigma, discrimination and victimization Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Questioning or Intersex (LGBTQI+) youth face particular challenges in society. With the intention of better understanding the challenges and issues that LGBTQI+ youth are experiencing, this systematic review explored qualitative studies with a focus on mental health services and the requisite social support service policies and programs for LGBTQI+ youth. Qualitative research systematically examines the expressed thoughts and feelings of the research participants, and through reflective analysis of the themes and links discussed, can provide rich and nuanced understanding. A synthesis of the included studies identified five core themes: (1) Isolation, rejection, phobia, need for support; (2) Marginalization; (3) Depression, self-harm and suicidality; (4) Policy and environment; and (5) Connectedness. Key results suggest that community, school, and family resources to support resilience will optimize LGBTQI+ mental health. This systematic review of qualitative research provides a source of rich information to inform the provision of services and policies that will address the disparity into mental health statistics for the LGBTQI+ population.
TL;DR: This article aims to encourage new qualitative researchers to become reflexive as they develop their critical research skills, differentiating between the familiar concept of reflection and reflective practice and that of reflexivity.
Abstract: Reflexivity can be a complex concept to grasp when entering the world of qualitative research. In this article, we aim to encourage new qualitative researchers to become reflexive as they develop their critical research skills, differentiating between the familiar concept of reflection and reflective practice and that of reflexivity. Although reflection is, to all intents and purposes, a goal-oriented action with the aim of improving practice, reflexivity is a continual process of engaging with and articulating the place of the researcher and the context of the research. It also involves challenging and articulating social and cultural influences and dynamics that affect this context. As a hallmark of high-quality qualitative research, reflexivity is not only an individual process but one that needs to be considered a collective process within a research team, and communicated throughout the research process. In keeping with our previous articles in this series, we have illustrated the theoretical concept of reflexivity using practical examples of published research.
TL;DR: It is argued that intersectionality-informed approaches, which examine the ways in which one's multiple social identities interact to inform risk for eating disorder outcomes, offer an established framework for identifying frequently underserved individuals who may be at greatest risk for EDs.
Abstract: Disparities in eating disorder (ED) risk, diagnosis, and treatment for those who occupy multiple marginalized social identities (e.g., combined racial/ethnic and sexual minority statuses), underscore the need for advancing multicultural research in the ED field. In this article, we argue that intersectionality-informed approaches, which examine the ways in which one's multiple social identities interact to inform risk for ED outcomes, offer an established framework for identifying frequently underserved individuals who may be at greatest risk for EDs. We highlight preliminary intersectional research in EDs and offer suggestions for further progression. In particular, we encourage future intersectionality-informed research to incorporate a broader range of social identities (e.g., age, ability status), consider the ways in which these identities may be dimensional and fluid, and embrace strengths-based approaches to illuminate dimensions of identity that may serve as protective factors. To support such research, we describe quantitative and qualitative methods for pursuing questions of intersectionality in ED investigations. Given the success of intersectionality-informed research in other areas of psychopathology and its relevance to ED as suggested by initial research, the continued pursuit of these approaches in EDs has high potential to improve identification and treatment for patients who have too often been overlooked.
TL;DR: In the field of sport psychology, a number of researchers have initiated discussions about issues of rigour and quality in qualitative inquiry as mentioned in this paper, and the importance of qualitative methods in sport psychology.
Abstract: Amid the increasing use of qualitative methods in the field of sport psychology, a number of researchers have initiated discussions about issues of rigour and quality in qualitative inquiry. Method...
TL;DR: This paper provides researchers with recommendations, specific examples, and important considerations for incorporating intersectionality approaches into study conceptualization, participant recruitment, data collection, and data analysis, and reviews challenges that researchers may experience in conducting research using intersectional approaches.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce and discuss World Cafe, a participatory assessment tool widely used in community development and organizational change processes, as an additional qualitative research method for qualitative research.
Abstract: We introduce and discuss “World Cafe” (WC), a participatory assessment tool widely used in community development and organizational change processes, as additional qualitative research method. We p...
TL;DR: A common suggestion from all three stakeholder groups was to include autistic adults in creating and delivering the clinician training, which highlighted a need for community education about co-occurring psychiatric conditions with autism and available treatments, in order to increase awareness about treatment options.
Abstract: Most autistic adults struggle with mental health problems, and traditional mental health services generally do not meet their needs. This study used qualitative methods to identify ways to improve ...
TL;DR: A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies exploring the research question: What do health practitioners perceive enhances their readiness to address domestic violence and abuse finds a health practitioners’ readiness framework called the CATCH Model (Commitment, Advocacy, Trust, Collaboration, Health system support).
Abstract: Health practitioners play an important role in identifying and responding to domestic violence and abuse (DVA). Despite a large amount of evidence about barriers and facilitators influencing health practitioners' care of survivors of DVA, evidence about their readiness to address DVA has not been synthesised. This article reports a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies exploring the research question: What do health practitioners perceive enhances their readiness to address domestic violence and abuse? Multiple data bases were searched in June 2018. Inclusion criteria included: qualitative design; population of health practitioners in clinical settings; and a focus on intimate partner violence. Two reviewers independently screened articles and findings from included papers were synthesised according to the method of thematic synthesis. Forty-seven articles were included in the final sample, spanning 41 individual studies, four systematic reviews and two theses between the years of 1992 and 2018; mostly from high income countries. Five themes were identified as enhancing readiness of health practitioners to address DVA: Having a commitment; Adopting an advocacy approach; Trusting the relationship; Collaborating with a team; and Being supported by the health system. We then propose a health practitioners' readiness framework called the CATCH Model (Commitment, Advocacy, Trust, Collaboration, Health system support). Applying this model to health practitioners' different readiness for change (using Stage of Change framework) allows us to tailor facilitating strategies in the health setting to enable greater readiness to deal with intimate partner abuse.