Topic
Rapeseed
About: Rapeseed is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2945 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51790 citations. The topic is also known as: Brassica napus & rape.
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TL;DR: A statistical model to resolve the heterosis of the interspecific hybrid between Brassica napus and B. campestris is proposed and a new way to make use of the subgenomic heterosis is also discussed.
Abstract: Laboratory screening with DNA-based markers and field measurements of biomass production were carried out on each of the 120 trigenomic hybrids, obtained by interspecific hybridization between Brassica napus (AACC) and Brassica campestris (A′A′). The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between molecular markers and biomass heterosis of the interspecific hybrid between B. napus and B. campestris, which has been explored practically in rapeseed production for many years. The experiment was first carried out on 65 trigenomic hybrids in 1999. The average over-mid-parent heterosis of biomass production was around 30%, and the highest value was 175.4%. In the following year, the observation was expanded to 120 trigenomic hybrids and the best average over-mid-parent heterosis was 93%. A total of 1,477 DNA fragments, generated by Southern hybridization with 50 Brassica cDNA clones and 25 Arabidopsis EST clones, was scored across their parental lines. One hundred and twenty six and 215 fragments were identified as significantly associated with biomass production respectively in the 2 successive years. Using these active markers, a statistical model to resolve the heterosis is proposed and a new way to make use of the subgenomic heterosis is also discussed.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the functional properties of the fractionated rapeseed materials were characterized for its relevance in food applications and the similarities of the rheological properties between rapeseed protein concentrates and soy materials, as well as presence of native proteins in RPI might suggest their potential for diverse in food industry applications.
Abstract: Rapeseed protein concentrate (RPC) and isolate (RPI) were fractionated from rapeseed meal and their techno-functional properties were characterized. RPC prepared by aqueous ethanolic washing process yielded less refined and insoluble fractions with largely denatured protein. Hydrated insoluble RPC particles held 6.7 g water without swelling. RPI fractionated from aqueous extraction and ultrafiltration still contained certain phenolic compounds but protein nativity was preserved including a high protein solubility of 78%. RPC dispersion with 40 w/w % showed the highest apparent complex modulus G* among all rapeseed materials. In contrast, the G* for RPI dispersion increased upon heating, suggesting a thermal induced denaturation and gelation capacity of the proteins. Thus, a largely denatured RPC free of phenolic compounds or a native but phenolic containing RPI were obtained by the applied processing conditions, which differ in their techno-functional properties and thus have different promising application potential in food applications. Industrial relevance The growing demand for plant as opposed to animal protein has sparked the interest of exploring currently underutilized plant protein sources in food industry. Rapeseed by-products obtained after oil extraction are promising but the presence of anti-nutritional components in rapeseed meal presents a barrier for its usage in food products. Aqueous ethanolic washing or aqueous extraction combined with membrane filtration were applied to remove the antinutritional factors from rapeseed meal to yield rapeseed protein concentrates and even more refined isolates. In this work, the functional properties of the fractionated rapeseed materials were characterized for its relevance in food applications. The similarities of the rheological properties between rapeseed protein concentrates and soy materials, as well as presence of native proteins in RPI might suggest their potential for diverse in food industry applications.
36 citations
TL;DR: Embryos excised from the seed of rapeseed accumulated glucosinolate from the culture medium and it is suggested that a carrier-mediated transport system is operating in the developing embryo.
Abstract: Embryos excised from the seed of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) accumulated glucosinolate from the culture medium. Uptake was saturable, subject to inhibition, varied with the developmental stage of the embryo but correlated with the time of accumulation of glucosinolates in situ. It is suggested that a carrier-mediated transport system is operating in the developing embryo.
36 citations
TL;DR: Resynthesized forms of rapeseed generated from interspecific hybridization between suitable genotypes of its diploid progenitors Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea represent a potentially useful resource to introduce resistance against the fungal pathogen Verticillium longisporum into the gene pool of oilseed rape.
Abstract: Resynthesized (RS) forms of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.; genome AACC, 2n = 38) generated from interspecific hybridization between suitable genotypes of its diploid progenitors Brassica rapa L. (syn. campestris; genome AA, 2n = 20) and Brassica oleracea L. (CC, 2n = 18) represent a potentially useful resource to introduce resistance against the fungal pathogen Verticillium longisporum into the gene pool of oilseed rape. Numerous cabbage (B. oleracea) accessions are known with resistance to V. longisporum; however, B. oleracea generally has high levels of erucic acid and glucosinolates in the seed, which reduces the suitability of resulting RS rapeseed lines for oilseed rape breeding. In this study resistance against V. longisporum was identified in the cabbage accession Kashirka 202 (B. oleracea convar. capitata), a zero erucic acid mutant, and RS rapeseed lines were generated by crossing the resistant genotype with two spring turnip rape accessions (B. rapa ssp. olerifera) with zero erucic acid. One of the resulting zero erucic acid RS rapeseed lines was found to have a high level of resistance to V. longisporum compared with both parental accessions and with B. napus controls. A number of other zero erucic acid RS lines showed resistance levels comparable to the parental accessions. In the most resistant RS lines the resistance and zero erucic acid traits were combined with variable seed glucosinolate contents. Erucic acid-free RS rapeseed with moderate seed glucosinolate content represents an ideal basic material for introgression of quantitative V. longisporum resistance derived from B. oleracea and B. rapa into elite oilseed rape breeding lines.
36 citations
TL;DR: Canola is the registered trademark of the Canola Council of Canada for the seed, oil and meal derived from rapeseed cultivars low in erucic acid and low in glucosinolates as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Canola is the registered trademark of the Canola Council of Canada for the seed, oil and meal derived from rapeseed cultivars low in erucic acid and low in glucosinolates. Conversion to canola cultivars on a commercial scale started in 1976; in 1981, ca. 87% of the brassica-based oil crop in Canada was of canola quality. Canola oil is the most important oil in Canada. Processing of the oil is, in its essentials, conventional. A few problems not usually encountered with other oils are its chlorophyll content which requires extra processing and analytical effort, and certain limitations in crystallization behavior when highly hydrogenated. Advantages are that stable oils can be produced at moderate degree of hydrogenation, and without hydrogenation in the case of salad oil. New developments in processing of the oil have led to the production of acid-degummed, crude oil on a commercial scale. This opens the possibility to apply physical refining to the oil.
36 citations