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Quality of life

About: Quality of life is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 42912 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1198363 citations. The topic is also known as: life quality.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The study findings indicate that elderly people living in Tehran, Iran suffer from relatively poor HRQoL; particularly elderly women and those with lower education.
Abstract: As Iran started to experience population ageing, it is important to consider and address the elderly people's needs and concerns, which might have direct impacts on their well-being and quality of life. There have been only a few researches into different aspects of life of the elderly population in Iran including their health-related quality of life. The purpose of this study was to measure health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of elderly Iranians and to identify its some determinant factors. This was a cross-sectional survey of a random sample of community residents of Tehran aged 65 years old and over. HRQoL was measured using the Short From Health Survey (SF-36). The study participants were interviewed at their homes. Uni-variate analysis was performed for group comparison and logistic regression analysis conducted to predict quality of life determinants. In all, 400 elderly Iranian were interviewed. The majority of the participants were men (56.5%) and almost half of the participants were illiterate (n = 199, 49.8%). Eighty-five percent of the elderly were living with their family or relatives and about 70% were married. Only 12% of participants evaluated their economic status as being good and most of people had moderate or poor economic status. The mean scores for the SF-36 subscales ranged from 70.0 (SD = 25.9) for physical functioning to 53.5 (SD = 29.1) for bodily pain and in general, the respondents significantly showed better condition on mental component of the SF-36 than its physical component (mean scores 63.8 versus 55.0). Performing uni-variate analysis we found that women reported significantly poorer HRQoL. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that for the physical component summary score of the SF-36, age, gender, education and economic status were significant determinants of poorer physical health-related quality of life; while for the mental component summary score only gender and economic status were significant determinants of poorer mental health-related quality of life. The analysis suggested that the elderly people's economic status was the most significant predictor of their HRQoL. The study findings, although with a small number of participants, indicate that elderly people living in Tehran, Iran suffer from relatively poor HRQoL; particularly elderly women and those with lower education. Indeed to improve quality of life among elderly Iranians much more attention should be paid to all aspects of their life including their health, and economic status.

286 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: The time trade-off is reliable, demonstrates evidence for validity, and suggests that the quality of life for patients with end-stage renal disease is much poorer than that reported previously.
Abstract: The quality of life of patients with end-stage renal disease was estimated using the time trade-off technique. The sample included 103 transplant, 60 hospital hemodialysis, 57 home/self-care, and 52 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. Test-retest reliability was high: intra-class correlation coefficient 0.81 (p less than 0.001). The correlations of the time trade-off with the Spitzer Quality of Life index and a visual analogue scale completed by the nephrologists, nurses, friends/relatives, and the patient were positive and statistically significant, but still relatively low (r = 0.22-0.43; p less than 0.01). The time trade-off demonstrated evidence for discriminative construct validity by ordering treatment groups according to a priori prediction. The mean time trade-off values and standard deviations (where death is 0 and full health is 1) were 0.43 (0.26) for hospital hemodialysis 0.49 (0.23) for home/self-care hemodialysis, 0.56 (0.29) for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, and 0.84 (0.24) for transplant. Analysis of variance showed transplant to be different from all other groups (p less than 0.001) with age, sex, time with end-stage renal disease, and work status making no significant independent contribution. The partial correlation coefficients between time trade-off score and items in the physical, social, and emotional functioning sub-scales of the Rand questionnaire showed that physical functioning was far more important than social or emotional functioning. The time trade-off is reliable, demonstrates evidence for validity, and suggests that the quality of life for patients with end-stage renal disease is much poorer than that reported previously.

286 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Nov 1997-BMJ
TL;DR: In this article, within-person change in scores on the short form general health survey (SF-36) by age, sex, employment grade, and disease status was measured by a longitudinal study with a mean of 36 months follow up, with screening examination and questionnaire to detect physical and psychiatric morbidity.
Abstract: Objective: To measure within-person change in scores on the short form general health survey (SF-36) by age, sex, employment grade, and disease status. Design: Longitudinal study with a mean of 36 months (range 23–59 months) follow up, with screening examination and questionnaire to detect physical and psychiatric morbidity. Setting: 20 civil service departments originally located in London. Participants: 5070 male and 2197 female office based civil servants aged 39–63 years. Main outcome measures: Change in the eight scales of the SF-36 (adjusted for baseline score and length of follow up) and effect sizes (adjusted change/standard deviation of differences). Results: Within-person declines (worsening health) with age were greater than estimated by cross sectional data alone. General mental health showed greater declines among younger participants (P for linear trend Conclusions: Health functioning, as measured by the SF-36, changed in hypothesised directions with age, employment grade, and disease status. These changes occurred within a short follow up period, in an occupational, high functioning cohort which has not been the subject of intervention, suggesting that the SF-36 is sensitive to changes in health in general populations. Key messages The SF-36, an inexpensive measure of health outcomes, is capable of detecting change in health in a general population Health and functioning do not decline uniformly with age; general mental health shows greater declines among younger participants Socioeconomic status is associated inversely with baseline functioning and, independently, with decline in health The greatest declines were seen among subjects with physical and psychiatric morbidity at baseline Performance of 28 doctors and medical laboratory scientific officers in distinguishing pairs of slides

285 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Major research recommendations include exploring the ability of TBI subjects to self-report; determining the salience of domains of life for this group; developing utility instruments that are sensitive to differences in deficits in cognition and other health and life domains; and doing qualitative studies that explore the experience of QOL.

285 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
02 Jul 2009-Blood
TL;DR: Comparisons of allogeneic HCT with autologous HCT and standard-dose chemotherapy suggest impairments in QOL and a different trajectory of recovery in allogenei HCT, but these conclusions are limited by confounding variables.

285 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202234
20213,682
20203,334
20192,964
20182,699
20172,902