Rapeseed

About: Rapeseed is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2945 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51790 citations. The topic is also known as: Brassica napus & rape.

Genotype ✕ Environment Interaction Effects on Winter Rapeseed Yield and Oil Content

Abstract: Since rapeseed (Brassica napus L. subsp. oleifera (Metzg.) Sinsk. f. biennis) is a relatively new crop in the USA, little is known about cultivar performance across diverse environments. During the 1986-1987, 1987-1988 and 1988-1989 growing seasons, six cultivars of winter rapeseed were grown at 12, 16, and 17 locations across the USA, respectively. These genetically diverse cultivars were grown as controls in the U.S. Winter Rapeseed Variety Trial (.)

Capturing sequence variation among flowering-time regulatory gene homologs in the allopolyploid crop species Brassica napus

Abstract: Flowering, the transition from the vegetative to the generative phase, is a decisive time point in the lifecycle of a plant. Flowering is controlled by a complex network of transcription factors, photoreceptors, enzymes and miRNAs. In recent years, several studies gave rise to the hypothesis that this network is also strongly involved in the regulation of other important lifecycle processes ranging from germination and seed development through to fundamental developmental and yield-related traits. In the allopolyploid crop species Brassica napus, (genome AACC), homoeologous copies of flowering time regulatory genes are implicated in major phenological variation within the species, however the extent and control of intraspecific and intergenomic variation among flowering-time regulators is still unclear. To investigate differences among B. napus morphotypes in relation to flowering-time gene variation, we performed targeted deep sequencing of 29 regulatory flowering-time genes in four genetically and phenologically diverse B. napus accessions. The genotype panel included a winter-type oilseed rape, a winter fodder rape, a spring-type oilseed rape (all B. napus ssp. napus) and a swede (B. napus ssp. napobrassica), which show extreme differences in winter-hardiness, vernalization requirement and flowering behaviour. A broad range of genetic variation was detected in the targeted genes for the different morphotypes, including non-synonymous SNPs, copy number variation and presence-absence variation. The results suggest that this broad variation in vernalisation, clock and signaling genes could be a key driver of morphological differentiation for flowering-related traits in this recent allopolyploid crop species.

Identification of resistant sources against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica species with emphasis on B. oleracea

Abstract: Stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most devastating diseases of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) which causes huge loss in rapeseed production. Genetic sources with high level of resistance has not been found in rapeseed. In this study, 68 accessions in six Brassica species, including 47 accessions of B. oleracea, were evaluated for leaf and stem resistance to S. sclerotiorum. Large variation of resistance was found in Brassica, with maximum differences of 5- and 57-folds in leaf and stem resistance respectively. B. oleracea, especially its wild types such as B. rupestris, B. incana, B. insularis, and B. villosa showed high level of resistance. Our data suggest that wild types of B. oleracea possess tremendous potential for improving S. sclerotiorum resistance of rapeseed.

Effect of plant density on development and yield of rapeseed and its significance to recovery from hail injury

Abstract: The ability of rapeseed crops (Brassica campestris L. ’Torch’ and B. napus L. ’Tower’) to recover from, and compensate for, loss of plants at the early vegetative stage of development was investigated by hand thinning plant populations established at commercial seeding rates with commercial seeding equipment. Plant density was reduced from 100-200 plants m−2 to 40 plants m−2 with less than a 20% loss in seed yield. Seeds per pod and seed weight in some instances increased with reduced plant density. However, compensation was attributed predominantly to an increased number of pods on the remaining plants, which increased from 20-90 to as many as 600. Branching increased from as few as 3 to, in some instances, almost 40. With reduced plant population there was a tendency for increased and prolonged accumulation of dry matter by the plants following flowering.Key words: Brassica campestris L., Brassica napus L., rapeseed, development, seed yield, hail.