Rear-end collision

About: Rear-end collision is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 618 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5666 citations. The topic is also known as: shunt.

Rear Impact Neck Protection by Reducing Occupant Forward Acceleration - A Study of Cars on Swedish Roads Equipped with Crash Recorders and a New Anti-Whiplash Device

Abstract: By changing the seat force-deflection characteristics in an older car model without a certain whiplash-protection system, an after market Anti-Whiplash Device (AWD) was evaluated. In a rear impact, the forward acceleration of the occupant is reduced by a force controlled yielding of the seat front attachments. The aim is to evaluate the injury reducing effect of a principal system by studies of real-life accidents and crash tests. Approximately 8,000 cars were fitted with the AWD to the driver's seat and approximately 12,000 of the same car model formed a control group. All cars were equipped with a crash recorder, which measures the acceleration time history at the moment of impact. The risk of persisting symptoms (> 6 months) was significantly lower for drivers in cars fitted with AWD than without. The crash tests show that the risk is more than halved with the AWD than without. For the covering abstract see ITRD E141807.

Localisation-based autonomous vehicle rear-end collision avoidance by emergency steering

Abstract: Rear end collision is one hazard accident for an autonomous vehicle. Emergency braking has already been deeply researched and applied into some new model vehicles to avoid rear-end collision or mitigate its impacts. Emergency steering is another promising method to enhance vehicle safety; this kind of collision avoidance approach remains to be carefully studied. To fill this gap, this work proposes an emergency steering based rear-end collision avoidance approach concerning required safe distance as safety index. Vehicle dynamics, Tire Slip Angle and Segal lateral force model, are concerned to obtain the vehicle states. Monte Carlo simulation is executed to determine the value of required safe distance when encountering with a stationary and a suddenly decelerating target vehicle at different velocities. Safe Distance Margin and quantised influence two indexes are proposed to assess the influence of measurement uncertainty. Simulation and road test experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective to avoid rear-end collision by emergency steering manoeuvre. Moreover, some aspects, like vehicle lateral stability, emergency manoeuvre selection and simultaneously emergency manoeuvres are discussed as well in this work in order to apply this collision avoidance method into practical application.

A novel rear-end collision warning system using neural network ensemble

Abstract: Negligence of a driver or a sudden stop of a forward vehicle can cause rear-end collision. In this paper, we propose a new situation assessment algorithm to determine collision probability to prevent the rear-end collision. The proposed algorithm consists of two phases: coarse assessment and fine assessment. In the coarse assessment, the algorithm selects a target vehicle with the highest possibility of collision by using fuzzy logic. In fine assessment, it determines collision probability based on a statistical approach considering driving maneuvers; it models the driving maneuvers to enable the driver to operate the vehicle in conditions toward the collision and calculates the collision probability as the ratio between the total driving maneuvers and the driving maneuvers in possible collisions. To reduce the simulation time complexity, we adapt a neural network. Since there exist variance of widths for different vehicles, we also apply neural network ensemble to cope with the variance. Numerical evaluation of the proposed method is provided through simulations and practical tests.

Vehicle rear-end collision early warning system based on GPS locating information and wireless communication network

Abstract: The utility model discloses a vehicle rear-end collision early warning system based on GPS (Global Positioning System) locating information and a wireless communication network. The early warning system adopts the structure that vehicle-mounted GPS terminals are arranged on a plurality of running vehicles; the plurality of vehicle-mounted GPS terminals are in wireless communication connection with a database for storing GPS position information; a background server is connected with the database; and a data acquisition unit, a front-and-rear vehicle operating data calculating unit and an alarming decision-making unit are arranged on the background server in wireless communication connection with the vehicle-mounted GPS terminals, wherein the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring the current position data of the front and rear vehicles, the front-and-rear vehicle operating data calculating unit is used for calculating the operating data of the front and rear vehicles, and the alarming decision-making unit is used for judging whether alarming is needed or not according to the operating data of the front and rear vehicles. The vehicle rear-end collision early warning system based on GPS locating information and the wireless communication network can effectively prevent rear-end collision and guarantees safe running of the vehicles.