Rapeseed

About: Rapeseed is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2945 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51790 citations. The topic is also known as: Brassica napus & rape.

Storage stability of farm.stored rapeseed and barley

Abstract: Rapeseed was more vulnerable than barley to pest infestation when 46 and 52 t, respectively, were stored in farm bins in Manitoba during 1973–76. The fat acidity of unheated barley did not increase in 3 yr, but that of rapeseed increased by 65% in the 1st yr and 120% by the 3rd yr; in a small heated pocket of rapeseed, fat acidity rose in the 3rd yr by 1,000%. Cladosporium was the major field fungus of rapeseed and Alternaria of barley. Penicillium and members of Aspergillus glaucus group were the major storage fungi associated with rapeseed. Unlike barley, rapeseed was heavily infested by grain mites, Acarus immobilis, Glycyphagus destructor, and their predators, Blattisocius keegani and Cheyletus eruditus. Test insects, Cryptolestes ferrugineus and Tribolium castaneum, introduced in both bins, could not overwinter. Turning of both crops in the spring reduced temperature and moisture differences between the warm center and cooler edges, but it also dispersed fungal spores and mites throughout the bulks. ...

Effect of linseed and rapeseed or linseed and rapeseed oil on performance, slaughter yield and fatty acid deposition in edible parts of the carcass in broiler chickens

Abstract: The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of linseed and rapeseed or respective oils on performance indices, nutrient digestibility, metabolizable energy of diets, digesta viscosity, and yield and chemical composition of edible and non-edible parts of the carcass of broiler chickens, with particular attention to n-3 PUFA. Two experiments were performed on 134 female broiler chickens, randomly allocated to 3 groups of 22 birds (Experiment 1) or 2 groups of 24 birds (Experiment 2) and 10 birds to a zero group. The chickens were kept in individual cages. Five wheat-based and xylanase-supplemented diets containing about 80 g crude fat per kg were prepared. The source of added fat was in control diet lard (61 g/kg), in experimental diets half of the lard was substituted by: linseed oil (LO) or full-fat linseed (L), rapeseed oil (RO) or full-fat rapeseed (R). Chickens were given the control or experimental diets from days 8 to 42 of life, then they were slaughtered, the carcasses were divided into edible and non-edible parts, and their chemical composition determined. Feeding diet with rapeseed did not significantly affect BWG or FCR, while linseed caused an increase in feed intake and subsequent deterioration in FCR, which in groups C, LO, and L equalled 1.82, 1.73 and 2.0, respectively. The viscosity of jejunal digesta in group L reached 4.5 mPas.s in comparison with about 1.5 in all of the remaining groups. Organic matter retention and AMEN value of diet L was lower than in diets C and LO (P≤0.05), while apparent protein and fat digestibility, organic matter retention, and the AMEN value of diet R was lower than RO (P≤0.01). Protein retention and meat yield was lower in group L than in both of the other groups (P≤0.05). The deposition * Supported in part by the State Committee for Scientific Research, Grant No. 5 P06E 031 15 1 Corresponding author: e-mail s.smulikowska@ifzz.pan.pl 272 FULL FAT SEEDS AND OILS FOR CHICKENS 273 NGUYEN C.V. ET AL. of n-3 PUFA in the carcass was in groups R and RO 2 times greater, in groups L and LO 8 times greater than in the control group. The ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA, which approximated 10 in edible parts of broilers from the control group, decreased to about 4.7 in groups R and RO, and to about 1.3 in groups L and LO. This shift may be considered favourable for consumers of broiler meat, as an increase of n-3 fatty acid intake is connected with health benefits in humans.

Genome-Wide Association Study of Cadmium Accumulation at the Seedling Stage in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.).

Abstract: Cadmium is a potentially toxic heavy metal to human health. Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), a vegetable and oilseed crop, might also be a Cd hyperaccumulator, but there is little information on this trait in rapeseed. We evaluated Cd accumulation in different oilseed accessions and employed a genome-wide association study to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to Cd accumulation. A total of 419 B. napus accessions and inbred lines were genotyped with a 60K Illumina Infinium SNP array of Brassica. Wide genotypic variations in Cd concentration and translocation were found. Twenty-five QTLs integrated with 98 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located at 15 chromosomes were associated with Cd accumulation traits. These QTLs explained 3.49-7.57% of the phenotypic variation observed. Thirty-two candidate genes were identified in these genomic regions, and they were 0.33-497.97 kb away from the SNPs. We found orthologs of Arabidopsis thaliana located near the significant SNPs on the B. napus genome, including NRAMP6 (natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 6), IRT1 (iron-regulated transporter 1), CAD1 (cadmium-sensitive 1), and PCS2 (phytochelatin synthase 2). Of them, four candidate genes were verified by qRT-PCR, the expression levels of which were significantly higher after exposure to Cd than in the controls. Our results might facilitate the study of the genetic basis of Cd accumulation and the cloning of candidate Cd accumulation genes, which could be used to help reduce Cd levels in edible plant parts and/or create more efficient hyperaccumulators.

A new variety of low-linolenic rapeseed oil; characteristics and room-odor tests

Abstract: Two Canadian rapeseed oils, “Westar” and “low-linolenic”, supplied by the Canola Council were studied and compared with a French rapeseed. The linolenic acid content of the low-linolenic variety is about 3%. This drop in the C18∶3 is completely compensated for by an increase in the C18∶2. Seventy-two percent of the triglycerides with at least one linolenic chain disappeared. A strong increase in the OOL and OLL was observed. The room-odor tests showed that the “low-linolenic” had a significantly higher odor score than the French rapeseed and the “Westar”, both of these being very similar. A fruity odor dominated in the “low-linolenic”, and the fishy painty odors were particularly reduced.