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Qualitative research

About: Qualitative research is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 39957 publications have been published within this topic receiving 2390470 citations. The topic is also known as: Qualitative method.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The situations in which qualitative approaches are most helpful are described and the primary principles and practices in study design, sampling, data collection, and data analysis for qualitative studies are summarized to synthesize current standards for qualitative research methods.
Abstract: Outcomes research examines the effects of medical care interventions and policies on the health outcomes of individuals and society.1 Investigators conducting outcomes research seek to inform the development of clinical practice guidelines, to evaluate the quality of medical care, and to foster effective interventions to improve the quality of care.2 Outcomes research has traditionally used quantitative sciences to examine the utilization, cost, and clinical effectiveness of medical care through randomized and nonrandomized experimental designs. Quantitative methods are not as well suited to measure other complex aspects of the healthcare delivery system, such as organizational change, clinical leadership in implementing evidence-based guidelines, and patient perceptions of quality of care, which are also critical issues in outcomes research.3–7 These more nuanced aspects of healthcare delivery may be most appropriately examined with qualitative research methods.8–10 Qualitative approaches are becoming more common in clinical medicine and health services research.5,11–15 Federal encouragement of qualitative research is regularly reflected in funding program announcements issued by the National Institutes of Health.16 For more than a decade, federal agencies and foundations such as the National Science Foundation have demonstrated a commitment to supporting qualitative research through funding scientific conferences, workshops, and monographs on this field of inquiry.17–20 Despite this steady growth in qualitative research, outcomes investigators in cardiology have relatively little guidance on when and how best to implement these methods in their investigations. The purpose of the present report is to introduce qualitative methods as providing unique and critical contributions to outcomes research. This report will describe the situations in which qualitative approaches are most helpful; summarize the primary principles and practices in study design, sampling, data collection, and data analysis for qualitative studies; present representative examples of cardiovascular outcomes research that uses qualitative methods; and synthesize current standards for …

991 citations

Book
09 Jan 2020
TL;DR: In this paper, Verstehen et al. present an approach to evaluating quality in qualitative research using qualitative data analysis. But the authors focus on the qualitative research cycle and the design cycle.
Abstract: INTRODUCTION Introduction to the Book Who is This Book For? The Qualitative Research Cycle Structure of the Book Features of this Book The Nature of Qualitative Research What is Qualitative Research? When to Conduct Qualitative Research The Underlying Interpretive Paradigm Qualitative and Quantitative Research Verstehen and Understanding The Emic and Etic Perspective Subjectivity and The Need for Reflexivity Our Approach to Qualitative Research Evaluating quality PART ONE: THE DESIGN CYCLE The Design Cycle Introduction Formulating Qualitative Research Questions Incorporating Literature and Theory Developing a Conceptual Framework Selecting a Fieldwork Approach Evaluating Quality Ethical Issues in Qualitative Research Introduction What is Ethics? Ethics in Qualitative Research Ethical Issues in the Design Cycle Ethical Issues in the Ethnographic Cycle Ethical Issues in the Analytic Cycle Evaluating quality PART TWO: THE ETHNOGRAPHIC CYCLE Participant Recruitment What is Participant Recruitment? Defining and Refining the Study Population How Many to Recruit: The Principle of Saturation Recruitment Goals Strategies for Participant Recruitment Evaluating quality In-Depth Interviews What is an In-Depth Interview? When to Conduct an In-Depth Interview Purpose of an In-Depth Interview The Cyclical Nature of Data Collection Developing an Interview Guide Preparing for Data Collection Reflecting on Subjectivity and Positionality Conducting the Interview Strengths and Limitations Evaluating Quality Focus Group Discussions What is a Focus Group Discussion? When to Conduct Focus Group Discussions The Cyclical Nature of Data Collection Developing the Discussion Guide Preparing for Data Collection Conducting the Focus Group Discussion Post-Discussion Information Strengths and Limitations Evaluating quality Observation What is Observation? When to Conduct Observation What to Observe Types of Observation Preparing and Conduct of Observation Writing an Observation Strengths and Limitations Evaluating Quality PART THREE: THE ANALYTIC CYCLE Data Preparation and Developing Codes Introduction The Nature of Qualitative Data Analysis Our Approach to Analysis Foundations of Grounded Theory Data Preparation Developing Codes Making a Codebook Coding Data Evaluating Quality Textual Data Analysis Introduction Formulating a Project-Specific Plan of Analysis Searching Data The Cyclical Process of Analysis Thick Description Comparison Categorizing and Conceptualizing Theory Development Evaluating Quality Writing Qualitative Research Writing in Qualitative Research Who is the Audience? Structure of Writing Beginning to Write Writing a Methodology Presenting Qualitative Results Evaluating Quality

988 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Tina Koch1
TL;DR: The aim of this paper is to show the way in which the decision trail of a qualitative research process can be maintained and the researcher's participation in making the data as part of an existential phenomenological research process.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to show the way in which the decision trail of a qualitative research process can be maintained. It is argued that the trustworthiness (rigour) of a study may be established if the reader is able to audit the events, influences and actions of the researcher. The actual study containing the recording of this decision trail aimed to express the concerns of older patients who were admitted to the acute care sector. The study took place in two care of the elderly wards in a 1000-bed National Health Service hospital in the UK, in 1991. Eventually, 14 patients were interviewed, each on several occasions, and their concerns are expressed in themes, namely: routine geriatric style of care, depersonalization, care deprivation and geriatric segregation. I describe the preparations that were undertaken before patient interviews could commence. The literature recording the process of the interviewer's experience as data in qualitative research is scarce. I show the researcher's participation in making the data as part of an existential phenomenological research process. Existential phenomenology relies on recording influences while generating data such as significant literature, media reports, my value position and journal data.

986 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This publication marks a historical moment-the first inclusion of qualitative research in APA Style, which is the basis of both the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA, 2010) andAPA Style CENTRAL, an online program to support APA style.
Abstract: The American Psychological Association Publications and Communications Board Working Group on Journal Article Reporting Standards for Qualitative Research (JARS-Qual Working Group) was charged with examining the state of journal article reporting standards as they applied to qualitative research and with generating recommendations for standards that would be appropriate for a wide range of methods within the discipline of psychology. These standards describe what should be included in a research report to enable and facilitate the review process. This publication marks a historical moment-the first inclusion of qualitative research in APA Style, which is the basis of both the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA, 2010) and APA Style CENTRAL, an online program to support APA Style. In addition to the general JARS-Qual guidelines, the Working Group has developed standards for both qualitative meta-analysis and mixed methods research. The reporting standards were developed for psychological qualitative research but may hold utility for a broad range of social sciences. They honor a range of qualitative traditions, methods, and reporting styles. The Working Group was composed of a group of researchers with backgrounds in varying methods, research topics, and approaches to inquiry. In this article, they present these standards and their rationale, and they detail the ways that the standards differ from the quantitative research reporting standards. They describe how the standards can be used by authors in the process of writing qualitative research for submission as well as by reviewers and editors in the process of reviewing research. (PsycINFO Database Record

982 citations

Book
19 Nov 2013

981 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20242
20236,582
202213,526
20213,149
20202,696
20192,694