Topic
Rapid eye movement sleep
About: Rapid eye movement sleep is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3740 publications have been published within this topic receiving 183415 citations. The topic is also known as: REM sleep & REMS.
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62 citations
TL;DR: There is a marked variability among individuals in the number of spindles and K-complexes and more so in older individuals than in younger, however, there is an overall decrease in these events with age.
62 citations
TL;DR: There is still some compelling evidence for an association between sleep duration (for both objective or subjective measurements of duration) and architecture with one or more T2D biomarkers in children and adolescents.
Abstract: Lack of sleep is a modifiable risk factor for adverse health in humans. Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality are common in the pediatric population; the largest decline in sleep duration over the past decades has been seen in children and adolescents. The objective of the present narrative review was to provide for the first time an overview of the literature on sleep and its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) biomarkers in children and adolescents. For this narrative review, 23 studies were retained (21 observational and 2 experimental studies). Notwithstanding the conflicting results found in these studies and despite being attenuated by adiposity level, maturity, sex and age, there is still some compelling evidence for an association between sleep duration (for both objective or subjective measurements of duration) and architecture with one or more T2D biomarkers in children and adolescents. The majority of the studies reviewed did focus on sleep duration and one or more T2D biomarkers in children and adolescents, but sleep architecture, more precisely the suppression of slow wave sleep and rapid eye movement sleep, has also been shown to be associated with insulin resistance. Only two studies looked at sleep quality, and the association between sleep quality and insulin resistance was not independent of level of adiposity. Future experimental studies will help to better understand the mechanisms linking insufficient sleep with T2D. Work also needs to be carried out on finding novel and effective strategies aimed at improving sleep hygiene and health outcomes of children and adolescents.
62 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that the recorded limbic potentials resulted from propagation of PGO activity and that this phenomenon may reflect the limbic structure of the hallucinatory, vegetative, and emotional components of REM sleep.
Abstract: We analyzed the electrical activity of the basolateral amygdala (BLA), anterior and posterior regions of the cingulate gyrus (A-CG and P-CG), the dorsal hippocampus (DH), the anterior ventral thalamic nucleus (AVTN), and the sensory motor cortex during the rapid eye movements and ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) activity of REM sleep in cats in chronic preparation. Polygraphic recordings and computational perievent averages using the phasic contractions of the lateral rectus muscle (LR) of the eyeball as the triggering signal of the analysis were performed. We observed biphasic potentials (200-300 ms) of variable amplitude, related to the phasic phenomena of REM sleep, in the BLA, A-CG, P-CG, DH, and AVTN. The latencies of the potentials of these regions were always greater than those of the geniculate PGO activities. We propose that the recorded limbic potentials resulted from propagation of PGO activity and that this phenomenon may reflect the limbic structure of the hallucinatory, vegetative, and emotional components of REM sleep.
62 citations
TL;DR: The results support a growing body of data indicating that not all antidepressants suppress REM sleep and are consistent with the interpretation of an earlier study showing that trazodone prolongs penile tumescence during sleep as a result of its alpha-adrenergic blocking properties that suppress detumescence.
Abstract: This study examined the effects of nefazodone, trazodone and buspirone on sleep and sleep-related penile tumescence. Trazodone is a sedating antidepressant without anticholinergic properties. Nefazodone is a new antidepressant that is a structural analogue of trazodone but is less sedating. Buspirone is a nonsedating, nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic with antidepressant properties. Nefazodone was compared to trazodone and buspirone in a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study in 12 normal healthy males. Nefazodone increased rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, whereas trazodone and buspirone suppressed REM sleep. The drugs only minimally affected other sleep stages. Trazodone increased total tumescence time by delaying the onset of detumescence; nefazodone increased total tumescence time only insofar as it increased REM sleep; buspirone did not change total tumescence time when compared to placebo. The results support a growing body of data indicating that not all antidepressants suppress REM sleep. The results also are consistent with the interpretation of an earlier study showing that trazodone prolongs penile tumescence during sleep as a result of its alpha-adrenergic blocking properties that suppress detumescence. Nefazodone, with less alpha-adrenergic blocking activity, did not abnormally penile tumescence beyond REM sleep.
61 citations