Rear-end collision

About: Rear-end collision is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 618 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5666 citations. The topic is also known as: shunt.

Performance of seating systems in a fmvss no. 301 rear impact crash test

Abstract: Seating systems are designed for occupant comfort as well as for affording occupant protection in various crash modes. FMVSS No. 207 specifies seat performance criteria, of which, one requires that a seat back withstand a minimum of 373 Nm moment measured about the seating reference point. The sufficiency of this requirement has been a source of significant debate. Some researchers believe that the potential hazards from a seat back collapsing in a rear impact include: the inability to control the vehicle in the event of a second impact, ejection of the occupant from the seat and injury to the rear seat occupant when struck by the front seat. In spite of the greater strength of current production seats than FMVSS No. 207 requirements, there are still anecdotal cases of front and rear occupant injuries and fatalities due to seat back collapse. NHTSA has in the past stated that improving seating system performance may be more complex than simply increasing the strength of the seat (57 FR 54958). Seat back force-deflection characteristics and energy management along with occupant interaction with the seat upholstery, head restraint and belt restraints may all play critical roles in mitigation of injuries in rear impacts. This paper examines the performance of original equipment manufacturer (OEM) seat systems in a series of FMVSS No. 301 crash tests of 2002 model year vehicles by using the instrumented 50th percentile male Hybrid III dummy. For the covering abstract see ITRD E825082.

Development and Evaluations of Advanced Emergency Braking System Algorithm for the Commercial Vehicle

Abstract: This paper presents the development and evaluation of the Advanced Emergency Braking System (AEBS) algorithm for the commercial vehicle. The AEBS is the system to slow the vehicle and mitigate the severity of an impact when a rear end collision probability is increased. To mitigate a rear end collision of the commercial heavy truck, the AEBS is comprised of a millimeter wave radar sensor, CCD camera and vehicle parameters which are processed to judge the likelihood of a collision occurring. If the likelihood of a rear end collision with an obstacle is judged as probable, warning signals are provided by the AEBS algorithm to alert the driver. If the driver fails to react to the warnings when the collision likelihood is judged as being high, the AEBS algorithm applies autonomous braking in order to reduce the impact speed. To demonstrate the control performance of the proposed AEBS algorithm, a longitudinal vehicle model of the commercial target vehicle was developed by using the real vehicle’s test data and vehicle dynamics. Also, closed-loop simulation of the AEBS was conducted. In order to indicate the safety level of the driving situation, new safety indexes are suggested. From the simulation results and analysis of using the safety indexes, it is shown that the proposed AEBS algorithm can enhance the commercial heavy truck's longitudinal safety in a dangerous driving situation, which can be occur in a rear-end collision.

Universal automatic vehicle safety protection device

Abstract: A all-function full-automatic protector of vehicle for sound and light alarm and automatically preventing collision and rear end collision features that the obstacle can be sensed by convex lens and photoelectric tube, the fatigue of driver can be sensed by human body inductor, the vehicle failure can be sensed by thermosensitive resistors, the unbalance of vehicle can be sensed by acceleration unbalance instrument, the vehicles which will be meeting or will cause rear collision can be sensed by infrared receiving head and microphone, and said devices are monitored respectively by active control meter and special left and right control meters for taking relative measurements.

Structural Crashworthiness Simulation of a Rear End Collision of a Small European Car

Abstract: Rear impact is the third most common accident scenario encountered in road vehicles and interest in it has grown steadily over the years due to the fact that more and more cars on congested motorways and urban roads are experiencing rear collisions. This has given impetus for much research into the performance of the rear structures, which are lightweight with little strength and hence absorb little energy in a crash condition. This paper investigates and qualifies load carrying capability of structural members in the rear part of a small European car with a view to reducing the severity of injury to occupants and minimise luggage damage. It also describes a 90 degrees rear impact simulation and stipulates a variety of structural component test procedures vital in obtaining input data for the computer model, as well as for the qualification of component design. Experimental tests are carried out quasi-statically in order to understand the behaviour and the individual contribution of components with regard to the overall performance of the car structure. Comparisons between finite element analysis and experimental results are discussed. Language: en

Irregular Vehicle Behavior Warning Modules

Abstract: This study develops an on-board decision module to issue appropriate warnings when the equipped vehicle's traveling track is irregular. While a vehicle is running on a road, there is a potential danger of accidents if the driver is distracted by fatigue, drowsiness, food, talk, or influenced by alcohol or drug, etc. Common types of accidents that take place on a freeway are lateral and rear-end collision. Therefore, measuring vehicle behavior is a way more relevant in terms of ensuring the security of driving behavior. This study presents two modules: one for detecting irregular tracking and the other for measuring longitudinal relationship with the preceding vehicles. According to the simulations, the proposed modules are satisfactory.