Showing papers on "Rear-end collision published in 2007"

Hierarchical Longitudinal Controller for Rear-End Collision Avoidance

Abstract: Rear-end collision is a very serious problem in modern traffic situations, and there have been a great number of research reports on the longitudinal control method for road vehicles. In many cases, however, the control problem is formulated under platoon configuration and for some predictable noncollision situations. For predictable collision situations, regional and hierarchical approaches have been employed, but these approaches render difficulties due to ignorance for modeling error and logical error in a decision process. In this paper, the vehicle control for collision avoidance is studied with two control objectives, i.e., minimization of the safety distance error and regulation of the relative velocity between two vehicles. For this, a longitudinal controller using terminal sliding mode (TSM) with hierarchical structure is proposed for rear-end collision avoidance. The TSM is employed to achieve convergence in finite time, while the hierarchical approach is used for the system to accommodate the intelligence of the driver to handle various situations. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by software simulations

Rear-end collision damage reducing device and rear-end collision damage reducing method

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To comprehensively reduce damage caused by a rear-end collision accident, by further reducing secondary damage even when the rear-end collision accident is caused SOLUTION: In this rear-end collision damage reducing device 10, a control scenario drawing-up processing part 11e determines a control parameter required for automatically controlling travel of one's own vehicle by drawing up a control scenario such as the existence of a car model of a succeeding vehicle and kinetic energy, a car model of the one's own vehicle and kinetic energy and an existing object in front of the one's own vehicle, a determination of whether or not to admit a rear-end collision to an obstacle existing in front of the one's own vehicle, a determination of the secondary damage likely caused when admitting the rear-end collision, a determination of avoidance of the secondary damage likely caused when admitting the rear-end collision and a determination of substitute damage generated when the one's own vehicle moves forward when avoiding the rear-end collision A control scenario performance control part 11f automatically controls travel of the one's own vehicle so as to comprehensively reduce the total damage quantity of primary damage, the secondary damage and the substitute damage in the rear-end collision of the succeeding vehicle to the one's own vehicle based on this control parameter COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Irregular Vehicle Behavior Warning Modules

Abstract: This study develops an on-board decision module to issue appropriate warnings when the equipped vehicle's traveling track is irregular. While a vehicle is running on a road, there is a potential danger of accidents if the driver is distracted by fatigue, drowsiness, food, talk, or influenced by alcohol or drug, etc. Common types of accidents that take place on a freeway are lateral and rear-end collision. Therefore, measuring vehicle behavior is a way more relevant in terms of ensuring the security of driving behavior. This study presents two modules: one for detecting irregular tracking and the other for measuring longitudinal relationship with the preceding vehicles. According to the simulations, the proposed modules are satisfactory.

Vehicle rear-end collision prevention device

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a rear-end collision between a vehicle and a vehicle succeeding the vehicle and traveling. SOLUTION: Present position information of one's own vehicle is calculated in a position calculation part 40, and target point position information of a closest target point set inside a route is acquired from map data, for example, in a route setting part 41. A distance from a present position to the closest target point is calculated in a distance calculation part 42. Driving data DU(t)=aA(t), B(t), V(t)} with an accelerator opening A(t), a brake operation amount B(t), and a vehicle speed V(t) as elements are read, and it is estimated whether a driver performs vehicle stop action in the target point based on the driving data DU(t) and a template T mr in a driving action estimation part 45 when the distance to the target point is a decision start distance or below. When it is estimated that the driver performs the vehicle stop action, stop notification information showing the effect that the own vehicle stops is transmitted toward the rearward of the own vehicle in a stop information transmission part 50. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Impact energy reducing device in rear-end collision of vehicle

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an impact energy reducing device at the time of rear-end collision of a vehicle capable of precluding a contacting interference with any obstacle lying ahead at the time of rear-end collision and also reducing the impact energy due to rear-end collision while the risk of making rear-end collision in the brake stopped condition is avoided. SOLUTION: The impact energy reducing device is equipped with a backward inter-vehicle distance sensor to sense the condition of the following vehicle and an associated collision sensor, a forward inter-vehicle sensor to sense the inter-vehicle distance between any obstacle lying ahead and the vehicle concerned, and a forward movable distance setting means to set the forward movable distance from the stop position of the vehicle to the position not attaining the obstacle on the basis of the sensed value of the inter-vehicle distance given by an inter-vehicle distance sensing means, and a vehicle movement controlling means to weaken the braking force when judgement is such that at least a rear-end collision is possible on the basis of the backward vehicle condition given by a backward vehicle condition sensing means while it is the brake stopped situation, and to admit movement of the vehicle concerned for the forward movable distance set by the forward movable distance setting means. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Rear-end collision automatic warning system of vehicle

Abstract: An automatic rear collision warning system of a vehicle is provided to identify a collision accident by comparing an impedance value of a glass antenna with a critical value. A glass antenna(16) is installed at a rear glass of a vehicle in order to receive a signal of a public communication network. An impedance measurement module senses impedance of the glass antenna. A communication antenna receives a GPS signal and performs operations for receiving or transmitting a signal from or to a mobile communication network. A warning unit(14) transmits a warning signal through the communication antenna to a particular place and a particular person. A vehicle state control unit(11) determines a state of rear collision by monitoring intensity of a signal measured by the impedance measurement module.

The Study of the Freeway Vehicle Rear-end Collision Warning System Based on GIS/GPS

Abstract: The paper analyses the reason of accident on the highway.It obtains the safe distance function if considering the driver and the vehicle.And it brings a frame about the Freeway Vehicle Rear-end Collision Warning System based on GIS/ GPS,and found the flow chart of vehicle warning.This system is advantageous to prevent the accident,enhance the highway safe.

The Safety Analysis of Accesses in Two-lane Highways

Abstract: On the basis of substantive investigation and data collection which includes the data of the highway and traffic and accident,the quantitative influence of the accesses on the safety of two-lane highways is analyzedThe analyzing methods such as single factor and multi-factors are usedIt is found that the accesses have important influence on the total accident rate and rear-end collision accident rate,especially on the laterThe quantitative results are accomplished as wellThe number of total accident,light accident and above,roadside accident,rear accident,and collision accident are all increased with the access density increasedOn two-lane montanic highways,the number of total accident increased 436% and the number of rear end collision accident increased 119% when the access density increased per unit

Influence of vehicle properties on neck injuries in rear-end collisions

Abstract: Analyses were conducted to clarify the features of rear-end collisions, using an integrated accident database developed by the Institute for Traffic Accident Research and Data Analysis (ITARDA). Focusing on neck injuries in rear-end collisions, analyses were made of the relation to struck-vehicle properties. Regarding the relation to the initial year of registration, the results did not show that newer vehicles tended to have a lower no-neck-injury rate, which was defined in this study as an index. On the contrary, in some passenger car classes, it was observed that the no-neck-injury rate was higher in newer vehicles. The effect of an active head restraint system, which is one type of anti-whiplash device, was analyzed by using not only the no-neckinjury rate but also a regression analysis. The results showed that the effect of an active head restraint system on suppressing the incidence of neck injuries was statistically significant.