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Reference circuit

About: Reference circuit is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2321 publications have been published within this topic receiving 15786 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a low-power 10-bit converter that can sample input frequencies above 100 MHz is presented, which consumes 55 mW when sampling at f/sub s/=40 MHz from a 3-V supply.
Abstract: A low-power 10-bit converter that can sample input frequencies above 100 MHz is presented. The converter consumes 55 mW when sampling at f/sub s/=40 MHz from a 3-V supply, which also includes a bandgap and a reference circuit (70 mW if including digital drivers with a 10-pF load). It exhibits higher than 9.5 effective number of bits for an input frequency at Nyquist (f/sub in/=f/sub s//2=20 MHz). The differential and integral nonlinearity of the converter are within /spl plusmn/0.3 and /spl plusmn/0.75 LSB, respectively, when sampling at 40 MHz, and improve to a 12-bit accuracy level for lower sampling rates. The overall performance is achieved using a pipelined architecture without a dedicated sample/hold amplifier circuit at the input. The converter is implemented in double-poly, triple-metal 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS technology and occupies an area of 2.6 mm/sup 2/.

262 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper presents bandgap reference (BGR) and sub-BGR circuits for nanowatt LSIs, which avoid the use of resistors and contain only MOSFETs and one bipolar transistor and can operate at a sub-1-V supply.
Abstract: This paper presents bandgap reference (BGR) and sub-BGR circuits for nanowatt LSIs. The circuits consist of a nano-ampere current reference circuit, a bipolar transistor, and proportional-to-absolute-temperature (PTAT) voltage generators. The proposed circuits avoid the use of resistors and contain only MOSFETs and one bipolar transistor. Because the sub-BGR circuit divides the output voltage of the bipolar transistor without resistors, it can operate at a sub-1-V supply. The experimental results obtained in the 0.18-μm CMOS process demonstrated that the BGR circuit could generate a reference voltage of 1.09 V and the sub-BGR circuit could generate one of 0.548 V. The power dissipations of the BGR and sub-BGR circuits corresponded to 100 and 52.5 nW.

219 citations

Book
25 Oct 2001
TL;DR: This paper focuses on the design of Precision Reference Circuits for Bandgap Trimming Procedure for a Mixed-Mode (Both Voltage-Mode and Current-Mode) Output Stage, and the effect of the Resistors' Temperature Coefficient on a Reference with a Current- Mode Output Stage.
Abstract: Preface. Acknowledgments. List of Tables. List of Figures. Summary. 1. The Basics. 1.1 The Diode. 1.2 Current Mirrors. Appendix A.1: Temperature Dependence of the Diode Voltage. 2. Current References. 2.1 PTAT Current References. 2.2 Startup Circuits and Frequency Compensation. 2.3 CTAT Current References. 2.4 Temperature-Independent Current References. 2.5 PTAT[superscript 2] Current Generators. 3. Voltage References. 3.1 Zero-Order References. 3.2 First-Order References. 3.3 Second-Order References (Curvature Correction). 3.4 State-of-the-Art Curvature-Correction Techniques. 4. Designing Precision Reference Circuits. 4.1 Error Sources. 4.2 The Output Stage. 4.3 Designing for Power Supply Rejection and Line Regulation. Appendix A.4: Error Sources in a Typical First-Order Bandgap. Appendix B.4: Effect of the Resistors' Temperature Coefficient on a Reference with a Current-Mode Output Stage. 5. Considering the System and the Working Environment. 5.1 Design of the Trim Network. 5.2 Package-Shift Effects. 5.3 System-Related Issues. 5.4 Characterization. Appendix A.5: Bandgap Trimming Procedure for a Mixed-Mode (Both Voltage-Mode and Current-Mode) Output Stage. Appendix B.5: Package Shift-Effects in Bandgap Reference Circuits. Appendix C.5: Derivation of the Time Required for a Reference Circuit to Change a Finite Amount upon a single-Step Stimulus. Index. About the Author.

175 citations

Patent
30 Mar 2006
TL;DR: In this article, a switching voltage regulator is proposed for regulating a voltage supplied to system circuitry, which consists of an oscillator operable to generate a signal representing a gate speed of a reference circuit in the system circuitry and a frequency generator operating at the same gate speed as the reference circuit.
Abstract: A switching voltage regulator is disclosed for regulating a voltage supplied to system circuitry. The switching voltage regulator comprises an oscillator operable to generate an oscillator signal representing a gate speed of a reference circuit in the system circuitry, and a frequency generator operable to generate a reference signal representing a target gate speed of the reference circuit. A cycle comparator compares at least one cycle of the oscillator signal to at least one cycle of the reference signal, and switching circuitry charges a charging element based at least on part on the comparison.

141 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
16 May 1999
TL;DR: In this article, a 10-bit converter that can sample input frequencies above 100 MHz is presented, which consumes 55 mW when sampling at f/sub s/= 40 MHz from a 3 V supply which also includes a bandgap and a reference circuit.
Abstract: A low power 10-bit converter which can sample input frequencies above 100 MHz is presented. The converter consumes 55 mW when sampling at f/sub s/= 40 MHz from a 3 V supply which also includes a bandgap and a reference circuit. It exhibits higher than 9.5 effective number of bits (ENOB) for an input frequency at Nyquist (f/sub in/= 1/2 f/sub s/=20 MHz). The differential (DNL) and integral (INL) nonlinearity of the converter are within /spl plusmn/0.3 LSB and /spl plusmn/0.75 LSB respectively when sampling at 40 MHz, and improve to a 12-bit accuracy level for lower sampling rates. The overall performance is achieved using a pipeline architecture without a dedicated sample/hold circuit at the input.

128 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202132
202079
2019100
2018127
2017127
2016136