Topic
Rarefaction
About: Rarefaction is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1852 publications have been published within this topic receiving 26943 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a model based on an over-expanded region of air in front of the loaded face of the target was proposed to evaluate the blast pressure acting on small targets subjected to blast loads.
Abstract: When a blast wave strikes a finite target, diffraction of the blast wave around the free edge causes a rarefaction clearing wave to propagate along the loaded face and relieve the pressure acting at any point it passes over. For small targets, the time taken for this clearing wave to traverse the loaded face will be small in relation to the duration of loading. Previous studies have not shown what happens in the late-time stages of clearing relief, nor the mechanism by which the cleared reflected pressure decays to approach the incident pressure. Current design guidance assumes a series of interacting clearing waves propagate over the target face - this assumption is tested in this article by using numerical analysis to evaluate the blast pressure acting on small targets subjected to blast loads. It is shown that repeat propagations of the rarefaction waves do not occur and new model is proposed, based on an over-expanded region of air in front of the loaded face of the target.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a weak solution around a rarefaction wave to the Cauchy problem is constructed by approximating the system and regularizing the initial values which may contain vacuum states.
Abstract: In this paper, we study the asymptotic stability of rarefaction waves for the compressible isentropic Navier–Stokes equations with density-dependent viscosity. First, a weak solution around a rarefaction wave to the Cauchy problem is constructed by approximating the system and regularizing the initial values which may contain vacuum states. Then some global in time estimates on the weak solution are obtained. Based on these uniform estimates, the vacuum states are shown to vanish in finite time and the weak solution we constructed becomes a unique strong one. Consequently, the stability of the rarefaction wave is proved in a weak sense. The theory holds for large-amplitudes rarefaction waves and arbitrary initial perturbations.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a compressible, multiphase, one-fluid inviscid solver has been developed to investigate the behavior of various cavitation models and a new source term for the mass transfer between phases is proposed.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the velocities of rarefaction waves in MgO by observing the reduction of the shock front velocity near the sample edges due to the rare faction waves propagating from the edges.
Abstract: The velocities of rarefaction waves in shock-compressed MgO have been measured by observing the reduction of the shock front velocity near the sample edges due to the rarefaction waves propagating from the edges. The extent of this ‘edge effect’ is difficult to determine accurately because of its emergent nature. Arrangements sensitive to differences in shock front velocity yielded rarefaction wave velocities close to predicted longitudinal velocities in the high-pressure shock state. Velocities closer to the hydrodynamic sound speed in the shock state were obtained from less sensitive arrangements. These results can be interpreted in terms of a two-stage elastoplastic model of the decompression. The longitudinal velocities measured in shock states up to 528 kb imply second pressure derivatives of the elastic moduli c_(ij)″, given by K_0c_(ij)″ = −1 ± 15, where K is the bulk modulus.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the continuous thickening of a solid-liquid suspension by gravity sedimentation as an initial-boundary value problem of a nonlinear conservation equation and showed that the solids concentration follows a hysterisis path as the applied flux increases and then decreases.
49 citations