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Rationality

About: Rationality is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20459 publications have been published within this topic receiving 617787 citations.


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Book
01 Jan 1991
TL;DR: Teachers as researchers, good work and critical inquiry connecting knower and known - constructing an emancipating system of meaning exploring assumptions behind education research - the nature of positivism what constitutes knowledge? purposes of research as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Teachers as researchers, good work and critical inquiry connecting knower and known - constructing an emancipating system of meaning exploring assumptions behind education research - the nature of positivism what constitutes knowledge? purposes of research - the concept of instrumental rationality the quest for certainty verifiability the value of the qualitative dimension values, objectivity, and ideology an example - historiographical research for teachers.

914 citations

Book
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: In this article, a dual process theory of thinking is presented, in which a distinction between tacit and explicit cognitive systems is developed, and the authors argue that much of human capacity for rationality is invested in tacit cognitive processes, which reflect both innate mechanisms and biologically constrained learning.
Abstract: This book addresses an apparent paradox in the psychology of thinking. On the one hand, human beings are a highly successful species. On the other, intelligent adults are known to exhibit numerous errors and biases in laboratory studies of reasoning and decision making. There has been much debate among both philosophers and psychologists about the implications of such studies for human rationality. The authors argue that this debate is marked by a confusion between two distinct notions: (a) personal rationality (rationality1Evans and Over argue that people have a high degree of rationality1 but only a limited capacity for rationality2. The book re-interprets the psychological literature on reasoning and decision making, showing that many normative errors, by abstract standards, reflect the operation of processes that would normally help to achieve ordinary goals. Topics discussed include relevance effects in reasoning and decision making, the influence of prior beliefs on thinking, and the argument that apparently non-logical reasoning can reflect efficient decision making. The authors also discuss the problem of deductive competence - whether people have it, and what mechanism can account for it.As the book progresses, increasing emphasis is given to the authors' dual process theory of thinking, in which a distinction between tacit and explicit cognitive systems is developed. It is argued that much of human capacity for rationality1 is invested in tacit cognitive processes, which reflect both innate mechanisms and biologically constrained learning. However, the authors go on to argue that human beings also possess an explicit thinking system, which underlies their unique - if limited - capacity to be rational.

901 citations

Book
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a diagnosis of the functionalism issue: meaning, other people and the world: the division of linguistic labour elms, beeches and searle the contribution of the environment an indexical component other natural kinds references and theory change meaning and "Mental representation".
Abstract: Part 1 Meaning and mentalism: Fodor and Chomsky three reasons why mentalism can't be right connections between 1,2, and 3. Part 2 Meaning, other people and the world: the division of linguistic labour elms, beeches and searle the contribution of the environment an indexical component other natural kinds references and theory change meaning and "Mental Representation". Part 3 Fodor and Block on "Narrow Content": narrow content as a "Function of Observable Properties" "Narrow Content" and "Conceptual Role" concluding remarks. Part 4 Are there such things as reference and truth?: why "Folk Psychology" and not "Folk Logic"? disquotation, anyone? the "Semantical Conception" of truth disquotation as disappearance. Part 5 Why functionalism didn't work: sociofunctionalism what "In Principle" means here the single-computational-state version of functionalism equivalence surveying rationality. Part 6 Other forms of functionalism: David Lewis and I Lewis's theory further examined conclusion. Part 7 A sketch of an alternative picture: objectivity and conceptual relativity internal realism as an alternative picture my present diagnosis of the "Functionalism" issue.

898 citations

Book
05 Jun 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose three concepts of free action: identification and externality, the importance of what we care about, what we are mortally responsible for, and wholeheartedness.
Abstract: Preface Sources 1. Alternate possibilities and moral responsibility 2. Freedom of the will and the concept of a person 3. Coercion and moral responsibility 4. Three concepts of free action 5. Identification and externality 6. The problem of action 7. The importance of what we care about 8. What we are mortally responsible for 9. Necessity and desire 10. On bullshit 11. Equality as a moral ideal 12. Identification and wholeheartedness 13. Rationality and the unthinkable.

891 citations

Book
01 Jan 1991
TL;DR: Feenberg as discussed by the authors discusses the possibility of a radical reform of industrial society and challenges the assumption that modern society, with its emphasis on technological reasoning, has condemned its members to mindless work and subservience to the dictates of management.
Abstract: Feenberg discusses the possibility of a radical reform of industrial society. He challenges the assumption that modern society, with its emphasis on technological reasoning, has condemned its members to mindless work and subservience to the dictates of management. In doing so, he presents a new interpretation of the relationship between technology, rationality, and democracy.

870 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023921
20221,963
2021645
2020689
2019682
2018753