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RAPD
About: RAPD is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15960 publications have been published within this topic receiving 360391 citations.
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TL;DR: Four molecular methods at the zymodeme level were applied to samples of 25 L. infantum MON-1 strains obtained from different hosts coming from three Spanish foci: Madrid, Mallorca and Ibiza, and none of the markers revealed an association with the host type or the clinical form.
83 citations
TL;DR: In this article, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprints generated from a single primer correctly identified the species of most (>98%) of the isolates identified with CHROMagar Candida plates as non-Candida albicans Candida species.
Abstract: We have characterized a method that produces simple yet diagnostic fingerprints that are unique to isolates of Candida species. DNA from individual colonies can be amplified from crude single-colony lysates. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprints generated from a single primer correctly identified the species of most (>98%) of the isolates identified with CHROMagar Candida plates as non-Candida albicans Candida species. RAPD fingerprints were much more informative than the plates, since they distinguished between all tested species and required less time. Most (91%) of these identifications agreed with those assigned by API 20C tests. In almost every incident of species identity mismatch, electrophoretic karyotyping showed that the RAPD fingerprint was correct. This underscores the improved objectivity and reliability of this method over those of conventional diagnostic tools. The identities of approximately 30% of C. albicans isolates identified in clinical laboratories by positive germ tube tests are not verified by either testing on CHROMagar Candida plates or RAPD fingerprinting. Data suggest that clinical isolates conventionally identified as C. albicans in clinical settings are heterogeneous, consisting of both misidentified and atypical yeasts. RAPD fingerprints obtained from primary culture plate colonies allows for rapid, highly accurate determinations of Candida species, hence permitting earlier selection of appropriate antifungal agents in the clinical setting.
83 citations
TL;DR: Although an influence of cocoa morphological groups and geographical origins of trees was observed, a lack of gene differentiation characterized the T. cacao accessions studied, and the Nacional type was detected to be genetically specific and different from well-known types such as Forastero, Criollo and Trinitario.
Abstract: Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were used to evaluate genetic relationships within the Theobroma cacao species and to assess the organization of its genetic diversity Genetic variability was estimated with 18 primers and 43 RFLP probes on 155 cocoa trees belonging to different morphological groups and coming from various geographic origins The majority of the RFLP probes issued from low-copy DNA sequences On the basis of on the genetic distance matrices, the two molecular methods gave related estimates of the genetic relationship between genotypes Although an influence of cocoa morphological groups and geographical origins of trees was observed, a lack of gene differentiation characterized the T cacao accessions studied The continuous RFLP variability observed within the species may reflect the hybridization and introgressions between trees of different origins Nevertheless, the Nacional type was detected to be genetically specific and different from well-known types such as Forastero, Criollo and Trinitario Some of those genotypes were characterized by a low heterozygosity rate and may constitute the original Nacional pool These results also provide information for the constitution of a cocoa tree core collection
83 citations
TL;DR: This map provides a useful tool for genetic analyses of agronomically interesting characters in M. sinensis such as flowering, yield, plant height, stem diameter and mineral constitution and the offspring cross mapping strategy is proposed to obtain a higher efficiency in developing integrated maps including both parents.
Abstract: We have used an "offspring cross" mapping strategy in combination with the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay to construct the first genetic map of the species Miscanthus sinensis (2n = 2x = 38). This map is based on an outbred population of 89 individuals resulting from the cross between two genotypes from a previously designed cross. Consequently, both parents are fullsibs. The same proportion of bi-parental markers (heterozygotic in both parents) and pseudo-testcross markers (heterozygotic in one parent and null in the other), mono-parental markers, have been obtained. A total of 383 RAPD markers were analysed within the 89 F1 plants. Out of these markers, 257 were mapped into 28 linkage groups which spanned a total map length of around 1,074.5 cM with an average density of 4.2 cM per marker. Out of 257 mapped markers, 62 were inherited from F1.1 (P1), 63 from F1.7 (P7) and 132 were bi-parental markers. The contribution to the map was equal from both parents. This map provides a useful tool for genetic analyses of agronomically interesting characters in M. sinensis such as flowering, yield, plant height, stem diameter and mineral constitution. The offspring cross mapping strategy is proposed to obtain a higher efficiency in developing integrated maps including both parents.
83 citations
TL;DR: The AFLP data assigned the species-genotypes into groups that corresponded with their origin and/or pedigree relationships and produced a 10-fold increase in the number of DNA bands per plant, compared with random amplified polymorphic DNA methods.
Abstract: Variation in the ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers has been used to establish the extent of genetic diversity and relatedness in plants. The utility of these methods to detect inter- and intra-specific variation in cotton (Gossypium spp.) has not been reported and could he useful in cultivar identification and in marker assisted selection. The objectives of this study were to: (i) determine the molecular organization of the rDNA genes by restriction enzyme mapping and (ii) assess the level of AFLPs in Old and New World species of cotton. A restriction site map of the rDNA gene structure of G. hirsutum L. ev. TMI was constructed from DNA digested with 12 restriction enzymes and hybridized to heterologous probes. Four EcoRI-MseI primer-pair combinations were used for the AFLP analysis. The rDNA gene structure in cotton was found to be similar to that of most higher plants. The rDNA repeat size was 9.4 kbp in G. hirsutum and G. barbadense L., and 9.6 and 9.8 kbp in G. arboreum L. and G. herbaceum L., respectively. No intraspecific polymorphism was detected in the spacer. The presence of two SspI sites in G. arboreum and G. herbaceum and a single site in G. hirsutum and G. barbadense separated Old and New World cottons. The AFLP method produced a 10-fold increase in the number of DNA bands per plant, compared with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) methods. The AFLP data assigned the species-genotypes into groups that corresponded with their origin and/or pedigree relationships.
83 citations