Rapeseed

About: Rapeseed is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2945 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51790 citations. The topic is also known as: Brassica napus & rape.

Canola Proteins for Human Consumption: Extraction, Profile, and Functional Properties

Abstract: Canola protein isolate has been suggested as an alternative to other proteins for human food use due to a balanced amino acid profile and potential functional properties such as emulsifying, foaming, and gelling abilities. This is, therefore, a review of the studies on the utilization of canola protein in human food, comprising the extraction processes for protein isolates and fractions, the molecular character of the extracted proteins, as well as their food functional properties. A majority of studies were based on proteins extracted from the meal using alkaline solution, presumably due to its high nitrogen yield, followed by those utilizing salt extraction combined with ultrafiltration. Characteristics of canola and its predecessor rapeseed protein fractions such as nitrogen yield, molecular weight profile, isoelectric point, solubility, and thermal properties have been reported and were found to be largely related to the extraction methods. However, very little research has been carried out on the hydrophobicity and structure profiles of the protein extracts that are highly relevant to a proper understanding of food functional properties. Alkaline extracts were generally not very suitable as functional ingredients and contradictory results about many of the measured properties of canola proteins, especially their emulsification tendencies, have also been documented. Further research into improved extraction methods is recommended, as is a more systematic approach to the measurement of desired food functional properties for valid comparison between studies.

Canola and Rapeseed: Production, Chemistry, Nutrition and Processing Technology

Abstract: Part 1: Production and seed improvement. Rapeseed and canola: Global production and distribution. North American production of canola. Agronomy of canola in the United States. New developments in canola research. The role of biotechnology in canola/rapeseed research. Part 2: Chemistry, analysis, and nutritional effects. Canola fatty acids - an ideal mixture for health, nutrition, and food use. Stability of canola oil. Hydrogenation of canola oil. Glucoinsulates: Structure - properties - function. Phytates in canola/rapeseed. Phenolic acids and tannins in rapeseed and canola. Carbohydrates of canola and rapeseed. Application of near infrared to analysis of oil, protein, chlorophyll and glucoinsulates in canola/rapeseed. Part 3: Commercial processing and new developments. Commercial processing of canola and rapeseed: Crushing and oil extraction. Further processing of canola and rapeseed oil. Enzyme pretreatment to enhance oil extractability in canola. Removal of glucoinsulates and other antinutritional from canola and rapeseed by methonal rapeseed and production of high quality products.

Functional propreties of rapeseed flours, concentrates and isolate

Abstract: The functional properties of rapeseed meal, flours, protein concentrates and isolate were evaluated in comparison with those of soybean. Generally, rapeseed products were lower in protein but higher in crude fiber and ash contents than the corresponding soybean flour, concentrate or isolate, Rapeseed flours were comparable to soybean flour in water absorption but showed much higher nitrogen solubility, fat absorption, oil emulsification, whippability and foam stability. The viscoamylograph curves for rapeseed flours were characterized by intermediate peak and high cold viscosities, but their gelation properties were poor. Unfortunately, flour from the low glucosinolate cultivar, Tower, contained 1.2 mg/g of glucosinolates, primarily oxazolidinethione, and only the detoxified concentrates and isolate would be safe for human consumption. Rapeseed concentrates and isolate showed excellent water-and fat-holding capacity and the isolate was high in oil emulsification and whipping characteristics. While superior to soybean products in most functional tests, the utilization of rapeseed products may be limited by green or brown colors in the aqueous slurries.

Brassica carinata as an alternative oil crop for the production of biodiesel in Italy: engine performance and regulated and unregulated exhaust emissions.

Abstract: A comparison of the performance of Brassica carinata oil-derived biodiesel with a commercial rapeseed oil-derived biodiesel and petroleum diesel fuel is discussed as regards engine performance and regulated and unregulated exhaust emissions. B. carinata is an oil crop that can be cultivated in coastal areas of central-southern Italy, where it is more difficult to achieve the productivity potentials of Brassica napus (by far the most common rapeseed cultivated in continental Europe). Experimental tests were carried out on a turbocharged direct injection passenger car diesel engine fueled with 100% biodiesel. The unregulated exhaust emissions were characterized by determining the SOOT and soluble organic fraction content in the particulate matter, together with analysis of the content and speciation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, some of which are potentially carcinogenic, and of carbonyl compounds (aldehydes, ketones) that act as ozone precursors. B. carinata and commercial biodiesel behaved similarl...