Rear-end collision

About: Rear-end collision is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 618 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5666 citations. The topic is also known as: shunt.

A situation and threat assessment algorithm for a rear-end collision avoidance system

Abstract: Rear-end collisions are common accident scenarios and a frequent cause of these accidents is driver distraction. This paper presents a situation assessment (SA) algorithm that estimates driver distraction by continuously assessing the steering actions of the driver. A collision avoidance (CA) system is proposed, which combines the SA with a threat assessment (TA) algorithm that estimates the effort needed to avoid a collision. It is shown that the SA algorithm proposed enables the CA system to initiate earlier brake interventions when the driver is assessed as being distracted, without significantly increasing the risk of false interventions in real traffic. The CA system has been evaluated in both collision situations on a test track and during 200 driving hours in real traffic conditions.

Seat occupant restraint system for vehicle

Abstract: A rear end collision sensor is designed to detect the possibility of a rear end collision of a vehicle in advance. Upon detection, a controller drives a seat belt system to restrain the head of a seat occupant toward a headrest of the seat or to straighten the spine of the seat occupant to protect the neck against impending impact.

Rear-end collision alarming device and method linked to speed control device of a vehicle

Abstract: An rear-end collision alarming device issuing an alarm for preventing a rear-end collision against a vehicle running ahead determines whether a gas pedal is operated when it is determined that a subject vehicle approaches the vehicle running ahead. If the gas pedal is not operated, this means that a driver does not react to the approach. Therefore, the device notify the driver of the approach to the vehicle running ahead through an alarm sound or light.

Vehicle rear-end collision prevention or severity reduction method, transmitting warning to following vehicle if collision appears likely and or avoiding actions are automatically triggered in lead vehicle

Abstract: Method for reducing the risk of a read-end collision in which if a collision is identified as likely, a warning (W, W1, W2) is transmitted from the first vehicle (1) to the following second vehicle (2) and or avoiding actions are triggered in the first vehicle. The warning may be optical, e.g. by blinking or changing the brightness of brake lights, acoustic, or haptic, or a combination of these. An independent claim is included for a device for implementing the collision avoidance method of the invention.

Backrest and head restraint design for rear-end collision protection

Abstract: A SERIES OF EXPERIMENTS WERE CONDUCTED TO EVALUATE THE RELATIVE PROTECTIVE MERITS AND THE PRACTICALITY OF VARIOUS SEAT DESIGNS WITH RESPECT TO THE MANY VARIABLES COMMON TO REAR-END COLLISIONS IN THE FOLLOWING SECTIONS: (1) BACKGROUND REVIEWS FOUR EARLIER STUDIES. (2) FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT DESCRIBES THE UCLA-ITTE FIELD STATION FOR COLLISION RESEARCH. (3) EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE REVIEWS THE IMPACT SPEEDS, TYPES OF DUMMIES, AND SEAT BACK HEIGHTS USED IN THE TWELVE COLLISIONS OF THE EXPERIMENT. (4) METHODOLOGY DISCUSSES THE STANDARDIZED EXPERIMENTATION PROCEDURES (IMPACT CONFIGURATIONS, DIRECTIONAL HEADING OF COLLIDING CARS, DIRECTIONAL CONTROL OF THE APPROACHING STRIKING VEHICLE, AND SPEED CONTROL) AND THE SPECIAL TECHNIQUES PECULIAR TO THIS COLLISION SERIES (MODIFICATION OF SEAT ARRANGEMENTS, BODY REVISIONS, HUMAN SIMULATION WITH ANTHROPOMORPHIC DUMMIES, DUMMY SIZE TO SEAT BACK HEIGHT RELATIONSHIPS, AND OCCUPANT ASSIGNMENTS). (5) INSTRUMENTATION DESCRIBES THE MEANS BY WHICH VARIOUS DATA WERE COLLECTED: HIGH SPEED MOTION PICTURE CAMERAS TO RECORD VEHICLE COLLISION DYNAMICS AND PASSENGER KINEMATICS; ELECTRICAL ACCELEROMETERS; SEAT BELT TENSIOMETERS TO MEASURE BELT LOADS; FIFTH WHEEL TO ASSURE ACCURATE IMPACT VELOCITY; REFERENCE TARGETS TO PROVIDE PRECISION PHOTOGRAPHIC REFERENCES FOR MICROMOTION ANALYSIS; AND, A RECORDING OSCILLOGRAPH FOR AMPLITUDE-TIME RECORDS OF TRANSDUCER SIGNALS; ETC. SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE INSTRUMENTS ARE INCLUDED. (6) ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS PRESENTS THE DATA COLLECTED IN THE FOLLOWING AREAS: VEHICLE COLLISION PERFORMANCE, AND PEAK ACCELERATION; PASSENGER KINEMATICS AND PEAK ACCELERATIONS; WHIPLASH PROTECTION PROVIDED BY VARIOUS SEATBACK HEIGHTS AND STRENGTHS, AS WELL AS RELATED DESIGN INNOVATIONS; TRANSDUCER PATTERNS OF OCCUPANTS, VEHICLES, RESTRAINT SYSTEMS, HEAD RESTRAINTS, AND SEAT STRUCTURES, AND DESCRIPTION OF POST CRASH OBSERVATIONS. (7) EXPERIMENTS GIVE THE PARTICULARS OF EACH OF THE TWELVE COLLISIONS, A REPORT OF THE INJURIES SUSTAINED BY EACH PASSENGER, AND DATA ON THE CONDITION OF THE VEHICLES AND SEAT BACKS. (8) DISCUSSION PROVIDES DESIGN CRITERIA NEEDED BY THE AUTOMOTIVE MANUFACTURERS CONCERNED WITH PROVIDING SAFER SEAT DESIGNS IN THE FOLLOWING AREAS: VEHICLE SEAT MODIFICATION, VEHICLE COLLISION PERFORMANCE, AND HEAD RESTRAINT PERFORMANCE. (9) CONCLUSIONS LIST FINDINGS WITH RESPECT TO METHODOLOGY, COLLISION PERFORMANCE, PASSENGER COMPARTMENT DESIGN, SEAT DESIGN, HEAD RESTRAINTS, OCCUPANT PROTECTION, ETC. APPENDICES: A IS REAR- END COLLISION TRANSDUCER DATA; B IS ANTHROPOMETRIC ADULT DUMMY SPECIFICATIONS. /SRIS/