Topic
Quark star
About: Quark star is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3099 publications have been published within this topic receiving 81182 citations. The topic is also known as: strange star.
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TL;DR: Radio timing observations of the binary millisecond pulsar J1614-2230 that show a strong Shapiro delay signature are presented and the pulsar mass is calculated to be (1.97 ± 0.04)M⊙, which rules out almost all currently proposed hyperon or boson condensate equations of state.
Abstract: Neutron stars comprise the densest form of matter known to exist in our Universe, but their composition and properties are uncertain. Measurements of their masses and radii can constrain theoretical predictions of their composition, but so far it has not been possible to rule out many predictions of 'exotic' non-nucleonic components. Here, radio timing observations of the binary millisecond pulsar J1614-2230 are presented, allowing almost all currently proposed hyperon or boson condensate equations of state to be ruled out.
3,338 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a first-order QCD phase transition that occurred reversibly in the early universe would lead to a surprisingly rich cosmological scenario, which is at least conceivable that the phase transition would concentrate most of the quark excess in dense, invisible quark nuggets, providing an explanation for the dark matter in terms of QCD effects only.
Abstract: A first-order QCD phase transition that occurred reversibly in the early universe would lead to a surprisingly rich cosmological scenario. Although observable consequences would not necessarily survive, it is at least conceivable that the phase transition would concentrate most of the quark excess in dense, invisible quark nuggets, providing an explanation for the dark matter in terms of QCD effects only. This possibility is viable only if quark matter has energy per baryon less than 938 MeV. Two related issues are considered in appendices: the possibility that neutron stars generate a quark-matter component of cosmic rays, and the possibility that the QCD phase transition may have produced a detectable gravitational signal.
2,553 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a gauge-invariant decomposition of the nucleon spin into quark helicity, quark orbital, and gluon contributions is proposed, and the total quark contribution is measured through virtual Compton scattering in a special kinematic region where single quark scattering dominates.
Abstract: I introduce a gauge-invariant decomposition of the nucleon spin into quark helicity, quark orbital, and gluon contributions. The total quark (and hence the quark orbital) contribution is shown to be measurable through virtual Compton scattering in a special kinematic region where single quark scattering dominates. This deeply virtual Compton scattering has much potential to unravel the quark and gluon structure of the nucleon.
1,434 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate how current and proposed observations of neutron stars can lead to an understanding of the state of their interiors and the key unknowns: the typical neutron star radius and the neutron star maximum mass.
1,024 citations