Showing papers on "Rebound effect (conservation) published in 1991"

The California rebound effect: An analysis of California's redistributive role in interstate migration

Abstract: California has historically been the primary geographic focus of westward migration in the United States. Trends of the 1960 and 1970s indicate that California's role in interstate migration is changing to that of a redistributor of population. In net terms, California is attracting in-migrants from the traditional core region of the Northeast and Midwest, and distributing population throughout the peripheral West. The emergence and development of these trends from 1935 to 1980 are analyzed through the demographic effectiveness of migration, a singly-constrained gravity model, and reverse gravity model mapping of relative interstate distances from California. International and historical interstate migration to California are also reviewed, as well as recent data on interstate migration during the 1980s. The phenomenon of California's redistributive role in interstate migration is discussed in relation to spatial shifts in economic and social functions, the role of search space, and a changing geographic ideal. CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION: THE DEVELOPMENT OF CALIFORNIA AS A POPULATION RED1STR1BUTOR California has for long been the primary geographic focus of westward migration across the United States. In recent decades, while California has continued to attract the greatest number of interstate migrants, the state has also emerged as the country's leading redistributor of population. In net terms, California draws most of its inmigrants from the Northeastern and Midwestern states of the traditional industrial core, and sends population throughout the peripheral West (Kirsch 1990). Meanwhile, California now attracts more international migrants than any other state, and with immigration as the largest component of California's population growth (Muller and Espenshade 1985), the state's population reached 29.8 million in 1990 (United States Census). Bearing in mind these trends in migration flows and population growth, an analysis of California's role as a population redistributor is a crucial step towards understanding the movement and redistribution of population in the United States. The objective of this thesis in geography is to explore California's interstate migration patterns, focusing on the period from 1935 to 1980. Historical interstate and international migration to California will be discussed in relation to the development of California as a secondary n^Jional core and the country's most populous state. Knowledge of the state's rapid population growth is an integral foundation for understanding its recent trends of inand out-migration. California's patterns of interstate migration from 1935 to 1980 will be analyzed on the basis of demographic effectiveness, and the roles of distance and population size will be evaluated with the use of both standard and "reverse" gravity models. With these perspectives I hope to present a cohesive explanation of California's role as a population redistributor in interstate migration, and shed light on the geographic factors underlying this