Topic
Rationality
About: Rationality is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20459 publications have been published within this topic receiving 617787 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the comparative subfield still needs to reckon with the noninstrumental aspect of religious behavior, the power of religion as an independent variable, and the differential appeal, persuasiveness, and political salience of religious ideas over time.
Abstract: Studies of religion and politics have begun to force their way into the mainstream of the discipline thanks to their increasing methodological sophistication and theoretical ambition in addition to the push of real-world events. In comparative politics, puzzle-driven structured comparison has yielded new insights into the rationality of religious behavior, the weight of path dependence in shaping religious values, and the play of socioeconomic factors in shaping religion's vitality. In international relations, recognition of the importance of religious identities and values in the play of international affairs has spelled an advance over realist caricatures that long discounted ideas as epiphenomenal and focused on the quest for wealth and power as the sole driver of international politics. But notable lacunae remain. The comparative subfield still needs to reckon with the noninstrumental aspect of religious behavior, the power of religion as an independent variable, and the differential appeal, persuasiveness, and political salience of religious ideas over time. The IR subfield must move beyond “paradigm wars” focused on whether religion matters in international politics in favor of more empirically grounded, structured comparison to illuminate when and why religion matters in international affairs.
120 citations
TL;DR: Normative pragmatics can bridge the differences between dialectical and rhetorical theories in a way that saves the central insights of both as mentioned in this paper, and it can be used to bridge the difference between rhetorical and dialectical theories by integrating notions of rhetorical strategy and rhetorical situation with dialectical norms and procedures for reasonable deliberation.
Abstract: Normative pragmatics can bridge the differences between dialectical and rhetorical theories in a way that saves the central insights of both. Normative pragmatics calls attention to how the manifest strategic design of a message produces interpretive effects and interactional consequences. Argumentative analysis of messages should begin with the manifest persuasive rationale they communicate. But not all persuasive inducements should be treated as arguments. Arguments express with a special pragmatic force propositions where those propositions stand in particular inferential relations to one another. Normative pragmatics provides a framework within which varieties of propositional inference and pragmatic force may be kept straight. Normative pragmatics conceptualizes argumentative effectiveness in a way that integrates notions of rhetorical strategy and rhetorical situation with dialectical norms and procedures for reasonable deliberation. Strategic effectiveness should be seen in terms of maximizing the chances that claims and arguments will be reasonably evaluated, whether or not they are accepted. Procedural rationality should be seen in terms of adjustment to the demands of concrete circumstances. Two types of adjustment are illustrated: rhetorical strategies for framing the conditions for dialectical deliberation and rhetorical strategies for making do with limitations to dialectical deliberation.
120 citations
01 Jan 2008
120 citations
TL;DR: Three broad axes of change in the contemporary government of pregnancy are presented as a case study of governance: the subjectification of the foetus, antenatal risk management and liberal government ofregnancy.
Abstract: Three broad axes of change in the contemporary government of pregnancy are presented as a case study of governance: the subjectification of the foetus, antenatal risk management and liberal government of pregnancy. Qualifying studies that privilege popular visual representation of the foetus, the formation of the ‘public foetus’ is argued to be the object and effect of a co-patterning of lingual and visual distinctions across a variety of biomedical text types. The second axis of change, risk management of pregnancy, is shown to be a clinical risk technique conforming to neither insurantial nor neoliberal risk organization, thereby suggesting the heterogeneity of risk technologies. Lastly, struggles to govern pregnancy consistently with patient autonomy/freedom display what Foucault termed the ‘polymorphism’ of liberalism as a political rationality. The practices of freedom develop polymorphicly in relation to claims of unfreedom; the rationality of liberal governance establishes the practices of freedom ...
120 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors critique human resource development (HRD) dominant philosophy, practices, and research; illustrate how they negatively affect women HRD practitioners and how they affect women's empowerment.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to critique human resource development's (HRD) dominant philosophy, practices, and research; illustrate how they negatively affect women HRD practitioners and recipie...
120 citations