Rapeseed

About: Rapeseed is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2945 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51790 citations. The topic is also known as: Brassica napus & rape.

Rapeseed Cake as a Biomass Source

Abstract: The term biomass source covers purpose-grown agricultural crops (oil seeds), conventional agricultural crops (sugar and starch), trees, and novel species (C 3 and C 4 ), as well as agricultural, forest, agroindustrial and domestic wastes, effluents, and residues. Among these sources, cakes (meals) that are residual products derived from oil seed plants have significant potential. All over the world rapeseed plant is grown widely and a significant amount of it can be obtained following rapeseed oil making. Most of the cake is evaluated as an animal meal. In this study, physical and chemical properties of rapeseed cake have been determined and presented as a biomass source candidate.

Proteins From Canola/Rapeseed: Current Status

Abstract: Canola/rapeseed (Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, and Brassica juncea of canola quality) is the world’s second-largest oilseed crop. The primary product of canola/rapeseed (C/RS) is vegetable oil (40% by seed weight) and the protein-rich meal (38% protein by meal weight) is a coproduct. Nutritionally, C/RS proteins are comparable with soybean and contain more S-amino acids than many other oilseed meals. Current knowledge on C/RS protein is extensive, however the main research emphasis in the past has been in the use of meal protein in animal feed rather than food-grade protein products. Customized processing interventions for C/RS are required to obtain a suitable protein for food use and current commercial oil extraction techniques amplify these challenges. To date, there has been limited effort to improve the C/RS protein quality or quantity through plant breeding compared to the efforts to improve oil quality and yield. The essential combination of economically competitive technologies, formulation of compatible food products and satisfactory scientific data for regulatory approval is needed for C/RS proteins to succeed as an ingredient in consumer foods.

Genome-Wide Association Study Provides Insight into the Genetic Control of Plant Height in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.).

Abstract: Plant height is a key morphological trait of rapeseed. In this study, we measured plant height of a rapeseed population across six environments. This population contains 476 inbred lines representing the major Chinese rapeseed genepool and 44 lines from other countries. The 60K Brassica Infinium® SNP array was utilized to genotype the association panel. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed via three methods, including a robust, novel, nonparametric Anderson-Darling (A-D) test. Consequently, 68 loci were identified as significantly associated with plant height (P 0.1), we found plausible candidates orthologous to the documented Arabidopsis genes involved in height regulation. One significant association found by GWAS colocalized with the established height locus BnRGA in rapeseed. Our results provide insights into the genetic basis of plant height in rapeseed and may facilitate marker-based breeding.

Evaluation of Salinity Tolerance of Canola Germination

Abstract: Canola (Brassica napus L., B. rapa L., Brassicaceae) is a genetically altered form of rapeseed with low erucic acid, a 22-carbon chain fatty acid that is used in a variety of polymer and lubricant products. Interest in canola is increasing steadily among health-conscious consumers due to its lowest content of saturated fatty acids (<70 g/kg) among major oil seeds. Domestic production of canola would reduce the import costs, enhance the productivity of American farms, and diversify agriculture (Starner et al. 1995). Canola oil is now the third largest source of edible oil following soybean and palm oil (Nowlin 1991). This increased demand, and the need for crop diversification, will undoubtedly promote increased acreage of canola in the western US, where some soils are prone to become saline (Francois 1994). Sims et al. (1993) reported that canola yields in Montana increased greatly with increased availability of water under normal conditions with lowered mean oil content. The average yield of 2.2 to 2.7 t/ha with oil content of 32% to 49% has been reported in Virginia during 1992 to 1995 (Virginia Agricultural Statistics 1995). The traditional approach to the cropping of arid lands has been to use conventional cultivars and modify the soil and water to meet the needs of the crop, or to make genetic selections from established cultivars for improved performance under arid conditions. Saline soils and saline irrigation waters present potential hazards to canola production. Germination is one of the most critical periods for a crop subjected to salinity. Germination failures on saline soils are often the results of high salt concentrations in the seed planting zone because of upward movement of soil solution and subsequent evaporation at the soil surface (Bernstein 1974). These salts interfere with seed germination and crop establishment (Fowler 1991). In an effort to develop the low erucic acid cultivars, the plant breeders are at the same time attempting to look for seedlings, which are tolerant to salinity. The two species of canola B. napus and B. campestris are classified as tolerant to salinity as per Maas and Hoffman (1977) salt tolerance classification table. Maas (1990) reported that even though both the species exhibit high salinity thresholds, the rate of yield decline above the thresholds was much greater than most other crops in the tolerant category. Shafii et al. (1992) reported that winter canola cultivars grown Pacific northwest had significantly higher oil content than the same ones grown in the Southeastern US. The tolerance of canola to salinity during germination however has not been reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate the germination response of canola to a wide range of cultivars, salinity levels, temperatures, and to determine their interactions.